Publications by authors named "Keiko Ishida"
Article Synopsis
- Ingestible electronics could greatly improve diagnosis and treatment for various health issues, but current technologies face challenges like poor contact with tissues and limited battery life.
- A new device called the ingestible robotic interface (IngRI) has been developed to overcome these challenges, allowing for chronic stimulation of the gut without needing a battery.
- Testing in swine showed that IngRI effectively interacts with gut tissue and can influence hormone levels, indicating its potential for appetite regulation and other medical uses.
Article Synopsis
- Chemotherapy dosing traditionally relies on patient weight and height, which often leads to significant variations in drug levels, potentially causing under- or overdosing.
- A new closed-loop drug delivery system, known as CLAUDIA, can automatically adjust drug infusion rates to maintain target drug concentrations in patients, regardless of their individual pharmacokinetics.
- Tests showed that CLAUDIA effectively kept the concentration of 5-fluorouracil within range, unlike conventional BSA-based dosing, and is also more cost-effective, with potential for rapid clinical implementation.
Article Synopsis
- Postoperative ileus (POI) often causes extended hospital stays after abdominal surgery due to digestive tract paralysis, leading to symptoms like constipation and vomiting.
- Currently, treatments for POI are mainly supportive and not very effective, prompting the development of a new device called INSPIRE, which is an ingestible and self-propelling device designed to stimulate intestinal movement.
- In tests on swine models, the INSPIRE device significantly improved intestinal motility, with a 44% increase in normal cases and a 140% improvement in chemically induced ileus, drastically reducing the average passage time from 8.6 days to 2.5 days, making it a promising noninvasive treatment option for motility disorders.
Article Synopsis
- Pills are essential in medicine but can be hard to swallow, while liquid forms lack specific therapeutic targeting and controlled release.
- The study introduces liquid in situ-forming tough (LIFT) hydrogels, which create a gel in the stomach by mixing two solutions, allowing for a better drug delivery method.
- Tested in live rats and pigs, LIFT hydrogels are strong, safe, and effectively deliver drugs while protecting sensitive therapeutic enzymes and bacteria from stomach acid, potentially aiding patients who struggle with traditional medicine forms.
Article Synopsis
- Research identifies the colonization of H. fennelliae, a type of enterohepatic Helicobacter, in the large intestine of a specific immunocompromised patient in Japan.
- * The study used microbiological and histopathological methods to confirm this localization.
- * This finding helps enhance our understanding of the life cycle of enterohepatic Helicobacter species in humans.
Effective therapies for obesity require invasive surgical and endoscopic interventions or high patient adherence, making it challenging for patients with obesity to effectively manage their disease. Gastric mechanoreceptors sense distension of the stomach and perform volume-dependent vagal signaling to initiate the gastric phase and influence satiety. In this study, we developed a new luminal stimulation modality to specifically activate these gastric stretch receptors to elicit a vagal afferent response commensurate with mechanical distension.
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- Inhibition of autophagy shows potential to improve cancer treatment, but results have varied in clinical settings.
- A study analyzed patients treated with hydroxychloroquine (an autophagy inhibitor) and found a link between smoking and autophagy inhibition.
- The research suggests that adding carbon monoxide (CO) can boost the effectiveness of autophagy inhibitors, potentially leading to better cancer therapies.
Localization and tracking of ingestible microdevices in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is valuable for the diagnosis and treatment of GI disorders. Such systems require a large field-of-view of tracking, high spatiotemporal resolution, wirelessly operated microdevices and a non-obstructive field generator that is safe to use in practical settings. However, the capabilities of current systems remain limited.
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- A 31-year-old man with mild COVID-19 developed altered mental status and was diagnosed with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS).
- Brain MRI revealed a high-intensity area in the splenium of the corpus callosum, characteristic of MERS.
- The case highlights the need to consider MERS in COVID-19 patients who exhibit impaired consciousness, as it has been recently reported in such cases.
Article Synopsis
- Delivering heat could improve various biomedical technologies, such as drug delivery systems and cancer treatments, but current methods are often too power-hungry for wider use.
- Researchers created a new heating method using an exothermic reaction between liquid-metal-activated aluminum and water, allowing for consistent heat generation.
- They demonstrated this method by activating a gastric device made from Nitinol, and discussed potential future applications for this innovative heat generation technique.
Article Synopsis
- mRNA vaccines translate into proteins that trigger strong immune responses but face distribution challenges due to required ultracold storage and professional administration.
- Researchers developed an mRNA vaccine that can be taken orally and stored at 4 °C, making it more accessible for rural areas and developing countries.
- The study successfully demonstrated that the new vaccine formulation, using specific polymers, provoked effective immune responses in mice and could serve as an efficient oral delivery system for mRNA vaccines.
Effective therapies for obesity either require invasive surgical or endoscopic interventions or high patient adherence, making it challenging for the nearly 42% of American adults who suffer from obesity to effectively manage their disease. Gastric mechanoreceptors sense distension of the stomach and perform volume-dependent vagal signaling to initiate the gastric phase and influence satiety. In this study, we developed a new luminal stimulation modality to specifically activate these gastric stretch receptors to elicit a vagal afferent response commensurate with mechanical distension.
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- Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has potential benefits for nerve repair and organ stimulation, but challenges like surgical placement and lead migration hinder its clinical use.
- The researchers developed adaptive, conductive, and electrotherapeutic scaffolds (ACESs), made from a hydrogel that supports both traditional and minimally invasive surgical techniques.
- In studies with rodents and pigs, ACESs showed significant improvements in nerve recovery and muscle health, along with easier lead removal, paving the way for effective therapeutic PNS applications.
Article Synopsis
- Patient adherence to long-term medications is often poor, which can lead to worse health outcomes.
- A new drug delivery system is designed to improve adherence by extending the time medications stay in the small intestine and releasing them steadily.
- This system uses an enzyme called catalase to help the drug pills stick to the intestinal lining and has shown promising results with two different medications in a pig model.
Article Synopsis
- The gut-brain axis connects the gastrointestinal system with the brain and influences various physiological functions, including feeding and emotions, and can be manipulated using pharmaceuticals or surgeries, which often come with risks.
- Traditional electrical stimulation of the GI tract requires invasive procedures for electrode placement, while stimulating mucosal tissue has been difficult due to the presence of digestive fluids.
- The newly developed FLASH capsule is an ingestible device inspired by the "thorny devil" lizard, designed to actively wick fluid and stimulate mucosal tissue to modulate gut hormones safely, with potential applications in treating metabolic, gastrointestinal, and neuropsychiatric disorders without invasive methods.
Article Synopsis
- Actively triggerable materials can provide better control over the lifespan of biomedical technologies but often lack durability; traditional choices like polymers have limitations compared to stronger metals.
- Metals, specifically using a method called liquid metal embrittlement, can be engineered to break down under certain conditions; this involves liquid metals weakening solid metals at their grain boundaries.
- The study showcases eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), a biocompatible metal alloy that effectively triggers the breakdown of aluminum in relevant biological settings, and discusses three potential applications for these actively triggerable metals in biomedical devices.
Article Synopsis
- Oral drug delivery of proteins usually requires injections due to poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and mucus barriers.
- The RoboCap is a robotic capsule designed to clear mucus and mix contents in the small intestine to improve drug absorption.
- In studies with swine models, RoboCap significantly enhanced the absorption of vancomycin and insulin, demonstrating its potential for effective oral delivery of traditionally difficult-to-absorb medications.
In Situ Detection of Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Biomarkers Using Electrochemical Gas Sensors.
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc
July 2022
Article Synopsis
- * There has been a challenge in detecting NO non-invasively at the inflammation site despite its potential for diagnosis.
- * This study introduces a capsule-like electrochemical gas sensor that successfully detects NO directly at the inflammation site in an animal model, highlighting its importance in monitoring the condition.
Article Synopsis
- Intravesical instillation is a method used to deliver drugs directly into the bladder for treating urological issues, but it has challenges like pain and frequent clinic visits.
- Researchers have developed a new biodegradable intravesical device made of PCL microcapsules and PDS sutures, which is easy to insert and remains in the bladder for up to four weeks.
- The device allows for long-term drug release of medications like lidocaine and resiquimod, and a cost-effectiveness analysis shows it's a better option compared to traditional treatment methods.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers have developed gas-entrapping materials (GEMs) inspired by culinary techniques to safely deliver CO directly to the gastrointestinal tract, offering a new treatment avenue for diseases like inflammatory bowel disease.
- * In studies with rodents and swine, GEMs showed promising results, including reduction of liver damage, inflammation from colitis, and gut damage due to radiation, suggesting a significant potential for therapeutic use of CO.
Administering medicines to 0- to 5-year-old children in a resource-limited environment requires dosage forms that circumvent swallowing solids, avoid on-field reconstitution, and are thermostable, cheap, versatile, and taste masking. We present a strategy that stands to solve this multifaceted problem. As many drugs lack adequate water solubility, our formulations used oils, whose textures could be modified with gelling agents to form "oleogels.
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- Glycemic control remains crucial for diabetes management, primarily achieved through adjusting insulin doses, using both long-acting for daily needs and short-acting for meal-related spikes.
- Blood glucose monitoring and carbohydrate counting can be burdensome for users, impacting their adherence to insulin therapy.
- A new smartphone-based system utilizing computer vision simplifies this process by detecting food carbohydrate loads from images, and combined with blood glucose data, it calculates necessary insulin doses, potentially revolutionizing diabetes care.*
Article Synopsis
- Oral drug administration is still the most favored method for patients and healthcare professionals, but delivering large molecules (macromolecules) orally is tough due to absorption issues and the digestive environment.
- Researchers have created a unique delivery system combining microneedles and drug absorption enhancers, inspired by a type of worm, which sticks to the stomach lining for better drug delivery in pigs.
- Additionally, they designed a targeted capsule that can release these microneedles intact, potentially improving how various medications can be delivered in the gastrointestinal tract.
Article Synopsis
- Diurnal fluctuations in biological mediators affect drug effectiveness, leading to advancements in chronotherapy, which focuses on timing drug delivery for optimal results.
- A new implantable system has been developed that is battery-free, refillable, and can be controlled via a mobile app to administer drugs precisely when needed.
- Tests show the system delivers bromocriptine effectively for glycemic control in diabetic rats and can also administer antihypertensive medication, potentially improving treatment for various chronic conditions.