Protective effects of 10 °C preservation on donor lungs with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.

Objectives: Hypothermic lung preservation at 10 °C has been recently shown to enhance quality of healthy donor lungs during ischemia. This study aims to show generalizability of the 10 °C lung preservation using an endotoxin-induced lung injury with specific focus on the benefits of post-transplant lung function and mitochondrial preservation.

Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (3 mg/kg) was injected intratracheally in rats to induce lung injury.

Metabolomic studies reveal an organ-protective hibernation state in donor lungs preserved at 10 °C.

Objective: Previous reports showed enhanced graft function in both healthy and injured porcine lungs after preservation at 10 °C. The objective of the study is to elucidate the mechanism of lung protection by 10 °C and identify potential therapeutic targets to improve organ preservation.

Methods: Metabolomics data were analyzed from healthy and injured porcine lungs that underwent extended hypothermic preservation on ice and at 10 °C.

Establishment of an Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Rat Model for Translational Insights in Lung Transplantation.

Since the establishment of lung transplantation as a therapeutic strategy for advanced lung diseases, the scientific community is faced with the problem of a low number of lungs considered viable for the donation process. In recent decades, however, this scenario has been positively changed, given the development of ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) as a strategy for evaluating and reconditioning marginal lungs. The establishment of EVLP in large transplant centers has favored an increase in the number of lung transplants, both by increasing the diagnostic accuracy of lung function and by constituting an effective platform for the reconditioning of lung grafts.

Reduction of donor mononuclear phagocytes with clodronate-liposome during ex vivo lung perfusion attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objectives: Clodronate-liposome is used for depleting mononuclear phagocytes associated with ischemia-reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that administration of clodronate-liposome into the perfusate during ex vivo lung perfusion could reduce mononuclear phagocytes and attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: First, the number of mononuclear phagocytes in flushed grafts (minimum cold ischemic time, 6-hour cold ischemic time, 15-hour cold ischemic time, and 18-hour cold ischemic time; n = 6 each) was determined using flow cytometry.

Prognostic role of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level in part-solid lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Part-solid lung adenocarcinoma appears as a heterogeneous subgroup, and its surgical management is controversial. This study aimed to elucidate whether preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen, a time-honored tumor marker, can be used as a prognostic factor that contributes to its management.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with clinical-T1a-cN0M0 part-solid adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection between January 2011 and December 2015 at two institutions.

Living-Donor Lung Transplantation for Dyskeratosis Congenita.

This report describes 2 cases of dyskeratosis congenita in patients with progressive pulmonary diseases who required urgent living-donor lung transplantations. In the first case, a 13-year-old boy underwent bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia at age of 6 years. Severe pulmonary right-to-left shunting and fibrosis developed, and his condition deteriorated with acute fibrosis exacerbation and increased intrapulmonary shunt.

Updated long-term outcomes of salvage surgery after stereotactic body radiotherapy for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer.

There is dearth of data regarding the long-term survival outcomes of salvage surgery after stereotactic body radiotherapy for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer, as previous studies have included a short follow-up period. There is also scarce information on the management of re-relapse in previous studies. This study examined the long-term survival outcomes of patients who underwent salvage surgery for isolated local relapse (LR).

Survival outcomes of resection for pulmonary malignancies including non-small cell lung cancer and pulmonary metastasis after esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma.

Objectives: This study investigated survival outcomes of resection for pulmonary malignancies after esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma, comparing non-small cell lung cancer and pulmonary metastases.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent resection for pulmonary malignancies after esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma between 2009 and 2018. The overall survival and relapse-free survival rate were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Prognostic factors related to postoperative survival in the newly classified clinical T4 lung cancer.

Objectives: T4 lung cancer has become a more heterogeneous group since the 8th edition of tumour, node, metastasis classification. The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors related to post-surgical survival in patients with clinical T4 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), based on the 8th edition of the classification.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with clinical T4 NSCLC who underwent resection between January 2006 and December 2016, to identify factors associated with overall survival.

Outcomes of combination therapy including rituximab for antibody-mediated rejection after lung transplantation.

Objectives: This study assessed the outcomes of combination therapy including rituximab for antibody-mediated rejection after lung transplantation.

Methods: Retrospective chart reviews were performed for all patients who received combination therapy including rituximab for post-lung transplantation antibody-mediated rejection between June 2008 and October 2018.

Results: Among the 196 consecutive patients undergoing lung transplantation during the study period, eight (4.

Non-small cell lung cancer with pathological complete response: predictive factors and surgical outcomes.

Objectives: When induction therapy followed by surgery for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer results in pathological complete response, the prognosis is excellent; however, relapses can occur. We analyzed the predictive factors for achieving pathological complete response and reviewed the clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer with pathological complete response.

Methods: Between March 2005 and January 2015, 145 resections after induction therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer were performed; 38 cases achieved pathological complete response.

[Induction Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer;a Retrospective Study].

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the outcomes of induction chemoradiotherapy (ICRT) followed by surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer( NSCLC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent ICRT followed by surgery at our hospital between January 2006 and December 2015.

Results: A total of 102 patients were eligible for evaluation (cStage/I B/II A/II B/III A/III B, 1/8/14/75/4).

Surgical outcomes and complications of pneumonectomy after induction therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Although surgical resection after induction therapy (IT) for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a possible treatment option, pneumonectomy may be avoided owing to high-surgical risks. However, reports exist that pneumonectomy after IT has acceptable safety and favorable outcomes. We reviewed pneumonectomies after IT in terms of surgical outcomes, perioperative management, and complications.

The role of virtual-assisted lung mapping in the resection of ground glass nodules.

Background: Virtual-assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP), a bronchoscopic multi-spot dye-marking technique, was tested for its ability to resect ground glass nodules (GGNs) in sublobar lung resections.

Methods: All patients were prospectively registered in the multi-institutional lung mapping (MIL-MAP) study using VAL-MAP. The data were retrospectively analyzed, focusing on GGNs.

Comparing Part-Solid and Pure-Solid Tumors in the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer (Eighth Edition).

Background:  In the eighth edition of the TNM classification, the lung tumors that have the same solid components are categorized either as part-solid or pure-solid tumors. However, this is debatable since the tumors in the same T component categories were evaluated without considering this categorization, and was based on a more malignant behavior and a poorer prognosis of pure-solid tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the prognosis between part-solid and pure-solid tumors.

Surgery for Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration Using Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Navigation: A Case Report.

A 38-year-old man with bilateral Pryce III intralobar sequestration was admitted. At first, left lower lobectomy and division of the aberrant artery were performed because of continuous hemoptysis after admission. Two months later, we planned a video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection of the right sequestration and a division of the 2 aberrant arteries.

Right extrapleural completion pneumonectomy for fibrocavitary nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease.

We report a case of a 76-year-old man with fibrocavitary nontuberculous mycobacterial (FC-NTM) lung disease, who was successfully treated with right extrapleural completion pneumonectomy. Right extrapleural completion pneumonectomy with careful coverage of the bronchial stump might be effective in patients with FC-NTM lung disease.

Development and validation of a preoperative prognostic index independent of TNM stage in resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Previously reported prognostic tools for patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) include factors found postoperatively, but not preoperatively. However, it would be important to predict patient prognosis before NSCLC resection. To suggest a novel preoperative prognostic tool, we evaluated the relationship of preoperative prognostic factors with the survival of patients with resected NSCLC.

Preoperative detection of pleural adhesions by respiratory dynamic computed tomography.

Background: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) plays an important role in thoracic surgery because it is less invasive. However, the existence of severe pleural adhesions may make VATS difficult and complicated. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of inspiration and expiration computed tomography (respiratory dynamic CT (RD-CT)) in evaluation of pleural adhesions preoperatively.

Stapler-Based Thoracoscopic Basilar Segmentectomy.

Thoracoscopic S9-10 segmentectomy is more difficult than other segmentectomies because of the complexity of the peripheral pulmonary anatomies and the difficulty of dividing the intersegmental plane. In S9-10 segmentectomy, the intersegmental plane between segments S6 and S8 near the major fissure impedes division of the plane between segments S6 and S9-10, or S8 and S9-10. Dividing the intersegmental plane between segments S6 and S8 with stapling is difficult, because peripheral pulmonary anatomies are not exposed clearly.

Adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background Adjuvant chemotherapy after complete surgical resection is currently the standard of care for patients with stage IB, II, or IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the generalizability of this treatment to elderly patients is controversial. We investigated the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients aged over 75 years with stage IB-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer.

Surgical and survival outcomes of lung cancer patients with intratumoral lung abscesses.

Background: Intratumoral lung abscess is a secondary lung abscess that is considered to be fatal. Therefore, surgical procedures, although high-risk, have sometimes been performed for intratumoral lung abscesses. However, no studies have examined the surgical outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer patients with intratumoral lung abscesses.

Long acting β-adrenocepter agonists are not associated with atrial arrhythmias after pulmonary resection.

Background: Long-acting β-adrenoceptor agonists have been shown to increase the risk of atrial arrhythmias in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The aim of this study was to investigate whether perioperative long-acting β-adrenoceptor agonists treatment would increase the risk of postoperative atrial arrhythmias after lung cancer surgery in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 174 consecutive chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy.

Safety and reproducibility of virtual-assisted lung mapping: a multicentre study in Japan.

Objectives: Virtual-assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP) is a preoperative bronchoscopic multispot dye-marking technique using virtual images. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and reproducibility of VAL-MAP among multiple centres.

Methods: Selection criteria included patients with pulmonary lesions anticipated to be difficult to identify at thoracoscopy and/or those undergoing sub-lobar lung resections requiring careful determination of resection margins.

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infection and Prognosis after Surgery of Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

To investigate the association between pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria infection (PNTMI) and prognosis after pulmonary resection for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we retrospectively analyzed 391 consecutive patients with NSCLC who underwent surgery. Subjects were grouped based on with/without PNTMI defined by two criteria (12 and 23 PNTMI subjects). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups regarding overall survival ( = 0.