Translocator protein imaging with F-FEDAC-positron emission tomography in rabbit atherosclerosis and its presence in human coronary vulnerable plaques.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether N-benzyl-N-methyl-2-[7,8-dihydro-7-(2-[F]fluoroethyl)-8-oxo-2-phenyl-9H-purin-9-yl]acetamide (F-FEDAC), a probe for translocator protein (TSPO), can visualize atherosclerotic lesions in rabbits and whether TSPO is localized in human coronary plaques.

Methods: F-FEDAC-PET of a rabbit model of atherosclerosis induced by a 0.5% cholesterol diet and balloon injury of the left carotid artery (n = 7) was performed eight weeks after the injury.

Clinical practice guidelines for high-resolution breast PET, 2019 edition.

Breast positron emission tomography (PET) has had insurance coverage when performed with conventional whole-body PET in Japan since 2013. Together with whole-body PET, accurate examination of breast cancer and diagnosis of metastatic disease are possible, and are expected to contribute significantly to its treatment planning. To facilitate a safer, smoother, and more appropriate examination, the Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine published the first edition of practice guidelines for high-resolution breast PET in 2013.

Effects of Repeated I-Iodobenzylguanidine Radiotherapy on Tumor Size and Tumor Metabolic Activity in Patients with Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

I-iodobenzylguanidine (I-MIBG) radiotherapy has shown some survival benefits in metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). European Association of Nuclear Medicine clinical guidelines for I-MIBG radiotherapy suggest a repeated treatment protocol, although none currently exists. The existing single-high-dose I-MIBG radiotherapy (444 MBq/kg) has been shown to have some benefits for patients with metastatic NETs.

Validation of regional myocardial blood flow quantification using three-dimensional PET with rubidium-82: repeatability and comparison with two-dimensional PET data acquisition.

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) data acquisition is now standard on PET/computed tomography scanners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of myocardial blood flow (MBF) estimation with rubidium-82 (Rb) 3D PET and to validate regional MBF measurements by comparison with two-dimensional (2D) PET.

Patients And Methods: Fifteen healthy individuals (31.

[A Case of WDHA Water Diarrhea Hypokalemia Achlorhydria Syndrome that Developed after Multimodal Therapy for Retroperitoneal Paraganglioma].

A 45-year-old woman visited a local clinic with left-flank abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a tumor 20 cm in diameter in the left adrenal gland. She was referred to our hospital for further treatment.

Preclinical Evaluation of the Acute Radiotoxicity of the α-Emitting Molecular-Targeted Therapeutic Agent At-MABG for the Treatment of Malignant Pheochromocytoma in Normal Mice.

The α-emitter At-labeled meta-astatobenzylguanidine (At-MABG) has a strong antitumor effect on pheochromocytoma xenograft tumors and holds great promise as a new therapeutic option for malignant pheochromocytoma. To evaluate the acute radiation-related toxicity of At-MABG, we conducted biodistribution and dosimetry studies of At-MABG in ICR mice to estimate the doses absorbed by organs. We determined the maximum tolerated doses (MTD) of At-MABG on the basis of body weight loss and assessed the acute radiation-related toxicity induced by MTD administration on the basis of organ weights, histologic features, hematologic indices, and biochemical indices.

Use of F-FDG PET/CT texture analysis to diagnose cardiac sarcoidosis.

Purpose: F-fluorodeoxyglocose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) plays a significant role in the diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). Texture analysis is a group of computational methods for evaluating the inhomogeneity among adjacent pixels or voxels. We investigated whether texture analysis applied to myocardial FDG uptake has diagnostic value in patients with CS.

Do TSH, FT3, and FT4 Impact BAT Visualization of Clinical FDG-PET/CT Images?

Objective: We retrospectively analyzed activated BAT visualization on FDG-PET/CT in patients with various conditions and TH levels to clarify the relationships between visualization of BAT on FDG-PET/CT and the effect of TH.

Methods: Patients who underwent clinical FDG-PET/CT were reviewed and we categorized patients into 5 groups: (i) thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) group; (ii) recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) group; (iii) hypothyroidism group; (iv) hyperthyroidism group; and (v) BAT group. A total of sixty-two FDG-PET/CT imaging studies in fifty-nine patients were performed.

Correction to: Radiopharmaceutical tracers for cardiac imaging.

Regrettably the original version of the above article contained errors in the three chemical structures presented in the 'Atherosclerosis imaging' section of Table 5, namely: Tc annexin V, Ga DOTATATE, and Cu DOTATATE; the chemical structures have been corrected in Table presented here. In addition, the radiopharmaceutical for isotope Ga has been corrected to Ga citrate, and many of the radiopharmaceuticals presented at the end of the table have been corrected.

Antitumor effects of radionuclide treatment using α-emitting meta-At-astato-benzylguanidine in a PC12 pheochromocytoma model.

Purpose: Therapeutic options for patients with malignant pheochromocytoma are currently limited, and therefore new treatment approaches are being sought. Targeted radionuclide therapy provides tumor-specific systemic treatments. The β-emitting radiopharmaceutical meta-I-iodo-benzylguanidine (I-MIBG) provides limited survival benefits and has adverse effects.

Quantification of myocardial blood flow with C-hydroxyephedrine dynamic PET: comparison with O-HO PET.

Background: C-hydroxyephedrine (HED) PET has been used to evaluate the myocardial sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Here we sought to establish a simultaneous approach for quantifying both myocardial blood flow (MBF) and the SNS from a single HED PET scan.

Methods: Ten controls and 13 patients with suspected cardiac disease were enrolled.

Radiopharmaceutical tracers for cardiac imaging.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disease burden worldwide. Nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging with either single-photon emission computed tomography or positron emission tomography has been used extensively to perform diagnosis, monitor therapies, and predict cardiovascular events. Several radiopharmaceutical tracers have recently been developed to evaluate CVD by targeting myocardial perfusion, metabolism, innervation, and inflammation.

Early therapeutic effects of adaptive servo-ventilation on cardiac sympathetic nervous function in patients with heart failure evaluated using a combination of C-HED PET and I-MIBG SPECT.

Rationale: Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV), a novel respiratory support therapy for sleep disorders, may improve cardiac function in heart failure (HF). However, the reasons that ASV improves cardiac function have not been fully studied especially in sympathetic nervous function (SNF). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of ASV therapy on cardiac SNF in patients with HF.

Anatomical and Functional Estimations of Brachial Artery Diameter and Elasticity Using Oscillometric Measurements with a Quantitative Approach.

Noninvasive vascular function measurement plays an important role in detecting early stages of atherosclerosis and in evaluating therapeutic responses. In this regard, recently, new vascular function measurements have been developed. These new measurements have been used to evaluate vascular function in coronary arteries, large aortic arteries, or peripheral arteries.

Absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow.

With the increasing availability of positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial perfusion imaging, the absolute quantification of myocardial blood flow (MBF) has become popular in clinical settings. Quantitative MBF provides an important additional diagnostic or prognostic information over conventional visual assessment. The success of MBF quantification using PET/computed tomography (CT) has increased the demand for this quantitative diagnostic approach to be more accessible.

Comprehensive assessment of impaired peripheral and coronary artery endothelial functions in smokers using brachial artery ultrasound and oxygen-15-labeled water PET.

Background: Comprehensive evaluation of endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vascular functions in peripheral arteries and coronary arteries in smokers has never been performed previously. Through the use of brachial artery ultrasound and oxygen-15-labeled water positron emission tomography (PET), we sought to investigate peripheral and coronary vascular dysfunctions in smokers.

Methods And Results: Eight smokers and 10 healthy individuals underwent brachial artery ultrasound at rest, during reactive hyperemia [250mmHg cuff occlusion (flow-mediated dilatation (FMD)], and following sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG) administration.