Compare the Efficacy of Bolus Low Dose Ketamine Versus Bolus plus Infusion Low Dose Ketamine on Pain Management in Emergency Department: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: Ketamine is a promising drug for analgesia in emergency medicine, but a high rate of side effects is a barrier to whispered usage. We hypothesized that ketamine bolus followed by ketamine infusion would provide a more even and longer duration of analgesia and lower rates of side effects in comparison to bolus-only administration.

Methods: This was a double-blinded, clinical trial.

Mini-dose Bier's block vs systemic analgesia in distal radius fractures: a promising reduction in emergency department throughput time.

This study compared the effect of the conventional technique of procedural sedation and the mini-dose intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA). 45 patients received IVRA, and 47 received iv. ketamine.

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare delivery to an immigrant population in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background: Healthcare inequity has widely affected marginalized and immigrant communities globally during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: This study assessed the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on health care delivery to immigrant populations in Isfahan Province, Islamic Republic of Iran.

Methods: All 67 hospitals across Isfahan Province were included in this study conducted from 1 March to 31 May 2020.

Point-Of-Care Ultrasonography for Diagnosis of Medial Collateral Ligament Tears in Acute Knee Trauma; a Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

Introduction: The use of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) for identifying medial collateral ligament (MCL) tears has increased in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of POCUS in the diagnosis of acute MCL tears of the knee.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed on patients with suspected MCL tear of the knee in the emergency department (ED).

Effects of Adding Oral Clonidine to Standard Treatments on Pain Intensity of Patients with Acute Renal Colic: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of adding oral clonidine to standard treatments on pain intensity in patients with acute renal colic.

Materials And Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial that was performed in 2020 in Isfahan. The study population consisted of 200 patients with renal colic.

Differential Diagnosis of Seizure and Syncope by the Means of Biochemical Markers in Emergency Department Patients.

Background: Seizure and syncope have similar clinical symptoms but different etiologies. Hence, differential diagnosis is crucial prior to intervention. This study evaluates the diagnostic importance of neuron specific enolase (NSE), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), and serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) for admitting patients with seizure medical history to emergency department (ED) in order for differential diagnosis between syncope and seizure.

Intranasal ketamine versus intranasal fentanyl on pain management in isolated traumatic patients.

Background: Given the inadequate control of pain in patients with the trauma that refer to the emergency departments, the rapid onset of action of intranasal administration in pain management, and the avoidance of administering opioid medications, the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of intranasal ketamine versus intranasal fentanyl on pain management in isolated traumatic patients.

Materials And Methods: The current study was performed on 125 patients that were divided into the following three groups: control group ( = 41), 1 mg/kg intranasal ketamine group ( = 40), and 1 μg/kg intranasal fentanyl group ( = 44). Then pain scores, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation were recorded at baseline, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40 min after the intervention.

Role of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in the diagnosing of acute medial meniscus injury of knee joint.

Background: In recent years, musculoskeletal ultrasound has increasingly become the common method for diagnosis for many medical specialties. Therefore, the present study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) as a primary triage tool in the diagnosis of the acute medial meniscus injury of the knee.

Materials And Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on patients with a suspected medial meniscus injury of the knee in the emergency department (ED).

Evaluation of the effect of shift cycle time on chest compression quality during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Objective: Considering the potential role of shift cycle time on chest compression quality during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and the available contradictory results in this regard, the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of 1-min versus 2-min shift cycle time on the quality of CPR.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized crossover study, 80 rescuers performed CPR on a manikin in two scenarios with a rotation of 1 and 2-min cycles. The quality of CPR was evaluated and compared based on the information obtained regarding the chest compression depth, recoil, and rate of chest compression.

Topical ketamine as a local anesthetic agent in reducing venipuncture pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: Pain control is an important aspect of ED patient management, and there are many different protocols used around the world influenced by both availability of local resources as well as staff competency and experience. This study aims to evaluate the use of topical ketamine in acute pain reduction by directly comparing it to lidocaine-prilocaine (EMLA) cream.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 300 adult patients classified as level 4 or 5 by ESI triage system were enrolled.

Comparing Sedative Effect of Dexmedetomidine versus Midazolam for Sedation of Children While Undergoing Computerized Tomography Imaging.

Background: Pediatric anxiety and restlessness may create issues and difficulties in performing accurate diagnostic studies even noninvasive ones, such as radiological imaging. There are some agents that will help to get this goal. This study aimed to compare the intranasal effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam (MID) for sedation parameters of children undergoing computerized tomography (CT) imaging.

Diagnostic Value of Copeptin in Patients with Suspected Pulmonary Embolism in Emergency Departments.

Background: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a serious and life-threatening condition. Diagnosis of PTE can be challenging in emergency departments, as there is no absolutely reliable biomarker for the diagnosis of PTE. Copeptin (COP) is a new biomarker, which may be valuable in the diagnosis of PTE; however, its role has not been well studied.

Bedside Ultrasonography versus Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Detecting Cardiogenic Causes of Acute Dyspnea.

Introduction: Acute dyspnea is a common cause of hospitalization in emergency departments (ED).Distinguishing the cardiac causes of acute dyspnea from pulmonary ones is a major challenge for responsible physicians in EDs. This study compares the characteristics of bedside ultrasonography with serum level of blood natriuretic peptide (BNP) in this regard.

Diagnostic validity of ultrasonography in evaluation of pulmonary thromboembolism.

Background: Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) remains difficult due to its nonspecific symptoms and signs. Therefore, many patients die undiagnosed or untreated. We decided to study the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism.

Rectal Thiopental versus Intramuscular Ketamine in Pediatric Procedural Sedation and Analgesia; a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Physicians frequently deal with procedures which require sedation of pediatric patients. Laceration repair is one of them. No study has been performed regarding the comparison between induction of sedation with sodium thiopental and ketamine in laceration repair.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Optic Nerve Ultrasonography and Ophthalmoscopy in Prediction of Elevated Intracranial Pressure.

Introduction: Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is a major and potentially lethal disorder in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Several methods are being used to investigate for elevated ICP. Here we assessed and compared the diagnostic accuracy of two existing tools of ophthalmoscopy and optic nerve ultrasonography in detection of elevated ICP.

Oral Chloral Hydrate Compare with Rectal Thiopental in Pediatric Procedural Sedation and Analgesia; a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: The increasing use of diagnostic imaging in pediatric medicine has resulted in growing need for procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) to minimize motion artifacts during procedures. The drug of choice in pediatric PSA was not introduced until now. The aim of the present study was comparison of oral chloral hydrate (OCH) and rectal sodium thiopental (RST) in pediatric PSA.

Ketamine/propofol versus midazolam/fentanyl for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department: a randomized, prospective, double-blind trial.

Objectives: The authors performed a prospective, double-blinded, randomized trial with emergency department (ED) patients requiring procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) for repair of deep traumatic lacerations and reduction of bone fractures, to compare the ketamine/propofol (ketofol) combination with the midazolam/fentanyl (MF) combination.

Methods: Sixty-two patients scheduled for PSA who presented between January 2009 and June 2009 were enrolled prospectively. Thirty-one were randomly assigned to the ketofol group, and 31 were assigned to the MF group.

Ketamine improves nasogastric tube insertion.

Objectives: Nasogastric (NG) intubation is one of the most common procedures performed in the emergency department (ED) and other hospital settings. The aim of this study was to compare the level of pain during NG tube insertion in groups receiving local ketamine plus water-soluble lubricating gel and water-soluble lubricating gel alone (the latter is the common practice in our hospital). It was hypothesised that ketamine has local anaesthetic effects in reducing the pain of NG tube insertion in the ED.