Wavelength-Dependent Effects of Photobiomodulation for Wound Care in Diabetic Wounds.

Photobiomodulation, showing positive effects on wound healing processes, has been performed mainly with lasers in the red/infrared spectrum. Light of shorter wavelengths can significantly influence biological systems. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects of pulsed LED light of different wavelengths on wound healing in a diabetic (db/db) mouse excision wound model.

ESWT Diminishes Axonal Regeneration following Repair of the Rat Median Nerve with Muscle-In-Vein Conduits but Not after Autologous Nerve Grafting.

Investigations reporting positive effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on nerve regeneration are limited to the rat sciatic nerve model. The effects of ESWT on muscle-in-vein conduits (MVCs) have also not been investigated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ESWT after repair of the rat median nerve with either autografts (ANGs) or MVCs.

Effects of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on Functional Recovery and Circulating miR-375 and miR-382-5p after Subacute and Chronic Spinal Cord Contusion Injury in Rats.

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) can stimulate processes to promote regeneration, including cell proliferation and modulation of inflammation. Specific miRNA expression panels have been established to define correlations with regulatory targets within these pathways. This study aims to investigate the influence of low-energy ESWT-applied within the subacute and chronic phase of SCI (spinal cord injury) on recovery in a rat spinal cord contusion model.

Improved biomechanics in experimental chronic rotator cuff repair after shockwaves is not reflected by bone microarchitecture.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on bone microstructure as well as the bone-tendon-interface and the musculo-tendinous transition zone to explain the previously shown improved biomechanics in a degenerative rotator cuff tear animal model. This study hypothesized that biomechanical improvements related to ESWT are a result of improved bone microstructure and muscle tendon properties.

Methods: In this controlled laboratory study unilateral supraspinatus (SSP) tendon detachment was performed in 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Lugol's solution but not formaldehyde affects bone microstructure and bone mineral density parameters at the insertion site of the rotator cuff in rats.

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether rodent shoulder specimens fixed in formaldehyde for histological and histomorphometric investigations and specimens stained using Lugol's solution for soft tissue visualization by micro-computed tomography (microCT) are still eligible to be used for bone architecture analysis by microCT.

Methods: In this controlled laboratory study, 11 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. After sacrifice and exarticulation both shoulders of healthy rats were assigned into three groups: (A) control group (n = 2); (B) formaldehyde group (n = 4); (C) Lugol group (n = 5).

Evaluation of BMP2/miRNA co-expression systems for potent therapeutic efficacy in bone-tissue regeneration.

Reconstruction of bone defects and compensation of deficient repair mechanisms represent important goals within the field of regenerative medicine and require novel safe strategies for translation into the clinic. A non-viral osteogenic gene therapeutic vector system ('hybrid vectors') was generated, combining an improved bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) gene cassette and single pro-osteogenic microRNAs (miR-148b-3p, miR-20-5p, miR-590b-5p), driven by the U6 promoter. The vectors were tested in vitro for their osteogenic differentiation potential in C2C12 and C3H/10T1/2 cell lines, using BMP2 alone as control.

Evaluation of Functional Recovery in Rats After Median Nerve Resection and Autograft Repair Using Computerized Gait Analysis.

Computerized gait analysis is a common evaluation method in rat models of hind limb nerve injuries, but its use remains unpublished in models of segmental nerve injury of the forelimb. It was the aim of this work to investigate if computerized gait analysis is a feasible evaluation method in a rat model of segmental median nerve injury and autograft repair. Ten male Lewis rats underwent 7-mm resection of the right median nerve with immediate autograft repair.

The secretome of stressed peripheral blood mononuclear cells increases tissue survival in a rodent epigastric flap model.

Reconstructive surgery transfers viable tissue to cover defects and to restore aesthetic and functional properties. Failure rates after free flap surgery range from 3 to 7%. Co-morbidities such as diabetes mellitus or peripheral vascular disease increase the risk of flap failure up to 4.

Repopulation of decellularised articular cartilage by laser-based matrix engraving.

Background: In spite of advances in the treatment of cartilage defects using cell and scaffold-based therapeutic strategies, the long-term outcome is still not satisfying since clinical scores decline years after treatment. Scaffold materials currently used in clinical settings have shown limitations in providing suitable biomechanical properties and an authentic and protective environment for regenerative cells. To tackle this problem, we developed a scaffold material based on decellularised human articular cartilage.

Circulating miRNAs Associated With ER Stress and Organ Damage in a Preclinical Model of Trauma Hemorrhagic Shock.

Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) alterations have been reported in severe trauma patients but the pathophysiological relevance of these changes is still unclear. miRNAs are critical biologic regulators of pathological events such as hypoxia and inflammation, which are known to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress is emerging as an important process contributing to the development of single and/or multiple organ dysfunction after trauma hemorrhagic shock (THS) accompanied by impaired tissue microcirculation and inflammation.

Zoledronic Acid Substantially Improves Bone Microarchitecture and Biomechanical Properties After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rodent Chronic Defect Model.

Background: Bone mineral density at the humeral head is reduced in patients with chronic rotator cuff tears. Bone loss in the humeral head is associated with repair failure after rotator cuff reconstruction. Bisphosphonates (eg, zoledronic acid) increase bone mineral density.

Stromal vascular fraction cells as biologic coating of mesh for hernia repair.

Background: The interest in non-manipulated cells originating from adipose tissue has raised tremendously in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The resulting stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells have been successfully used in numerous clinical applications. The aim of this experimental work is, first to combine a macroporous synthetic mesh with SVF isolated using a mechanical disruption process, and to assess the effect of those cells on the early healing phase of hernia.

A Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Recombinant Topical Thrombin (RECOTHROM) With A Gelatin Sponge Carrier Versus Topical Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose (TABOTAMP/SURGICEL) In A Porcine Liver Bleeding Model.

Purpose: Topical hemostatic agents can be classified as active or passive. This study compared the hemostatic efficacy of an active agent, recombinant thrombin (RECOTHROM [rT]) plus gelatin sponge carrier versus a passive agent, oxidized regenerated cellulose (TABOTAMP/SURGICEL [ORC]), in a porcine liver abrasion model.

Materials And Methods: Eight pigs were used, four of them were heparinized.

Substantial Biomechanical Improvement by Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy After Surgical Repair of Rodent Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears.

Background: Characteristics of chronic rotator cuff tears include continuous loss of tendon structure as well as tendon elasticity, followed by a high failure rate after surgical reconstruction. Several studies have already shown the beneficial effect of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on tissue regeneration in tendon pathologies.

Hypothesis: ESWT improves biomechanical tendon properties as well as functional shoulder outcomes in chronic rotator cuff reconstruction in rodents.

An Efficacy Comparison of Two Hemostatic Agents in a Porcine Liver Bleeding Model: Gelatin/Thrombin Flowable Matrix versus Collagen/Thrombin Powder.

Management of bleeding during surgery can be aided by the application of topical hemostatic agents. This study compared the hemostatic efficacy of a new powder agent containing collagen, chondroitin sulfate, and thrombin (PCCT) with a flowable gelatin-thrombin matrix with smooth particles (SmGM) in a porcine liver bleeding model. Lesions 4-6 mm deep and ∼10 mm in diameter were created in porcine livers and treated with either SmGM or PCCT.

Repopulation of an auricular cartilage scaffold, AuriScaff, perforated with an enzyme combination.

Biomaterials currently in use for articular cartilage regeneration do not mimic the composition or architecture of hyaline cartilage, leading to the formation of repair tissue with inferior characteristics. In this study we demonstrate the use of "AuriScaff", an enzymatically perforated bovine auricular cartilage scaffold, as a novel biomaterial for repopulation with regenerative cells and for the formation of high-quality hyaline cartilage. AuriScaff features a traversing channel network, generated by selective depletion of elastic fibers, enabling uniform repopulation with therapeutic cells.

Different pro-angiogenic potential of γ-irradiated PBMC-derived secretome and its subfractions.

Secretomes from various cell sources exert strong regenerative activities on numerous organs, including the skin. Although secretomes consist of many diverse components, a growing body of evidence suggests that small extracellular vesicles (EVs) account for their regenerative capacity. We previously demonstrated that the secretome of γ-irradiated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exhibits wound healing capacity.

Effect of Coagulation Factor Concentrates on Markers of Endothelial Cell Damage in Experimental Hemorrhagic Shock.

Background: Plasma-based resuscitation showed protective effects on the endothelial glycocalyx compared with crystalloid resuscitation. There is paucity of data regarding the effect of coagulation factor concentrates (CFC) on the glycocalyx in hemorrhagic shock (HS). We hypothesized that colloid-based resuscitation supplemented with CFCs offers a therapeutic value to treat endothelial damage following HS.

Efficacy of Topical Hemostatic Agents: A Comparative Evaluation of Two Gelatin/Thrombin-Based Hemostatic Matrices in a Porcine Kidney Surgical Model.

: Topical hemostatic agents are an important means of controlling or preventing bleeding. This study was performed to compare gelatin-thrombin matrix with smooth particles (SmGM) versus gelatin-thrombin matrix with stellate particles (StGM) in a porcine kidney bleeding model. : In male pigs, reproducible lesions (diameter and depth ∼10 mm) were created in the renal cortex.

Experimental Models of Endotheliopathy: Impact of Shock Severity.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock (HS) followed by resuscitation is often associated with sympathoadrenal activation (SAA) and endothelial damage (ED).

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the impact of HS alone on the magnitude of SAA and consecutive ED, and to characterize potential targets for a standardized and reproducible model of HS-induced endotheliopathy in rats.

Methods: Rats were subjected either to a volume-controlled HS (40% of total blood volume: v-HS group) or to a laboratory-guided HS (l-HS) targeting base deficit (BD) more than 5.

Comparison of nanoparticular hydroxyapatite pastes of different particle content and size in a novel scapula defect model.

Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) has good biocompatibility and the potential to support bone formation. It represents a promising alternative to autologous bone grafting, which is considered the current gold standard for the treatment of low weight bearing bone defects. The purpose of this study was to compare three bone substitute pastes of different HA content and particle size with autologous bone and empty defects, at two time points (6 and 12 months) in an ovine scapula drillhole model using micro-CT, histology and histomorphometry evaluation.

Abdominal wall reinforcement: biologic vs. degradable synthetic devices.

Background: New biodegradable synthetic and biologic hernia implants have been promoted for rapid integration and tissue reinforcement in challenging repairs, e.g. at the hiatus or in contaminated wound fields.

Liquid antiadhesive agents for intraperitoneal hernia repair procedures: Artiss compared to CoSeal and Adept in an IPOM rat model.

Background: Adhesion formation remains an important issue in hernia surgery. Liquid agents were developed for easy and versatile application, especially in laparoscopy. The aim of this study was to compare the antiadhesive effect of fibrin sealant (FS, Artiss), Icodextrin (ID, Adept) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG, CoSeal) alone and in combination and to evaluate the resulting effect on tissue integration of the mesh.

Paracrine Factors from Irradiated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Improve Skin Regeneration and Angiogenesis in a Porcine Burn Model.

Burn wounds pose a serious threat to patients and often require surgical treatment. Skin grafting aims to achieve wound closure but requires a well-vascularized wound bed. The secretome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) has been shown to improve wound healing and angiogenesis.

Induced Hypothermia Preserves the Functional Enterocyte Mass in A Porcine Multiple Trauma Model: Retracted.

Introduction: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and the resulting multiple organ failure (MOF) following severe trauma are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Due to intestinal mucosal lesions and gut barrier disorders, the intestine contributes decisively to how post-traumatic MOF develops. As mild therapeutic hypothermia has been found to have protective effects on post-traumatic organ injuries, we analysed its effects on the intestine.