Na[NiMnFeTi]O as an Optimized O3-Type Layered Oxide Positive Electrode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Layered oxides, such as NaMeO (Me = transition metal, = 0-1), are believed to be the most promising positive electrode materials for Na-ion batteries because of their high true density, large capacities, high working potentials, and reversibility. This study identified Na[NiMnFeTi]O as an optimal composition for use as an O3-type positive electrode material in Na-ion batteries on the basis of a comprehensive phase diagram, where the end members of the triangular phase diagram were Na[NiMn]O, Na[NiTi]O, and the hypothetical composition Na[NiFe]O. By investigating the effects of the partial substitution of Mn with Fe and Ti within the Na[NiMnFeTi]O system, we optimized the capacity, working potential, and cycle performance.

Natural history of cow's milk allergy in children aged 6-12 years.

Background: Approximately 50%-90% of children with immediate-type cow's milk allergy (CMA) acquire tolerance by pre-school age. We aimed to investigate the acquisition rate of CMA tolerance in children aged 6-12 years.

Methods: We included children with CMA who persisted until the age of 6.

Impact of Ti and Zn Dual-Substitution in P2 Type Na Ni Mn O on Ni-Mn and Na-Vacancy Ordering and Electrochemical Properties.

High-entropy layered oxide materials containing various metals that exhibit smooth voltage curves and excellent electrochemical performances have attracted attention in the development of positive electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries. However, a smooth voltage curve can be obtained by suppression of the Na -vacancy ordering, and therefore, transition metal slabs do not need to be more multi-element than necessary. Here, the Na -vacancy ordering is found to be disturbed by dual substitution of Ti for Mn and Zn for Ni in P2-Na [Ni Mn ]O .

Macadamia nut-specific IgE levels for predicting anaphylaxis.

Background: Despite the high risk of anaphylaxis in patients with a macadamia nut allergy (MdA), little is known about the significance of macadamia nut-specific immunoglobulin E (Md-sIgE). Thus, this study aimed to investigate the utility of Md-sIgE for predicting anaphylaxis.

Methods: Children with suspected MdA who visited our hospital were included.

Active material and interphase structures governing performance in sodium and potassium ion batteries.

Development of energy storage systems is a topic of broad societal and economic relevance, and lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the most advanced electrochemical energy storage systems. However, concerns on the scarcity of lithium sources and consequently the expected price increase have driven the development of alternative energy storage systems beyond LIBs. In the search for sustainable and cost-effective technologies, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium ion batteries (PIBs) have attracted considerable attention.

Superconcentrated NaFSA-KFSA Aqueous Electrolytes for 2 V-Class Dual-Ion Batteries.

Superconcentrated aqueous electrolytes containing NaN(SOF) and KN(SOF) (for which sodium and potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amides (FSA), respectively, are abbreviated) have been developed for 2 V-class aqueous batteries. Based on the eutectic composition of the NaFSA-KFSA (56:44 mol/mol) binary system, the superconcentrated solutions of 35 mol kg NaKFSA/HO and 33 mol kg NaKFSA/HO are found to form at 25 °C. As both electrolytes demonstrate a wider potential window of ∼3.

Development of advanced electrolytes in Na-ion batteries: application of the Red Moon method for molecular structure design of the SEI layer.

This review aims to overview state-of-the-art progress in the collaborative work between theoretical and experimental scientists to develop advanced electrolytes for Na-ion batteries (NIBs). Recent investigations were summarized on NaPF salt and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additives in propylene carbonate (PC)-based electrolyte solution, as one of the best electrolytes to effectively passivate the hard-carbon electrode with higher cycling performance for next-generation NIBs. The FEC additive showed high efficiency to significantly enhance the capacity and cyclability of NIBs, with an optimal performance that is sensitive at low concentration.

A vanadium-based oxide-phosphate-pyrophosphate framework as a 4 V electrode material for K-ion batteries.

K-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising for large-scale electrical energy storage owing to the abundant resources and the electrochemical specificity of potassium. Among the positive electrode materials for KIBs, vanadium-based polyanionic materials are interesting because of their high working voltage and good structural stability which dictates the cycle life. In this study, a potassium vanadium oxide phosphate, K(VO)(VO)(PO)(PO), has been investigated as a 4 V class positive electrode material for non-aqueous KIBs.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Two School Children and a Neonate.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide and become a major public health problem. Although real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and there are many reports discussing it, reports about loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) tests for SARS-CoV-2, especially in children, are limited. In this study, we present the results of LAMP test in three children with COVID-19 in a family cluster, and assess these results.

Effect of Particle Size and Anion Vacancy on Electrochemical Potassium Ion Insertion into Potassium Manganese Hexacyanoferrates.

Potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMnHCF) can be used as a positive electrode for potassium-ion batteries because of its high energy density. The effect of particle size and [Fe(CN) ] vacancies on the electrochemical potassium insertion of KMnHCFs was examined through experimental data and theoretical calculations. When nearly stoichiometric KMnHCF was synthesized and tested, smaller particle sizes were found to be important for achieving superior electrochemical performance in terms of capacity and rate capability.

MgO-Template Synthesis of Extremely High Capacity Hard Carbon for Na-Ion Battery.

Extremely high capacity hard carbon for Na-ion battery, delivering 478 mAh g , is successfully synthesized by heating a freeze-dried mixture of magnesium gluconate and glucose by a MgO-template technique. Influences of synthetic conditions and nano-structures on electrochemical Na storage properties in the hard carbon are systematically studied to maximize the reversible capacity. Nano-sized MgO particles are formed in a carbon matrix prepared by pre-treatment of the mixture at 600 °C.

Elucidating Influence of Mg- and Cu-Doping on Electrochemical Properties of O3-Na [Fe,Mn]O for Na-Ion Batteries.

Although O3-NaFe Mn O delivers a large capacity of over 150 mAh g in an aprotic Na cell, its moist-air stability and cycle stability are unsatisfactory for practical use. Slightly Na-deficient O3-Na Fe Mn O (O3-Na FeMn) and O3-Na Fe Mn Me O (Me = Mg or Cu, O3-FeMnMe) are newly synthesized. The Cu and Mg doping provides higher moist-air stability.

Development of KPF/KFSA Binary-Salt Solutions for Long-Life and High-Voltage K-Ion Batteries.

A series of binary-salt electrolytes of KPF/KN(SOF) (KFSA) in carbonate ester solvents have been developed for high-voltage K-ion batteries by clarifying the effect of salt ratio and different solvents on the physical properties of the electrolyte solutions and electrochemical performance of K-ion batteries. The KPF/KFSA carbonate ester solutions, such as KPF/KFSA ethylene carbonate (EC)/diethyl carbonate (DEC), exhibit higher ionic conductivity than single-salt KPF one, and higher KFSA content results in higher ionic conductivity. The KPF-rich binary-salt electrolytes with KPF/KFSA ratios of ≥3 (mol/mol) provide enough oxidation stability and passivation against Al corrosion at 4.

Structural Investigation of Quaternary Layered Oxides upon Na-Ion Deinsertion.

Na-ion batteries are emerging alternatives to Li-ion chemistries for large-scale energy storage applications. Quaternary layered oxide NaMnNiFeMgO offers outstanding electrochemical performance in Na-ion batteries compared to pure-phase layered oxides because of the synergistic effect of the P/O-phase mixing. The material is indeed constituted by a mixture of P3, P2, and O3 phases, and a newly identified Na-free phase, i.

Research Development on K-Ion Batteries.

Li-ion batteries (LIBs), commercialized in 1991, have the highest energy density among practical secondary batteries and are widely utilized in electronics, electric vehicles, and even stationary energy storage systems. Along with the expansion of their demand and application, concern about the resources of Li and Co is growing. Therefore, secondary batteries composed of earth-abundant elements are desired to complement LIBs.

Stable and Unstable Diglyme-Based Electrolytes for Batteries with Sodium or Graphite as Electrode.

We study the stability of several diglyme-based electrolytes in sodium|sodium and sodium|graphite cells. The electrolyte behavior for different conductive salts [sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaOTf), NaPF, NaClO, bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI), and sodium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI)] is compared and, in some cases, considerable differences are identified. Side reactions are studied with a variety of methods, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, online electrochemical mass spectrometry, and in situ electrochemical dilatometry.

Potassium Metal as Reliable Reference Electrodes of Nonaqueous Potassium Cells.

Potassium metal electrochemical cells are widely utilized to examine potassium insertion materials for nonaqueous potassium-ion batteries. However, large polarization during K plating-stripping and unstable rest potential are found at the potassium electrodes, which leads to an underestimation of the electrochemical performance of insertion materials. In this study, the electrochemical behavior of K-metal electrodes is systematically investigated.

Polyanionic Compounds for Potassium-Ion Batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries have the highest energy density among practical secondary batteries and are widely used for electronic devices, electric vehicles, and even stationary energy-storage systems. Along with the expansion of demand and applications, the concern about resources of lithium and cobalt is growing. Therefore, secondary batteries composed of abundant elements are required to complement lithium-ion batteries.

Concentration Effect of Fluoroethylene Carbonate on the Formation of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Layer in Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is an effective additive to improve the performance of Na-ion batteries (NIB). A recent experimental study has shown that a small amount of FEC enhances the NIB performance, whereas increasing the FEC amount deteriorates the performance. Toward understanding the microscopic mechanism of this observation, the dependency of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film formation on the FEC concentration has been investigated in a propylene carbonate (PC)-based electrolyte solution by using the Red Moon method.

Highly concentrated electrolyte solutions for 4 V class potassium-ion batteries.

Stable cycling of a 4 V-class potassium-ion battery is demonstrated with a highly concentrated potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)amide 1,2-dimethoxyethane solution as an electrolyte. Not only graphite and K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] half cells but also graphite//K2Mn[Fe(CN)6] full cells filled with the electrolyte exhibit higher coulombic efficiency and better cyclability than those of KPF6/carbonate ester solutions.

Poly-γ-glutamate Binder To Enhance Electrode Performances of P2-NaNiMnO for Na-Ion Batteries.

P2-NaNiMnO (P2-NiMn) is one of the promising positive electrode materials for high-energy Na-ion batteries because of large reversible capacity and high working voltage by charging up to 4.5 V versus Na/Na. However, the capacity rapidly decays during charge/discharge cycles, which is caused by the large volume shrinkage of ca.

Towards K-Ion and Na-Ion Batteries as "Beyond Li-Ion".

Li-ion battery commercialized by Sony in 1991 has the highest energy-density among practical rechargeable batteries and is widely used in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage system in the world. Moreover, the battery market is rapidly growing in the world and further fast-growing is expected. With expansion of the demand and applications, price of lithium and cobalt resources is increasing.

Tunable separations based on a molecular size effect for biomolecules by poly(ethylene glycol) gel-based capillary electrophoresis.

We report novel capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels for the effective separations of biomolecules containing sugars and DNAs based on a molecular size effect. The gel capillaries were prepared in a fused silica capillary modified with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylmethacrylate using a variety of the PEG-based hydrogels. After the fundamental evaluations in CGE regarding the separation based on the molecular size effect depending on the crosslinking density, the optimized capillary provided the efficient separation of glucose ladder (G1 to G20).

KVPOF and KVOPO toward 4 volt-class potassium-ion batteries.

Structurally identical KVPOF and KVOPO are evaluated as positive electrode materials for non-aqueous potassium-ion batteries. KVPOF and KVOPO show highly reversible potassium extraction/insertion with discharge capacities of ca. 92 mA h g and ca.

Remote Asymmetric Bromination Reaction with Vinylketene Silyl N,O-Acetal and Its Application to Total Synthesis of Pellasoren A.

Stereoselective bromination of the E,E-vinylketene silyl N,O-acetal possessing a chiral auxiliary has been achieved and applied to introduction of heteroatom at γ-position of α,β-unsaturated imide. The reactions proceeded in high stereoselectivity. Total synthesis of pellasoren A, an antitumor propionate from the myxobacteriun Sorangium cellulosum, has been accomplished in short steps by this methodology and our method of reduced polypropionate synthesis.