Performance of a new carbon dioxide absorbent, Yabashi lime® as compared to conventional carbon dioxide absorbent during sevoflurane anesthesia in dogs.

In the present study, we compare a new carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbent, Yabashi lime(®) with a conventional CO2 absorbent, Sodasorb(®) as a control CO2 absorbent for Compound A (CA) and Carbon monoxide (CO) productions. Four dogs were anesthetized with sevoflurane. Each dog was anesthetized with four preparations, Yabashi lime(®) with high or low-flow rate of oxygen and control CO2 absorbent with high or low-flow rate.

Inhibition of estrogen receptor beta-mediated human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene transcription via the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling plays an important role in 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2)-induced apoptosis in cancer cells.

The nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma plays a role in cancer development in addition to its role in glucose metabolism. The natural ligand of PPAR-gamma, namely, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)), has been shown to possess antineoplastic activity in cancer cells. However, the mechanism underlying its antineoplastic activity remains to be elucidated.

Mutations of the p53 gene and loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 17p13.1 are associated with increased survivin expression in breast cancer.

Expression of survivin, a member of the inhibitor-of-apoptosis (IAP) family, is elevated in fetal tissues and in various human cancers originating in the breast, lung, prostate, colon, pancreas, and stomach. Since overexpression of the survivin gene has been linked to poor patient survival in several cancers, survivin may be an important prognostic marker. Mechanisms up-regulating survivin gene expression in cancer are poorly understood.

PCD1, a novel gene containing PDZ and LIM domains, is overexpressed in human breast cancer and linked to lymph node metastasis.

Background: Despite surgical removal of the primary tumor of breast cancer in patients with apparently localized disease, relapse at local or distant sites may occur because undetectable micrometastases were present at the time of diagnosis. Identification of molecules associated with breast cancer metastasis suggests possible new treatments. PCD1, a gene encoding a new member of the PDZ and LIM domain-containing protein family, recently was identified.

A novel aspartate protease gene, ALP56, is related to morphological features of colorectal adenomas.

Background And Aims: The recently identified aspartate protease gene ALP56 is up-regulated in human malignant tumors, including colorectal cancers, but the relationship remain unclear between ALP56 gene expression and clinicopathological findings, as well as when genetic alterations in ALP56 occur during the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. We therefore investigated expression of ALP56 mRNA in various human colorectal tissues.

Materials And Methods: We examined 18 colorectal adenomas 22 cancers, and 24 adjacent normal mucosal samples from patients undergoing conventional resection or endoscopic mucosal resection.

A novel aspartic protease gene, ALP56, is up-regulated in human breast cancer independently from the cathepsin D gene.

Tumor cell invasion requires expression of degradative enzymes such as plasminogen activator, collagenase, and cathepsins. Cathepsin D, a lysosomal aspartic protease produced constitutively in human breast cancer cell lines, also has mitogenic activity in breast cancer cells. Additionally, high cathepsin D expression is associated with increased risk of metastasis in patients with node-negative breast cancer.

Enhanced expression of the UROC28 gene in human breast cancer: relationship to ERBB2 gene expression.

Background: ERBB2, a highly important oncogene in invasive breast cancer, is not only a prognostic factor but also a predictive marker for response to therapeutic agents. Recently, An et al. (10) identified a novel gene, UROC28, that is also overexpressed in breast cancer.