Cyclin E1 overexpression sensitizes ovarian cancer cells to WEE1 and PLK1 inhibition.

Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) amplification is associated with poor prognosis of ovarian carcinomas across histological subtypes. Inhibitors targeting PLK1 or WEE1 are emerging as promising therapeutic agents for cancer treatment that disrupt the critical G2/M checkpoint, leading to cancer cell death. However, biomarkers that predict the response to these inhibitors are not well defined.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Congenital Syphilis in Japan, 2023: Executive Summary.

Congenital syphilis (CS) is a mother-to-child infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum , transmitted through the placenta. In Japan, the number of syphilis cases has recently increased, accompanied by an increase in CS cases. Thus, automated methods for serum antibodies with serial values, without a 2× dilution sequence, have been widely used.

Cross-reactivity of antigenic binding sites of antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies in patients with pregnancy loss and epidermal growth factor.

Background: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) protein family is essential for implantation and maintenance of normal pregnancy. Results of our previous study on the high incidence of autoantibodies to EGF in patients with pregnancy loss indicated a strong association between EGF autoantibodies and antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies (aPS/PT), which are observed in the plasma of patients with thrombosis and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objectives: To investigate the association between EGF autoantibodies and aPS/PT in patients with pregnancy loss.

Fetus in the Abdominal Cavity After Uterine Rupture in a Primigravida Post-Adenomyosis Enucleation.

A 35-year-old primigravida with a history of adenomyosis enucleation was diagnosed with abnormal fetal position at 25 weeks of gestation. The patient presented with normal vital signs and no symptoms. A cardiotocogram and transabdominal ultrasound revealed a healthy fetus, normal amniotic fluid volume, and no intra-abdominal bleeding.

Annual report of the committee on gynecologic oncology, the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Annual patient report for 2021 and annual treatment report for 2016.

Aim: To provide information including the trend of gynecological malignancies in Japan, we hereby present the Annual Patient Report for 2021 and the Annual Treatment Report for 2016, on the outcomes of patients who started treatment in 2016.

Methods: The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology maintains an annual tumor registry, where information on gynecological malignancies from various participating institutions is gathered. The data of patients whose treatment with gynecologic malignancies was initiated in 2021 were analyzed retrospectively.

Prognostic impact of peritoneal cytology on treating endometrial cancer using data from the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology cancer registry.

Objective: The prognostic value and clinical usage of peritoneal cytology in endometrial cancer are uncertain. This study aimed to determine whether positive cytology is associated with the prognosis for endometrial cancer.

Methods: A Japanese nationwide retrospective registry study was conducted between 2012 and 2019.

Serum levels of stearic and dihomo-γ-linolenic acids can be used to diagnose cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Despite widespread cervical cancer (CC) screening programs, low participation has led to high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in developing countries. Because early-stage CC often has no symptoms, a non-invasive and convenient diagnostic method is needed to improve disease detection. In this study, we developed a new approach for differentiating both CC and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)2/3, a precancerous lesion, from healthy individuals by exploring CC fatty acid metabolic reprogramming.

Carcinogenesis and epidemiology of cervical cancer: The hallmark of human papillomavirus-associated cancer.

Cervical cancer affects women worldwide and is the most common human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer. Carcinogenesis caused by HPV results in specific cancer behavior because of the underlying viral infection. The mechanism and timing of the transformation from viral infection to cancer cells have been elucidated in detail.

Allelic loss of HLA class I facilitates evasion from immune surveillance in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) has been reported to occur in HLA regions in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. However, the details of how this is related to the progression of CIN have been unclear. In this study, we examined the human papillomavirus (HPV) antigen-presenting capacity of people with CIN and the significance of LOH of HLA class I in the progression of CIN.

Quality of care measurement for patients with ovarian cancer in Japan.

Aim: Quality of care is important to reduce disease progression, and improve both survival and quality of life. The Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology has published treatment guidelines to promote standardized high-quality care for ovarian cancer in Japan. We developed quality indicators based on the guideline recommendations and used them on large datasets of health service use to examine the quality of ovarian cancer care.

Epstein-barr virus infections induce aberrant osteoclastogenesis in immune system-humanized NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2RγC mice.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and other viral infections are possible triggers of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To analyze the causative relationship between EBV infections and RA development, we performed experiment on humanized NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2RγC (hu-NOG) mice reconstituted human immune system components and infected with EBV. In EBV-infected hu-NOG mice, breakdown of knee joint bones was found to be accompanied by the accumulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) (RANK) ligand (RANKL), a key factor in osteoclastogenesis, human CD19 and EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER)-bearing cells.

Immunotherapy that leverages HPV-specific immune responses for precancer lesions of cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer and its precursor lesion, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), are caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) viral infection and are highly susceptible to host immunity targeting of HPV viral proteins, which include both foreign antigens and cancer antigens expressed by tumors. Immunotherapy that induces Th1 immunoreactivity against viral proteins is expected to take advantage of this immunological regression mechanism. However, although cancer immunotherapies for cervical cancer and CIN have been developed over the past several decades, none have been commercialized.

Impact of COVID-19 on gynecological cancer incidence: a large cohort study in Japan.

Background: The influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the number of newly diagnosed gynecological cancers has not been extensively investigated in Japan. This study determined the impact of COVID-19 on the incidence of gynecological cancer.

Methods: Using the Japanese Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologic Oncology registry database, the distribution of the number of patients based on clinical staging or tumor-node-metastasis classifications before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was analyzed to compare the trends.

Identification of target cells of human papillomavirus 18 using squamocolumnar junction organoids.

Human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18) is a highly malignant HPV genotype among high-risk HPVs, characterized by the difficulty of detecting it in precancerous lesions and its high prevalence in adenocarcinomas. The cellular targets and molecular mechanisms underlying its infection remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the cells targeted by HPV18 and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying HPV18 replication.

SCD1 inhibition enhances the effector functions of CD8 T cells via ACAT1-dependent reduction of esterified cholesterol.

We previously reported that the inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) enhances the antitumor function of CD8 T cells indirectly via restoring production of DC recruiting chemokines by cancer cells and subsequent induction of antitumor CD8 T cells. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of direct enhancing effects of SCD1 inhibitors on CD8 T cells. In vitro treatment of CD8 T cells with SCD1 inhibitors enhanced IFN-γ production and cytotoxic activity of T cells along with decreased oleic acid and esterified cholesterol, which is generated by cholesterol esterase, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), in CD8 T cells.

Feasibility, accuracy and acceptability of self-sampled human papillomavirus testing using careHPV in Cambodia: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Self-sampled human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is a potential option for cervical cancer screening, but research is scarce in Cambodia. We evaluated the feasibility, accuracy, and acceptability of self-sampled HPV testing using careHPV.

Methods: A cross-sectional study including women aged 20-49 years attending 2 national hospitals in the capital city was conducted.

Serum Free Fatty Acid Changes Caused by High Expression of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 in Tumor Tissues Are Early Diagnostic Markers for Ovarian Cancer.

Unlabelled: Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis and is difficult to detect in early stages. Therefore, developing new diagnostic markers for early-stage ovarian cancer is critical. Here, we developed a diagnostic marker for early-stage ovarian cancer on the basis of fatty acid metabolism characteristics of cancer cells.

Risk stratification of invasive cervical cancer diagnosed after cervical conization.

Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) diagnosis is based on colposcopy-aided histological examination. However, its accuracy in CIN diagnosis is limited. Some invasive cervical cancers (ICCs) are diagnosed after cervical conization.

Successful surgical treatment of postmyomectomy uterine diverticulum: a case report.

Background: Uterine diverticulum is classified into congenital and acquired types. The acquired type is caused by caesarean scar syndrome, which occurs after caesarean section. There are no detailed reports on diverticulum after enucleation of uterine fibroids.