Female athlete triad affects rat intestinal morphology and sucrase-isomaltase expression.

Female athletes follow a strict diet and perform rigorous exercise to boost their performance, which induces health issues called the female athlete triad (FAT), defined as the combination of disordered eating, amenorrhoea and low bone mineral density. It is known to have a significant effect on bones. However, its effects on the small intestine, which is responsible for nutrient uptake into the body, remain unclear.

-acetyltaurine and Acetylcarnitine Production for the Mitochondrial Acetyl-CoA Regulation in Skeletal Muscles during Endurance Exercises.

During endurance exercises, a large amount of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA is produced in skeletal muscles from lipids, and the excess acetyl-CoA suppresses the metabolic flux from glycolysis to the TCA cycle. This study evaluated the hypothesis that taurine and carnitine act as a buffer of the acetyl moiety of mitochondrial acetyl-CoA derived from the short- and long-chain fatty acids of skeletal muscles during endurance exercises. In human subjects, the serum concentrations of acetylated forms of taurine (NAT) and carnitine (ACT), which are the metabolites of acetyl-CoA buffering, significantly increased after a full marathon.

Relationship between early-onset muscle soreness and indirect muscle damage markers and their dynamics after a full marathon.

Background/objective: Muscle soreness and damage occurs after completing a full marathon. Here we refer to muscle soreness induced by prolonged running as early-onset muscle soreness (EOMS) because muscle soreness and damage markers induced after prolonged running are different from delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and muscle damage markers induced after eccentric contraction, such as resistance exercise. The dynamics and relationship between muscle damage markers and EOMS are unclear; therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between EOMS and indirect muscle damage markers, and their dynamics after a full marathon.

Increased N-Acetyltaurine in the Skeletal Muscle After Endurance Exercise in Rat.

Taurine is metabolized to a novel metabolite, N-acetyltaurine (NAT), through N-acetylation with acetate. Furthermore, NAT production increases when the endogenous production of acetate is elevated in some situations, such as alcohol catabolism and endurance exercise. We have previously reported that both the serum concentration and urinary excretion of NAT from humans were increased after endurance exercise, and that NAT was secreted by cultured skeletal muscle cells exposed to both acetate and taurine.