Sparse wavefield reconstruction based on Physics-Informed neural networks.

In recent years, the widespread application of laser ultrasonic (LU) devices for obtaining internal material information has been observed. However, this approach demands a significant amount of time to acquire complete wavefield data. Hence, there is a necessity to reduce the acquisition time.

Resonance SERS probe based on the bifunctional molecule IR808 combined with SA test strips for highly sensitive detection of monkeypox virus.

As a zoonotic virus, highly sensitive detection of monkeypox virus is crucial for its prevention and control due to its rapid increase in cases worldwide and the extremely high risk of virus transmission. In this paper, based on the principle of antigen-antibody specific recognition, an ultrasensitive resonance Raman biosensing probe was prepared using a molecule with the bifunctionality of resonance Raman effect and capturing antibody; and with the strong affinity of the biotin-streptavidin (Bio-SA) system, Bio-antibody and SA test strips were prepared. To match the T-line of the test strip, a portable Raman instrument with a strip-shaped spot was designed.

Vision transformer-based multimodal fusion network for classification of tumor malignancy on breast ultrasound: A retrospective multicenter study.

Background: In the context of routine breast cancer diagnosis, the precise discrimination between benign and malignant breast masses holds utmost significance. Notably, few prior investigations have concurrently explored the integration of imaging histology features, deep learning characteristics, and clinical parameters. The primary objective of this retrospective study was to pioneer a multimodal feature fusion model tailored for the prediction of breast tumor malignancy, harnessing the potential of ultrasound images.

Arctiin suppress Th17 cells response and ameliorates experimental autoimmune uveitis through JAK/STAT signaling.

Conventional treatments for autoimmune uveitis, such as corticosteroids and systemic immunosuppressants, often result in adverse side effects, prompting the need for therapies targeting specific molecular pathways. This study investigates the effects of Arctiin, known for its diverse biological properties, on experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) through its action on Th17 cells and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Our findings reveal that Arctiin significantly alleviates EAU by reducing clinical scores, inflammatory cell infiltration, and levels of inflammatory cytokines like IL-17 and TNF-α in the eye.

IdenHerb: A strategy for identifying constitutive herbs of herbal products by screening exclusive ions of each herb from large-scale multi-group LC-MS data.

Identification of constitutive herbs in an herbal product is critical for ensuring its quality and efficacy. However, current identification methods often lack universality, entail long durations, and involve complex procedures. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop innovative methods for identifying constitutive herbs.

An unconventional separation method of α-Terpineol from its isomer 1,8-Cineole via in situ-association formation of deep eutectic solvent and machine learning.

α-Terpineol and 1,8-cineole are two important compounds in essential oils. This study developed an efficient method to recover α-terpineol from model oil (MO) based on association extraction by in situ formations of deep eutectic solvent (DES) between α-terpineol and some quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) by hydrogen-bond (HB) interaction. Such interaction could be broken almost completely by the introduction of water, due to the stronger HB interaction between water and QASs, which could release α-terpineol by liquid-liquid separation and save the organic solvents consumption.

A rare case of recurrent calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor in an adolescent patient: Case report and review of literature.

Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign odontogenic epithelial tumor characterized by the presence of amyloid material within the tumor that can undergo calcification. CEOT affects individuals across a broad age range, typically between 20 and 60 years, with an average onset age of 40 years. However, it is extremely rare in children and adolescents.

How do trees fail in intraspecific competition? A test for the roles of non-structural carbohydrates and stoichiometries in Pinus massoniana.

Competition is ubiquitous and an important driver of tree mortality. Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs, including soluble sugars and starch) and C-N-P stoichiometries are affected by the competitive status of trees and, in turn, physiologically determine tree growth and survival in competition. However, the physiological mechanisms behind tree mortality caused by intraspecific competition remain unclear.

Predictive value of insulin resistance metabolic score for cardiovascular disease in Chinese arthritis patients: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Although patients with arthritis have significantly increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, effective prediction tools remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR) for CVD events among Chinese patients with arthritis.

Methods: Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we conducted a 7-year prospective cohort study (2011-2018) involving 1,059 patients with arthritis.

Inhibitors of NADH-O-methylquinone compound a class of antitubercular drugs.

Disruption of the mycobacterial redox homeostasis leads to irreversible stress induction and cell death. Hydroquinone scaffolds, as a new type of redox cycling anti-tuberculosis chemotypes, exhibit potent bactericidal activity against non-replicating, nutrient-deprived phenotypically drug-resistant bacteria. Evidences from microbiological, biochemical, and genetic studies indicate that the redox-driven mode of action relies on the reduction of quinones by type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH2), generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) of bactericidal level.

Synergistic effects of mTOR inhibitors with VEGFR3 inhibitors on the interaction between TSC2-mutated cells and lymphatic endothelial cells.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare neoplastic disease affecting the lung, kidney, and lymphatic system with a molecular mechanism of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) mutations. Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D), a ligand for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3), is a diagnostic biomarker of LAM and is associated with lymphatic circulation abnormalities. This study explored the interaction between LAM cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and the effects of rapamycin on this interaction, which may help to identify new targets for LAM treatment.

Evaluation value of contrast enhanced ultrasound quantitative parameters in ischemic-type biliary lesions after liver transplantation-a prospectively study.

Purpose: To explore the evaluation value of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) quantitative parameters in ischemic-type biliary lesions after liver transplantation to assist its early-diagnosis.

Methods: Patients who underwent liver transplantation and intravenous CEUS at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 25, 2020 to December 28, 2022 and were diagnosed with Ischemic-type biliary lesions (ITBLs) by Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) or Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography (PTC) were prospectively enrolled. SonoLiver software was used to quantitatively analyze the contrast images, transplanted livers with normal biliary tracts as the control group.

Aurovertins from a Marine-Derived Species and Nonenzymatic Reactions in Their Formation.

Six new aurovertins (-) and a new citreoviridin derivative (), together with six known analogues (-), were isolated from the marine-derived sp. OUCMDZ-5930. Their structures were determined based on detailed spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculations.

Synthesis of 1,4-Diketones from Esters Enabled by a Tetraborylethane Reagent.

A modular synthesis method for 1,4-diketones has been developed. Utilizing inexpensive carboxylic acid esters as carbonyl sources and tetraborylethane () as a nucleophilic reagent, a one-pot strategy for constructing two C-C bonds was established. Notably, this reaction proceeds without the involvement of transition metals and exhibits excellent functional group compatibility.

CRISPR-Cas12a-Mediated Growth of Gold Nanoparticles for DNA Detection in Agarose Gel.

The rapid, simple, and sensitive detection of nucleic acid biomarkers plays a significant role in clinical diagnosis. Herein, we develop a label-free and point-of-care approach for isothermal DNA detection through the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR-Cas12 and the growth of gold nanomaterials in agarose gel. The presence of the target can activate CRISPR-Cas12a to cleave single-stranded DNA, thus modulating the length and number of DNA sequences that mediate the growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) or gold nanorods (AuNRs).

Quantitative Evaluation of Multiple Treatment Regimens for Treatment-Resistant Depression.

Objective: This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) across oral, intravenous, and intranasal routes to inform clinical guidelines.

Methods: A systematic review identified randomized controlled trials on TRD, with efficacy measured by changes in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). We developed pharmacodynamic and covariate models for different administration routes, using Monte Carlo simulations to estimate efficacy distribution.

Efficient and Rapid Generation of Neural Stem Cells by Direct Conversion Fibroblasts with Single microRNAs.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have great potentials in the application of neurodegenerative disease therapy, drug screening, and disease modeling. However, current approaches for induced NSCs (iNSCs) generation from somatic cells are still slow and inefficient. Here we establish a rapid and efficient method of iNSCs generation from human and mouse fibroblasts by single microRNAs (miR-302a).

Clinical diagnostic value and potential regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA NOP14-AS1 in chronic kidney disease.

In the early stages, chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be asymptomatic, marking diagnosis difficult. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role and potential regulatory mechanisms of nucleolar protein 14 (NOP14) -antisense RNA 1 (AS1) in patients with CKD. Herein, 68 patients with CKD, 65 patients with CKD undergoing peridialysis, and 80 healthy adults were included.

Identifying protected health information by transformers-based deep learning approach in Chinese medical text.

In the context of Chinese clinical texts, this paper aims to propose a deep learning algorithm based on Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) to identify privacy information and to verify the feasibility of our method for privacy protection in the Chinese clinical context. We collected and double-annotated 33,017 discharge summaries from 151 medical institutions on a municipal regional health information platform, developed a BERT-based Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Model (BiLSTM) and Conditional Random Field (CRF) model, and tested the performance of privacy identification on the dataset. To explore the performance of different substructures of the neural network, we created five additional baseline models and evaluated the impact of different models on performance.

2024 White Paper on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis: Evolution of Immunogenicity Assessment beyond ADA/NAb; Regulated Genomic/NGS Assays; Hypersensitivity Reactions; Minimum Noise Reduction; False Positive Range; Modernized Vaccine Approaches; NAb/TAb Correlation - Recommendations on Advanced Strategies for Molecular Assays and Immunogenicity of Gene Therapy, Cell Therapy, Vaccine; Biotherapeutics Immunogenicity Assessment & Clinical Relevance - Regulatory Agencies' Input on Immunogenicity/Technologies of Biotherapeutics, Gene, Cell & Vaccine Therapies).

The 18 Workshop on Recent Issues in Bioanalysis (18 WRIB) took place in San Antonio, TX, USA on May 6-10, 2024. Over 1100 professionals representing pharma/biotech companies, CROs, and multiple regulatory agencies convened to actively discuss the most current topics of interest in bioanalysis. The 18 WRIB included 3 Main Workshops and 7 Specialized Workshops that together spanned 1 week to allow an exhaustive and thorough coverage of all major issues in bioanalysis of biomarkers, immunogenicity, gene therapy, cell therapy and vaccines.

The Role of NF-κB/MIR155HG in Regulating the Stemness and Radioresistance in Breast Cancer Stem Cells.

Background: Breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are instrumental in treatment resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. The development of breast cancer and radiation sensitivity is intimately pertinent to long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This work is formulated to investigate how the lncRNA affects the stemness and radioresistance of BCSCs.

Reconstruction of anterior talofibular ligament and posterior tibiotalar ligament enhance ankle stability after total talus replacement by finite element analysis.

Total talus replacement has been demonstrated to increase ankle instability. However, no studies have explored how to enhance postoperative stability. This study aims to explore the effect of collateral ligament reconstruction on ankle stability by finite element analysis.

The Application Value of an Artificial Intelligence-Driven Intestinal Image Recognition Model to Evaluate Intestinal Preparation before Colonoscopy.

Artificial intelligence (AI), with advantages such as automatic feature extraction and high data processing capacity and being unaffected by fatigue, can accurately analyze images obtained from colonoscopy, assess the quality of bowel preparation, and reduce the subjectivity of the operating physician, which may help to achieve standardization and normalization of colonoscopy. In this study, we aimed to explore the value of using an AI-driven intestinal image recognition model to evaluate intestinal preparation before colonoscopy. In this retrospective analysis, we analyzed the clinical data of 98 patients who underwent colonoscopy in Nantong First People's Hospital from May 2023 to October 2023.

Efficacy of General Magnetic Therapy and Motor-Evoked Potential-Guided Precision Magnetic Therapy in Patients with Overactive Bladder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent chronic condition affecting approximately 12% of adults, with incidence increasing with age. While pharmacological and behavioural therapies are standard treatments, their efficacy is often limited by side effects and poor adherence. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of precision magnetic stimulation guided by motor-evoked potential with general magnetic therapy in patients with OAB.