Intrinsic mechanisms and spatial effects of multidimensional urbanization and carbon emissions.

Existing studies on urbanization and carbon emissions are mostly based on a single pathway and lack the support of a theoretical framework. This study innovatively integrates Grossman's perspective of environmental effects analysis to develop a new framework to interpret the mechanism of multidimensional urbanization (MU) and carbon emissions (CEs). We first explored the spatial effects of MUs and CEs in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUA) and then introduced the "population-land-economic" urbanization variables into the S-STIRPAT model to determine the impact mechanisms of each factor on CEs under different urbanization dimensions.