Advances in understanding the role of interleukins in pulmonary fibrosis (Review).

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, irreversible disease characterized by heterogeneous interstitial lung tissue damage. It originates from persistent or repeated lung epithelial injury and leads to the activation and differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Interleukins (ILs) are a group of lymphokines crucial for immunomodulation that are implicated in the pathogenesis of PF.

Ultrasonic Treatment of Soybean Protein Isolate: Unveiling the Mechanisms for Gel Functional Improvement and Application in Chiba Tofu.

Soybean protein isolate (SPI) cannot meet the needs of modern food production due to various shortcomings. By change of its structural characteristics, its application in the food field may be increased. This study explored the impact of ultrasonic treatment on the structural and gelation properties of the SPI dispersions.

Extraction, Identification, and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids from (Boreau) H. Ohba.

The extraction of total flavonoids from (Boreau) H. Ohba () leaves was studied through the use of a double enzyme-assisted ultrasonic method, and the extraction process was optimized using the Box-Behnken design. Eight different macroporous resins were screened for purification in single-factorial experiments, and the flavonoid compounds in the extract of leaves were identified using HPLC-MS.

Extracellular vesicle-derived miR-146a as a novel crosstalk mechanism for high-fat induced atherosclerosis by targeting SMAD4.

Introduction: Exosome-miR-146a is significantly increased in patients with Atherosclerosis (AS), but its mechanism and effect on AS have not been fully elucidated.

Objectives: To explore the change rule and mechanism of exosomes release, and the role and molecular mechanism of exosome-miR-146a in AS.

Methods: We isolated and identified exosomes from THP-1 macrophages after treating them with ox-LDL.

Extraction, Purification, Sulfated Modification, and Biological Activities of Dandelion Root Polysaccharides.

In this study, polysaccharides were extracted at a rate of 87.5% ± 1.5% from native dandelion roots, and the dandelion root polysaccharides (DRPs) were then chemically modified to obtain sulfated polysaccharides (SDRPs) with a degree of substitution of 1.

Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of Schisandrin C for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Autophagy Pathway.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cardiovascular disease that poses a major threat to health. is a medicinal and edible plant that is commonly used to treat cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, HPLC was used to detect and analyze 5 different components in .

Sustainability in the green engineering of nanocomposites based on marine-derived polysaccharides and collagens: A review.

Nanocomposites are sophisticated materials that incorporate nanostructures into matrix materials, such as polymers, ceramics and metals. Generally, the marine ecosystem exhibits severe variability in terms of light, temperature, pressure, and nutrient status, forcing the marine organisms to develop variable, complex and unique chemical structures to boost their competitiveness and chances of survival. Polymers sourced from marine creatures, such as chitin, chitosan, alginate, sugars, proteins, and collagen play a crucial role in the bioengineering field, contributing significantly to the development of nanostructures like nanoparticles, nanocomposites, nanotubes, quantum dots, etc.

Exploring the anti-skin inflammation substances and mechanism of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Flower via network pharmacology-HPLC integration.

Background: Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PL) is widely used in China as a homologous plant of medicine and food. PL flower is rich in bioactive substances with anti-inflammatory effects, while the pathogenesis of skin inflammation is complex and the specific mechanism is not clear, the current treatment of skin inflammation is mainly hormonal drugs, and hormonal drugs have obvious toxic side effects.

Thymus as Incontrovertible Target of Future Immune Modulatory Therapeutics.

Thymus plays a crucial role in cellular immunity by acting as a warehouse for proliferating and differentiating lymphocytes. Thymic stromal cells educate T-cells to differentiate self from non-self antigens while nurse cells and thymoproteasome play a major role in the maturation and differentiation of T-cells. The thymic conditions dictate T-cells to cope with the risk of cancer development.

Mechanochemical-Assisted Extraction and Biological Activity Research of Phenolic Compounds from Lotus Seedpod ().

To explore the feasibility of the mechanochemical-assisted extraction (MCAE) of phenolic compounds from lotus seedpod (), a single-factor experiment combined with response-surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction process. The results showed the optimal extraction conditions as follows: LiCO as a solid reagent (25%), an extraction time of 80 min, liquid/solid ratio of 42.8 mL/g, and extraction temperature of 80.

Exploring the molecular mechanism of Artemisia rupestris L. for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma via PI3K/AKT pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common gastrointestinal malignancy in China. Most tumors develop from chronic inflammation. Artemisia rupestris L.

Targeted intervention of natural medicinal active ingredients and traditional Chinese medicine on epigenetic modification: Possible strategies for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a deadly consequence of cardiovascular disease and has very high mortality rate worldwide. The epigenetic modifications can regulate the pervasiveness and progression of atherosclerosis through its involvement in regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism and several other factors. Specific non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modifications are key regulatory factors of atherosclerosis.

Fabrication and Characterization of Complex Coacervation: The Integration of Sesame Protein Isolate-Polysaccharides.

The exceptional biocompatibility of emulsion systems that rely on stabilizing protein-polysaccharide particles presents extensive possibilities for the transportation of bioactive carriers, making them highly promising for various biological applications. The current work aimed to explore the phenomenon of complex coacervation between sesame protein isolate (SPI) and four distinct polysaccharides, namely, Arabic gum (GA), carrageenan (CAR), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and sodium alginate (SA). The study objective was achieved by fabricating emulsions through the blending of these polymers with oil at their maximum turbidity level (φ = 0.

Screening the effective components of Suanzaoren decoction on the treatment of chronic restraint stress induced anxiety-like mice by integrated chinmedomics and network pharmacology.

Background: Suanzaoren decoction (SZRD) is a classical traditional Chinese prescription. It is widely used to treat mental disorders, including insomnia, anxiety, and depression, in China and other Asian countries. However, the effective components and mechanisms underlying SZRD remained unclear.

Crosstalk between melatonin and reactive oxygen species in fruits and vegetables post-harvest preservation: An update.

Fruits and vegetables contain numerous nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds, and dietary fibers. They reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and the risk of certain chronic diseases, and improve the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. Moreover, melatonin was found in various fruits and vegetables species.

Total flavonoid extract from Dracocephalum moldavica L. improves pulmonary fibrosis by reducing inflammation and inhibiting the hedgehog signaling pathway.

Dracocephalum Moldavica L. is a traditional herb for improving pharynx and relieving cough. However, the effect on pulmonary fibrosis is not clear.

[Mechanism of total flavonoid extract from Dracocephalum moldavica on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice based on pyroptosis pathway].

This study investigated the mechanism of total flavonoid extract from Dracocephalum moldavica(TFDM) in mice with bleomycin(BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis(PF) and explored its mechanism against the pyroptosis pathway. A mouse model of PF was established by intratracheal infusion of bleomycin(4 mg·kg~(-1)), and the normal group was treated with the same dose of saline under the same conditions. After the second day of modeling, the distilled water was given to the normal and model groups by gavage, and the corresponding drug were given to the TFDM and the dexamethasone groups for 28 consecutive days.

Integrating metabolomics and network pharmacology to investigate Panax japonicus prevents kidney injury in HFD/STZ-induced diabetic mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Panax japonicus C. A. Meye (PJ) has unique effects on diseases by "qi" stagnation and blood stasis in ancient.

Design of a novel integrated microfluidic chip for continuous separation of circulating tumor cells from peripheral blood cells.

Cancer is one of the foremost causes of death globally. Late-stage presentation, inaccessible diagnosis, and treatment are common challenges in developed countries. Detection, enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) as early as possible can reportedly lead to more effective treatment.

miRNAs from Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Are Signatory Noninvasive Prognostic Biomarkers against Atherosclerosis in LDLrMice.

Circular microRNAs (miRNAs) have become central in pathophysiological conditions of atherosclerosis (AS). However, the biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutics against AS are still unclear. The atherosclerosis models in low-density lipoprotein receptor deficiency (LDLr) mice were established with a high-fat diet (HFD).

Fabrication and characterization of ZnO nanofilms using extracted pectin of Premna microphylla Turcz leaves and carboxymethyl cellulose.

The current study sought to fabricate pectin nano-films from Premna microphylla Turcz (PMTP) leaves using a combination of ZnO-carboxymethyl cellulose. The rheological and physical properties of fabricated nano-ZnO films were studied. Spectroscopy FT-IR, microscopic study (SEM), thermogravimetry (TG), and XRD were applied to characterize the fabricated film.

Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates blood-brain barrier disruption and traumatic brain injury attenuating macrophages derived exosomes miR-21 release.

During the traumatic brain injury (TBI), improved expression of circulatory miR-21 serves as a diagnostic feature. Low levels of exosome-miR-21 in the brain can effectively improve neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, reduce nerve apoptosis, restore neural function and ameliorate TBI. We evaluated the role of macrophage derived exosomes-miR-21 (M-Exos-miR-21) in disrupting BBB, deteriorating TBI, and Rg1 interventions.

Identification of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of Premna microphylla Turcz. stem through UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS.

Premna microphylla Turcz. is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine totreatdysentery and appendicitis. Present study is focused to explore antioxidants and other compounds in the Premna microphylla Turcz.

Green and Efficient Extraction Approach for Polyphenol Recovery from Lotus Seedpods (Receptaculum Nelumbinis): Gas-Assisted Combined with Glycerol.

In this paper, the gas-assisted combined with glycerol extraction (GAGE) for polyphenol recovery from lotus seedpods (LSPs) was modeled and optimized. Box-Behnken design was applied to optimize the total polyphenol content (TPC) of LSP along with enhancing antioxidant activities using response surface methodology based on the TPC extraction yield (%), which was affected by glycerol concentration, time, temperature, and glycerol-to-solid ratio. The optimal conditions for the LSP extract were glycerol-to-solid ratio, 42 mL/g; time, 50 min; concentration of glycerol, 45%; and temperature, 70 °C.