Prognostic factors for aggressiveness in subcentimeter papillary thyroid carcinoma: impact of tumor size and lymph node metastases.

Objective: Subcentimeter papillary thyroid carcinoma (sPTC), also known as papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, is associated with a good prognosis and low mortality risk. However, some sPTCs exhibit biologically aggressive characteristics. The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the prognosis and aggressiveness of sPTC by considering the demographic characteristics of patients with sPTC and the pathologic characteristics of the tumors.

Prevalence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma is Significantly Higher in Graves Disease with Synchronous Thyroid Nodules.

Objective: The association between autoimmunity-related tissue injury and thyroid cancer development remains an area of interest. Evidence suggests that patients with Graves disease (GD) may have an elevated risk for differentiated thyroid cancer. Multicenter studies are needed to gain insight into the correlates of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) identified in this particular group of patients.

Granulation Patterns of Functional Corticotroph Tumors Correlate with Tumor Size, Proliferative Activity, T2 Intensity-to-White Matter Ratio, and Postsurgical Early Biochemical Remission.

Unlike somatotroph tumors, the data on correlates of tumor granulation patterns in functional TPIT lineage pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (corticotroph tumors) have been less uniformly documented in most clinical series. This study evaluated characteristics of 41 well-characterized functional corticotroph tumors consisting of 28 densely granulated corticotroph tumors (DGCTs) and 13 sparsely granulated corticotroph tumors (SGCTs) with respect to preoperative clinical and radiological findings, tumor proliferative activity (including mitotic count and Ki-67 labeling index), and postoperative early biochemical remission rates. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) tumor size was significantly larger in the SGCT group [16.

Comparative evaluation of shear wave elastography elasticity values in thyroid nodules with cytology results and TI-RADS scoring in differentiation of benign-malignant nodules.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography (SWE) in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules and their correlation with the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS).

Methods: This prospective study included 370 thyroid nodules in 308 patients aged 18-70 years. All the patients underwent B-mode ultrasound (US), Doppler examination, and SWE and were given an ACR TI-RADS risk score before fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and/or surgery.

Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV) Prevalence in the Black Sea Region of Turkey: Primary HPV Screening for Cervical Cancer.

Objective: Planning vaccination and treatment options requires knowledge about the regional incidence of human papillomavirus infection (HPV) and its genotypes. The aim of our study was to determine the regional prevalence of HPV with genotypic subclassification and to evaluate the efficacy of HPV testing in cervical screening.  Material and Method: This retrospective cohort study analyzed records of 10,152 women aged 30-65 from the On Dokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty's Gynecology Clinic, excluding those with a history of cervical disease, hysterectomy, or current pregnancy.

Assessment of the Psychological Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder.

Background: The pandemic caused by the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the mental health of the general population, leading to an increase in depression, anxiety and stress. The results of the studies on the psychological effects of the pandemic in patients with psychiatric illnesses were contradictory in that some reported higher adverse effects in patients with psychiatric illnesses compared to the healthy control subjects, whereas some did not. Thus, the aim of this study is to compare the patients with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder and the healthy control subjects in terms of certain psychological parameters during the pandemic period.

Comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis based on the origin of leiomyosarcoma.

Diagnostic criteria, biological behavior, and treatment approaches of leiomyosarcomas (LMS) may differ according to the origin of the tumor. This is important in terms of patient's management, especially in tumors located in the peritoneum and retroperitoneal sites. In our study, we aimed to demonstrate the immunophenotypic characteristics of uterine and extra-uterine LMS using a large antibody panel, and to determine whether they potentially play a role in the differences among these tumor groups.

Bilirubin Measurement Through a Smartphone Application in Preterm Infants.

Backround: Aim of the present study is to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of an smartphone application for monitore of bilirubin levels in preterm infants.

Methods: Preterm infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit with gestational age of<35 weeks were included. Exclusion criteria were parental reluctance and requirement of phototherapy in the last 12 hours.

Clinical predictors of ectopic parathyroid adenomas: experience with 421 confirmed parathyroid adenoma localizations.

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate whether patients with ectopic parathyroid adenoma (EPA) have clinical predictors by comparing them with other patients operated on for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) with uniglandular parathyroid adenomas in other localizations.

Methods: The data of PHPT patients who underwent parathyroidectomy in our institution were assessed retrospectively. Abnormal gland localization was confirmed by operative and pathology reports as well as normocalcemia that lasted for at least 6 months postoperatively.

Laparoscopic resection of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst clinically presenting like adrenal cyst.

Bronchogenic cyst that is localized to retroperitoneum is a rare clinical entity. It is a congenital malformation generally occuring in the posterior mediastinum due to abnormal development of the foregut. We report the case of a retroperitoneal cyst presented like left adrenal cyst.

Malignant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Uterus as Part of the Hereditary Cancer Syndrome: A Case Diagnosed with Multiple Malignancies.

A perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is an uncommon mesenchymal tumor composed of perivascular epithelioid cells. These tumor cells show variable immunoreactivity for both melanocytic and myogenic markers. Occurrence of PEComa has been reported at various anatomical sites, including the gynecological tract, uterus being the most common.

Age, GH/IGF-1 levels, tumor volume, T2 hypointensity, and tumor subtype rather than proliferation and invasion are all reliable predictors of biochemical response to somatostatin analogue therapy in patients with acromegaly: A clinicopathological study.

Purpose: To determine whether biochemical responses to long-acting forms of first-generation somatostatin analogue (SSA) therapy in patients with acromegaly could be predicted from baseline and postoperative hormone concentrations, and tumor radiological and histopathological characteristics.

Methods: A total of 68 patients with acromegaly for whom postoperative SSA therapy was started were categorized according to their responses to treatment (SSA-responders vs. non-responders).

Diffusion-weighted MRI at 3T in Endometrial Cancer: Correlation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient with Histopathological Prognostic Parameters.

Objective: To evaluate the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the differentiation of histological subtypes in endometrial cancer, and to assess if ADC values correlate with histopathological parameters.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University between January 2016 and December 2019.

PD-L1 Expression in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathological Findings.

< strong > Objective: < /strong > Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare tumor originating from parafollicular C cells. It has more aggressive biologic behavior than differentiated thyroid carcinomas, and it is insensitive to treatment with radioactive iodine. Vandetanib and cabozantinib are the newly approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced stages, but novel effective systemic therapeutics could be crucial and needed for the clinical management of these patients.

Clinicopathological variables that correlate with sestamibi positivity in uniglandular parathyroid disease: a retrospective analysis of 378 parathyroid adenomas.

Purpose: Technetium-99 m sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy (MIBI scan) has been used to localize abnormal glands in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism to guide parathyroidectomy. This series aimed to identify the biochemical and histopathological correlates of MIBI scan findings in patients with parathyroid adenoma.

Methods: A total of 378 patients with histologically and biochemically proven parathyroid adenoma were included.

Use of BRAF immunohistochemistry as a screening test in detecting BRAF mutation in melanomas.

Objective: BRAF mutation is detected in 50-70% of melanomas. The molecular methods used to detect BRAF mutations are 80-90% sensitive, specific, and expensive methods. Immunohistochemistry is a relatively common, rapid, relatively inexpensive method in pathology practice compared to molecular techniques.

Comparison of 5 Thyroid Ultrasound Stratification Systems for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Nodules and to Avoid Biopsy Using Histology as Reference Standard.

Objective: We aimed to compare the thyroid ultrasound risk stratification systems (RSSs) of the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS), European TI-RADS, Korean TI-RADS, and American Thyroid Association (ATA), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Endocrinology, and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi guidelines to differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodules and to avoid unnecessary fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods: The records of 1143 nodules ≥1 cm that underwent FNA biopsy and thyroidectomy between 2012 and 2020 at our institution were reviewed. Ultrasound categories and FNA recommendation indications of 5 international RSSs were compared with histopathological findings as benign or malignant.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Metabolic Phenotype of Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma.

Metabolic reprogramming is a cellular process contributing to carcinogenesis. However, it remains poorly understood in adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC), an aggressive malignancy with overall poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. We characterized the metabolic phenotype of ACC, by examining the immunoprofile of key proteins involved in glucose metabolism, hexokinase (HK1), pyruvate kinase (PKM1, PKM2), succinate dehydrogenase (SDHB), and phospho-S6 ribosomal protein (pS6), in a tissue microarray of 137 adrenal cortical tissue samples.

Do You Know the Details of Your PAX8 Antibody? Monoclonal PAX8 (MRQ-50) Is Not Expressed in a Series of 45 Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas.

Medullary thyroid carcinomas display cytologic and architectural features that can simulate various primary and metastatic neoplasms. PAX8 immunoexpression in neuroendocrine neoplasms yielded antibody-dependent findings. Since the data regarding the expression profile of monoclonal PAX8 (MRQ-50) antibody is limited in large series of medullary thyroid carcinomas, this study investigated the expression profile of PAX8 (MRQ-50) in a series of 45 medullary thyroid carcinomas.

The Frequency of Human Papilloma Virus in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

The association of HPV in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is investigated in several studies but controversial results are established. This study aimed to investigate the HPV DNA positivity in LSCC patients diagnosed and treated in two otorhinolaryngology referral centres in northern region of Turkey. The study was planned as a retrospective investigation of LSCC patients.

GATA3 immunoreactivity expands the transcription factor profile of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.

The modern classification of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors relies mainly on immunohistochemistry for pituitary transcription factors, hormones, and other biomarkers, including low molecular weight cytokeratins. The transcription factor GATA2 is required for development of gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs but has not been used for classification of pituitary tumors. Because of genomic paralogy of GATA2 and GATA3, we postulated that GATA3 immunohistochemistry may detect GATA2 in the adenohypophysis.

Laparoscopic resection of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst clinically presenting as adrenal cyst.

Bronchogenic cyst localized in the retroperitoneum is a rare clinical entity. It is a congenital malformation generally occurring in the posterior mediastinum due to the abnormal development of the foregut. We report the case of a retroperitoneal cyst presenting as left adrenal cyst.

Cervical Cancer Presenting as an Omental Cake.

In women, peritoneal carcinomatosis usually originates from primary ovarian cancer. We report a case of omental cake as the initial presentation of a cervical cancer, which is extremely rare for this disease. F-FDG PET/CT imaging demonstrated diffuse hypermetabolic abdominopelvic peritoneal carcinomatosis originating from cervical cancer that was confirmed by histopathologically.