Closed-loop theranostic microgels for immune microenvironment modulation and microbiota remodeling in ulcerative colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by the upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dysfunction of gut immune system, and microbiota. The conventional treatments mainly focus on symptom control with medication by overuse of drugs. There is an urgent need to develop a closed-loop strategy that combines in situ monitoring and precise treatment.

A national-scale assessment of land subsidence in China's major cities.

China's massive wave of urbanization may be threatened by land subsidence. Using a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry technique, we provided a systematic assessment of land subsidence in all of China's major cities from 2015 to 2022. Of the examined urban lands, 45% are subsiding faster than 3 millimeters per year, and 16% are subsiding faster than 10 millimeters per year, affecting 29 and 7% of the urban population, respectively.

Using a Dynamic Hydrophilization Strategy to Achieve Nanodispersion, Full Wetting, and Precise Delivery of Hydrophobic Pesticide.

Various strategies have been developed to improve the applicability of hydrophobic pesticides for better effectiveness in agriculture. However, existing formulations of hydrophobic pesticides still suffer from complicated processing, abused organic solvents, indispensable surfactants, or inescapable ecotoxicity, which strictly limit their applications. Herein, a dynamic covalent bond tailored pesticide (fipronil) amphiphile is constructed to address the above issues, which accomplishes the nanodispersion, full wetting, and precise delivery without organic solvents, surfactants, and materials simultaneously.

A facile one-pot route to fabricate clothianidin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles with biocompatibility and long-term efficacy.

Background: Neonicotinoids are among the most essential chemical insecticides worldwide because of their high activity against many important pests and wide application. However, their application is limited by their toxicity to honeybees. Therefore, the development of a facile route to fabricate efficient and eco-friendly pesticide formulations is of great significance.

Recent Advances in Biomaterials-Based Therapies for Alleviation and Regeneration of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a major public health problem accompanied with numerous complications, usually leads to serve disability and huge financial burden. The adverse and unfavorable pathological environment triggers a series of secondary injuries, resulting in serious loss of nerve function and huge obstacle of endogenous nerve regeneration. With the advances in adaptive tissue regeneration biomaterials, regulation of detrimental microenvironment to reduce the secondary injury and to promote the neurogenesis becomes possible.

Promising Delivery Platform for Smart Pest Control with High Water-Retaining Capacity.

Hydrogels have been extensively used in agriculture to improve crop yields for their excellent properties. However, they are currently used either as pesticide delivery platforms or water retention agents alone; the combination of these two functions into one agricultural hydrogel formulation has never been reported, which is crucial to promote sustainable development in agriculture. Herein, using poly(β-cyclodextrin) and adamantane-grafted poly(acrylic acid) (PAA-Ada) as the host and guest, respectively, an easy operating, multi-responsive, and safer hydrogel delivery system for insecticides is fabricated by the host-guest interaction between cyclodextrin and adamantane, which can load uniformly dispersed insecticides (fipronil, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam) up to 60%.

The simple strategy to improve pesticide bioavailability and minimize environmental risk by effective and ecofriendly surfactants.

Low pesticide efficiency has caused serious environmental pollution and economic loss, which are closely related to each link in the targeted delivery of pesticides. However, the existing strategies for improving pesticide utilization rate are not comprehensive, and the regulation of foliar absorption and biological activity has been neglected. As surfactants are the most important agricultural synergists, the impact, wetting, adhesion, and leaf retention behaviors of pyraclostrobin (PYR) droplets containing the surfactant Triton X (TX) series on hydrophobic scallion leaf surfaces were studied.

Simple, Effective, and Ecofriendly Strategy to Inhibit Droplet Bouncing on Hydrophobic Weed Leaves.

Despite small-molecule surfactants and polymers being widely used as pesticide adjuvants to inhibit droplet bouncing and splashing, they still have intrinsic drawbacks either in the easy wind drift and evaporation, the unfavorable wettability, or the usage of nonrenewable resources. In this paper, we found that upon droplet impacting, 1D nanofibers assembled from natural glycyrrhizic acid (GL) could pin on the rough hydrophobic surface and delay the retraction rate of droplets effectively. Using GL as a tank-mixed adjuvant, the efficiency of glyphosate to control the weed growth was improved significantly in the field experiment, which addressed the dilemmas of current adjuvants elegantly.

Multiple modulations of supramolecular assemblies from a natural triterpenoid-tailored bipyridinium amphiphile.

As the applications of supramolecular assemblies are ultimately inscribed in their nanostructures, strategies that can precisely fabricate and regulate supramolecular architectures from small molecules are of great importance. Herein, in this research multiple modulations of supramolecular assembled structures of a natural triterpenoid-tailored bipyridinium amphiphile, 1-[2-(methyl glycyrrhetate)-2-oxoethyl]-[4,4']bipyridinium bromide (MGBP), have been achieved by adjusting solvents or counterions. Depending on the polarity of solvents, MGBP assembled into nanofibers, helices, pentagon and hexagon microsheets, respectively.

Biobased polymeric surfactant: Natural glycyrrhizic acid-appended homopolymer with multiple pH-responsiveness.

Even though amphiphilic natural products have been widely employed in cosmetics, food, and pesticide formulations, the development of a compound with stimuli-responsiveness is still highly significant. Inspired by the low cost, biocompatibility, pH resistance and amphiphilicity of natural glycyrrhizic acid (Gly), we designed and synthesized an amphiphilic homopolymer, namely, poly(glycyrrhizic acid) (PGly), via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The two carboxylic groups on the side chain of PGly promoted it as a multiple pH-responsive polymeric surfactant.

The effects of triazophos on the trehalose content, trehalase activity and their gene expression in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

A previous study demonstrated that the flight capacity of Nilaparvata lugens adults treated with triazophos was enhanced significantly. However, the physiological and regulative mechanisms of the flight enhancement are not well understood. Trehalose is a primary blood sugar in insects, and the enzyme trehalase is involved in energy metabolism.