Half-Century Scientometric Analysis: Unveiling the Excellence of Fungi as Biocontrol Agents and Biofertilisers.

Reducing the use of chemical inputs is becoming a major challenge in developing sustainable agriculture. Fungi, known as biocontrol agents (BCAs) and biofertilisers, are crucial in scientific research and are celebrated for their efficacy, eco-friendliness, and multifaceted roles. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on 5349 articles related to fungi as BCAs and biofertilisers over the past half-century using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database.

Lig3-dependent rescue of mouse viability and DNA double-strand break repair by catalytically inactive Lig4.

Recent studies have revealed a structural role for DNA ligase 4 (Lig4) in the maintenance of a repair complex during non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) of DNA double-strand breaks. In cultured cell lines, catalytically inactive Lig4 can partially alleviate the severe DNA repair phenotypes observed in cells lacking Lig4. To study the structural role of Lig4 in vivo, a mouse strain harboring a point mutation to Lig4's catalytic site was generated.

Construction and application of highly efficient waste cooking oil degrading bacteria consortium in oily wastewater.

The treatment of cooking oil wastewater is an urgent issue need to be solved. We aimed to screen for efficient oil-degrading bacteria and develop a new microbial agent for degrading waste cooking oil in oily wastewater. Three extremely effective oil-degrading bacteria, known as YZQ-1, YZQ-3, and YZQ-4, were found by the enrichment and acclimation of samples from various sources and separation using oil degradation plates.

[Transport and Model Calculation of Microplastics Under the Influence of Ionic Type, Strength, and Iron Oxide].

Microplastics (MPs) in soil have attracted extensive attention as an emerging pollutant, and the transport of MPs is affected by their own physical and chemical properties, the chemical composition of soil solutions, and soil minerals. However, in the presence of oxides, the underlying mechanism for the transport of MPs in different ionic types and ionic strengths is still not fully understood. In this study, the effects of ionic type, ionic strength, and iron oxide on the transport of polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) with different functional groups were investigated through stability experiments and transport experiments.

Evaluation of a data-driven intelligent waste classification system for scientific management of garbage recycling in a Chinese community.

Waste classification management is effective in addressing the increasing waste output and continuous deterioration of environmental conditions. The waste classification behaviour of resident is an important basis for managers to collect and allocate resources. Traditional analysis methods, such as questionnaire, have limitations considering the complexity of individual behaviour.

TCAB1 prevents nucleolar accumulation of the telomerase RNA to facilitate telomerase assembly.

Localization of a variety of RNAs to non-membrane-bound cellular compartments such as nucleoli and Cajal bodies is critical for their stability and function. The molecular mechanisms that underly the recruitment and exclusion of RNAs from these phase-separated organelles is incompletely understood. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein composed of the reverse transcriptase protein telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), the telomerase RNA (TR), and several auxiliary proteins, including TCAB1.

Catalytically inactive DNA ligase IV promotes DNA repair in living cells.

DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are induced by external genotoxic agents (ionizing radiation or genotoxins) or by internal processes (recombination intermediates in lymphocytes or by replication errors). The DNA ends induced by these genotoxic processes are often not ligatable, requiring potentially mutagenic end-processing to render ends compatible for ligation by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). Using single molecule approaches, Loparo et al.

AID function in somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination.

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin (Ig) gene variable regions and class switch recombination (CSR) of Ig heavy chain constant regions. Two decades of intensive research has greatly expanded our knowledge of how AID functions in peripheral B cells to optimize antibody responses against infections, while maintaining tight regulation of AID to restrain its activity to protect B cell genomic integrity. The many exciting recent advances in the field include: 1) the first description of AID's molecular structure, 2) remarkable advances in high throughput approaches that precisely track AID targeting genome-wide, and 3) the discovery that the cohesion-mediate loop extrusion mechanism [initially discovered in V(D)J recombination studies] also governs AID-medicated CSR.

Biodegradation of tylosin in swine wastewater by Providencia stuartii TYL-Y13: Performance, pathway, genetic background, and risk assessment.

Microbial bioremediation offers a solution to the problem of residual antibiotics in wastewater associated with animal farms. Efficient degradation of antibiotic residues depends upon the genetic make-up of microbial degraders, which requires a comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms. In this study, a novel, efficient tylosin (TYL)-degrading bacterium, Providencia stuartii TYL-Y13 (Y13) was isolated, which could completely degrade 100 mg/L TYL within 15 h under optimal operating conditions at 40 ℃, pH 7.

Identification of RNA-DNA Hybrids Associated with R-Loops at the IgH Switch Sequence in Activated B Cells.

During transcription and replication, R-loops that contain RNA-DNA hybrids are generated across numerous genomic loci and contribute to many biological events. Using S9.6, a monoclonal antibody against RNA-DNA hybrids, accelerated the study of R-loop biology.

A high-yielding strain of indole-3-acetic acid isolated from food waste compost: metabolic pathways, optimization of fermentation conditions, and application.

Food waste is a potential resource to prepare microbial fertilizer. However, functional microorganisms derived from the food waste compost (FWC) are relatively lacking. We have isolated, identified, characterized and optimized a high-yielding indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) strain from FWC and further evaluated its growth promoting effect on plants.

The mRNA tether model for activation-induced deaminase and its relevance for Ig somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination.

Activation-induced deaminase (AID) only deaminates cytosine within single-stranded DNA. Transcription is known to increase AID deamination on duplex DNA substrates during transcription. Using a purified T7 RNA polymerase transcription system, we recently found that AID deamination of a duplex DNA substrate is reduced if RNase A is added during transcription.

Exploration of human xylosyltransferase for chemoenzymatic synthesis of proteoglycan linkage region.

Proteoglycans (PGs) play important roles in many biological processes including tumor progression, cell adhesion, and regulation of growth factor activities. With glycosaminoglycan chains attached to the core proteins in nature, PGs are highly challenging synthetic targets due to the difficulties in integrating the sulfated glycans with the peptide backbone. To expedite the synthesis, herein, the utility of human xylosyltransferase I (XT-I), the enzyme responsible for initiating PG synthesis, has been explored.

Current insights into the mechanism of mammalian immunoglobulin class switch recombination.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR) is the gene rearrangement process by which B lymphocytes change the Ig heavy chain constant region to permit a switch of Ig isotype from IgM to IgG, IgA, or IgE. At the DNA level, CSR occurs via generation and joining of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) at intronic switch regions located just upstream of each of the heavy chain constant regions. Activation-induced deaminase (AID), a B cell specific enzyme, catalyzes cytosine deaminations (converting cytosines to uracils) as the initial DNA lesions that eventually lead to DSBs and CSR.

Application of seasonal freeze-thaw to pretreat raw material for accelerating green waste composting.

The recalcitrance of green waste, caused by its high lignocellulose content, is a technical challenge for accelerating green waste composting. However, because lignocellulose degradation in litter (similar to green waste) can be promoted during the freeze-thaw season, and the composting is difficult to implement in this period (due to the low temperature); seasonal freeze-thaw was intended to be used as a pretreatment strategy for the existing technical challenge in the winter of cold regions. In this process, green waste was pretreated with seasonal freeze-thaw to enhance its lignocellulose degradation for subsequent composting.

Endonuclease and redox activities of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 have distinctive and essential functions in IgA class switch recombination.

The base excision repair (BER) pathway is an important DNA repair pathway and is essential for immune responses. In fact, it regulates both the antigen-stimulated somatic hypermutation (SHM) process and plays a central function in the process of class switch recombination (CSR). For both processes, a central role for apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) has been demonstrated.

Application of quadratic regression orthogonal design to develop a composite inoculum for promoting lignocellulose degradation during green waste composting.

The aims of this study are to determine the feasibility of applying QROD (quadratic regression orthogonal design) to optimize a combination of microorganisms and to develop a composite inoculum for promoting lignocellulose degradation during GWC (green waste composting). This feasibility was studied in a laboratory scale experiment, using three lignocellulolytic microorganisms, isolated from the mature phase of GWC by the dilution plating method. After the feasibility was confirmed, a composite inoculum was developed through the results of the optimization, whose effect was evaluated by comparing it with Phanerochaete chrysosporium and EM (Effective Microorganisms) in a pilot scale experiment of GWC.

Class-Switch Recombination in the Absence of the IgH 3' Regulatory Region.

The ∼28-kb 3' regulatory region (3'RR), which is located at the most distal 3' region of the Ig H chain locus, has multiple regulatory functions that control IgH expression, class-switch recombination (CSR), and somatic hypermutation. In this article, we report that deletion of the entire 3'RR in a mouse B cell line that is capable of robust cytokine-dependent CSR to IgA results in reduced, but not abolished, CSR. These data suggest that 3'RR is not absolutely required for CSR and, thus, is not essential for targeting activation-induced cytidine deaminase to S regions, as was suggested.

The SAGA Deubiquitination Module Promotes DNA Repair and Class Switch Recombination through ATM and DNAPK-Mediated γH2AX Formation.

Class switch recombination (CSR) requires activation-induced deaminase (AID) to instigate double-stranded DNA breaks at the immunoglobulin locus. DNA breaks activate the DNA damage response (DDR) by inducing phosphorylation of histone H2AX followed by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair. We carried out a genome-wide screen to identify CSR factors.