GLUD1 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression via ROS-mediated p38/JNK MAPK pathway activation and mitochondrial apoptosis.

Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1) is an important enzyme in glutamine metabolism. Previously, we found GLUD1 was down-regulated in tumor tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by proteomics study. To explore its role in the progression of HCC, the expressional level of GLUD1 was firstly examined and presented as that both the protein and mRNA levels were down-regulated in tumor tissues compared to the normal liver tissues.

[A case of SIFD syndrome caused by novel compound heterozygous variants of TRNT1 gene].

Objective: To detect variant of TRNT1 gene in a child featuring sideroblastic anemia with B-cell immunodeficiency, periodic fever and developmental delay (SIFD).

Methods: The proband and his parents were analyzed through trio-whole exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were carried out to verify the candidate variant sites associated with the clinical phenotype.

The magnetic resonance enterography imaging features of symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum in pediatric patients: a retrospective observational study of 31 cases.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) imaging manifestations of a symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum (MD) in pediatric patients in order to provide a reference for the diagnosis of the condition.

Methods: The medical records of 31 pediatric patients with MD from May 2014 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The inclusion criteria were patients with MD accompanied by unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia (except hematological diseases), chronic persistent abdominal pain, repeated intussusception, or intussusception in older pediatric patients during surgery.

Cytokine responses to various larval stages of equine strongyles and modulatory effects of the adjuvant G3 in vitro.

Aims: To generate different larval stages of Strongylus vulgaris and to study cytokine responses in cultures of eqPBMC exposed to defined larval stages of S. vulgaris and cyathostomins with the aim to understand the early immune reaction to these parasites.

Methods And Results: EqPBMC were exposed to S.

Appearance of fetal intestinal obstruction on fetal MRI.

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the imaging findings of fetal intestinal obstruction diagnosed by MRI and compare with postnatal surgery findings.

Methods: MRI data of 3346 pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed; we found 47 cases of suspected fetal small intestinal obstruction. Twenty-nine underwent postnatal surgery.

Effects of Brucine on the OPG/RANKL/RANK Signaling Pathway in MDA-MB-231 and MC3T3-E1 Cell Coculture System.

The present study examined the effects of brucine on the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling pathway for exploring the mechanism of brucine suppression of bone metastasis in breast cancer. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were cocultured to mimic the breast cancer bone metastasis microenvironment . qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expressions of OPG and RANKL at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively, in brucine-treated cultures and they were compared to those in untreated cultures.

Brucine inhibits bone metastasis of breast cancer cells by suppressing Jagged1/Notch1 signaling pathways.

Objective: To examine the effects of brucine on the invasion, migration and bone resorption of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis.

Methods: The osteoclastogenesis model was builded by co-culturing human breast tumor MDA-MB-231 and mouse RAW264.7 macrophages cells.

The value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the diagnosis of fetal aortic arch anomalies.

Background: Here we report our preliminary experience of using fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, particularly with transverse views at the level of the aortic arch, in the diagnosis of aortic arch anomalies.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2015, routine prenatal obstetric ultrasound (US), echocardiography (Echo), and 1.5 T CMR were performed on approximately 600 pregnant women.

[Clinical characteristics and genetic analysis of two cases with Leigh syndrome with acute pulmonary hemorrhage as predominant manifestation].

Objective: To analyze clinical and imaging features and genetic characteristics of Leigh syndrome with emergent pulmonary edema.

Method: The clinical features and imaging data of 2 cases (1 male, 1 female) seen in Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed and summarized. Venous blood samples were sent to Guangzhou Jinyu Medical Examination Center for genetic analysis.

The nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin KGI exerts anti-proliferative effects by down-regulation of cell cycle molecules in U937 and HL-60 human leukemia cells.

Cancer cells are characterized by uncontrolled replication involving loss of control of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins, and by abolished differentiation. In this study we introduce KGI, which is a nanoparticle with a Quillaja saponin as an active molecule. By the use of RNA array analysis and confirmation at the protein level, we show that KGI affects myeloid leukemia cells (in particular, the U937 monoblast cancer cell) by the following mechanisms: (A) ceasing cell replication via proteasome degradation, (B) down-regulation of key molecules at check points between G1/S and G2/M phases, (C) reduction of thymidine kinase activity, followed by (D) exit to differentiation and production of interleukin-8 (IL-8), eventually leading to apoptosis.

The Nanoparticulate Quillaja Saponin BBE is selectively active towards renal cell carcinoma.

Aim: To characterize the cytotoxic effect of BBE, the particulate of desacyl-saponin, in model systems of solid tumours.

Materials And Methods: Cytotoxic activity of BBE was investigated in solid human tumour cell lines, in tumour cells from patients with renal cell carcinoma, in normal human renal cells and in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The BBE mode of cell death was assessed in vitro.

[Preparation and characterization of niosomes of Semen Strychni alkaloids extract].

Objective: To prepare a noisome formulation of Semen Strychni alkaloids extract with high encapsulation efficiency.

Method: S. Strychni alkaloids were encapsulated into niosomes by pH gradient loading method.

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ISCOMs-Immunity, protection and safety in young conventional calves.

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in cattle and causes yearly outbreaks with high morbidity in Europe. Commercial vaccines against this virus needs improvement of efficacy, especially in calves with BRSV-specific maternally derived antibodies (MDA). We previously reported that an experimental BRSV-ISCOM vaccine, but not a commercial vaccine, induced strong clinical and virological protection in calves with MDA, immunized at 7-15 weeks of age.

Nanoparticulate Quillaja saponin induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell lines with a high therapeutic index.

Saponin fractions of Quillaja saponaria Molina (QS) have cytotoxic activity against cancer cells in vitro, but are too toxic to be useful in the clinic. The toxic effect was abolished by converting QS fractions into stable nanoparticles through the binding of QS to cholesterol. Two fractions of QS were selected for particle formation, one with an acyl-chain (ASAP) was used to form killing and growth-inhibiting (KGI) particles, and the other without the acyl-chain (DSAP) was used to formulate blocking and balancing effect (BBE) particles.

The immunomodulating properties of human respiratory syncytial virus and immunostimulating complexes containing Quillaja saponin components QH-A, QH-C and ISCOPREP703.

A successful vaccine against human RSV (HRSV) is likely to induce a Th1 or a balanced Th1/TH2 cytokine response. We tested a panel of HRSV immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) containing different Quillaja saponin fractions (QH-A, QH-C, and 703: a mixture of 70% QH-A and 30% QH-C) with different immunological properties for their capacity of inducing innate and acquired immune responses. The HRSV 703 ISCOMs induced the strongest innate and acquired immune responses, followed by RSV QH-C and QH-A ISCOMs.

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus ISCOMs--protection in the presence of maternal antibodies.

The protection induced by immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs) against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was evaluated and compared to that of a commercial inactivated vaccine (CV) in calves with BRSV-specific maternal antibodies. Following experimental challenge, controls (n = 4) and animals immunized with CV (n = 5) developed moderate to severe respiratory disease, whereas calves immunized with ISCOMs (n = 5) remained clinically healthy. BRSV was re-isolated from the nasopharynx of all controls and from all calves immunized with CV, but from none of the calves immunized with ISCOMs.

Current status and potential application of ISCOMs in veterinary medicine.

The immune stimulating complex (ISCOM) is a 40 nm nanoparticle used as a delivery system for vaccine antigens, targeting the immune system both after parenteral and mucosal administration. The ISCOM is made up of saponin, lipids and antigen usually held together by hydrophobic interaction between these three components. The compulsory elements to form the ISCOM structure are cholesterol and saponin.

Safety and efficacy of immune-stimulating complex-based antigen delivery systems for neonatal immunisation against respiratory syncytial virus infection.

To protect against human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV)-induced bronchiolitis in early infancy, vaccines need to be designed which are effective in the neonatal period. To test the safety and efficacy of adjuvants in neonatal mice, we injected hRSV surface proteins combined with immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOMs) prepared from fractions A, C or A + C of Quillaja saponins. All were well tolerated in adults, but A + C ISCOMS proved lethal in neonates; A or C fractions alone were well tolerated by neonates up to the adult dose.

Vaccination with recombinant alphavirus or immune-stimulating complex antigen against respiratory syncytial virus.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe respiratory diseases in infants and young children. Inappropriate immunity to the virus can lead to disease enhancement upon subsequent infection. In this study, we have characterized the antiviral immunity elicited by the recombinant Semliki Forest virus (SFV) encoding the RSV fusion (F) and attachment (G) protein, and compared with that induced by the immune-stimulating complex (ISCOM)-incorporated FG proteins.