fMRI BOLD and MEG theta power reflect complementary aspects of activity during lexicosemantic decision in adolescents with ASD.

Neuroimaging studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been predominantly unimodal. While many fMRI studies have reported atypical activity patterns for diverse tasks, the MEG literature in ASD remains comparatively small. Our group recently reported atypically increased event-related theta power in individuals with ASD during lexicosemantic processing.

Acceptability and Access Metrics for Telehealth Consultation of Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Disabilities During COVID-19.

Introduction: We report caregiver agreement to attend telehealth neurodevelopmental consultation during COVID-19, demographic differences in agreement, reasons families declined, and clinical access metrics before and during COVID-19.

Method: Data were gathered from telehealth referrals and consultations from April to July 2020. Schedulers documented agreement status and reasons for the decline.

Measures of tonic and phasic activity of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system in children with autism spectrum disorder: An event-related potential and pupillometry study.

A growing body of research suggests that locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system may function differently in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Understanding the dynamics of both tonic (resting pupil diameter) and phasic (pupil dilation response [PDR] and event-related potential [ERP]) indices may provide meaningful insights about the nature of LC-NE function in ASD. Twenty-four children with ASD and 27 age- and nonverbal-IQ matched typically developing (TD) children completed two experiments: (1) a resting eye-tracking task to measure tonic pupil diameter, and (2) a three-stimulus oddball paradigm to measure phasic responsivity using PDR and ERP.

Provider and Caregiver Satisfaction with Telehealth Evaluation of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Young Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The present study examines provider and caregiver satisfaction with telehealth evaluation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in young children during the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. A telehealth model of ASD evaluation was implemented with 308 children ages 14 to 78 months between May 2020 to June 2021. Data were gathered from electronic health records, autism-specific telehealth diagnostic tools, and post-evaluation surveys.

Addressing Academic Concerns: A Survey of Primary Care Providers.

Given new clinical recommendations, we sought to better understand the perspectives and practices of primary care providers (PCPs) around pediatric academic concerns. Practicing PCPs were recruited to complete an 8-item self-report survey; 163 PCPs were included in the final analysis. Results indicated that 84% of PCPs perceived their role in addressing patients' academic concerns as highly important; yet there was variability in the frequency with which PCPs reported engaging in activities around these educational needs.

Care Coordination Using a Shared Plan of Care Approach: From Model to Practice.

Introduction: Children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) need, but do not have, adequate care coordination (CC); CC leads to better pediatric care, improved family/professional experience of care, and enhanced population health. Current CC initiatives are promising but lack adherence to emerging definitions/standards. A Lucile Packard Report provides guidelines for using a Shared Plan of Care (SPoC) as a CC approach; studied implementation is needed.

Enhancing studies of the connectome in autism using the autism brain imaging data exchange II.

The second iteration of the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE II) aims to enhance the scope of brain connectomics research in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Consistent with the initial ABIDE effort (ABIDE I), that released 1112 datasets in 2012, this new multisite open-data resource is an aggregate of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and corresponding structural MRI and phenotypic datasets. ABIDE II includes datasets from an additional 487 individuals with ASD and 557 controls previously collected across 16 international institutions.

Malignant mesothelioma: attributable risk of asbestos exposure.

Objectives: To evaluate a case-control study of malignant mesothelioma through patterns of exposure to asbestos based upon information from telephone interviews with next of kin.

Methods: Potential cases, identified from medical files and death certificates, included all people diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma and registered during 1975-1980 by the Los Angeles County Cancer Surveillance Program, the New York State Cancer Registry (excluding New York City), and 39 large Veterans Administration hospitals. Cases whose diagnosis was confirmed in a special pathology review as definite or probable mesothelioma (n = 208) were included in the analysis.

Reproducibility of major diagnoses in a binational study of lung cancer in uranium miners and atomic bomb survivors.

A binational panel of four Japanese and four American pathologists examined 208 pulmonary neoplasms, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, second edition, for the histologic typing of lung tumors. The study design included independent evaluations by pathologists working alone, followed by group reviews. The individual evaluations, and their implications for reproducibility of the WHO recommendations, are reported.

Preoperative radiation and surgery for cancer of the rectum. Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group Trial II.

In a prospective randomized trial, 361 male patients with histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the rectum, judged preoperatively to require abdominoperineal resection (APR), were treated by surgery alone or were given 3,150 rads of preoperative radiotherapy. Surgical resection was done on 320 patients, 262 having "curative" APR. Only moderate symptoms from radiotherapy were noted and postoperative complications and 30-day mortality were similar in both groups.

Reliability and sensitivity of frozen-section pancreatic biopsy.

A collaborative Veterans Administration and University of California, Davis Medical Center group of 586 patients with histologically proved pancreatic carcinoma was reviewed. During laparotomy, 159 patients underwent 251 frozen-section pancreatic biopsies with subsequent permanent section examination of the same tissue block. All 112 positive frozen-section diagnoses were corroborated on permanent sectioning.

Efficacy of MER immunotherapy when added to a regimen of 5-fluorouracil and methyl-CCNU following resection for carcinoma of the large bowel. A Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group report.

Two hundred four patients with a microscopically incomplete resection for carcinoma of the colon or rectum were accepted for study. All patients were treated with 5-fluorouracil and methyl-CCNU beginning about the second postoperative week. Concurrent immunotherapy with the methanol extraction residue of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (MER) was randomly assigned to 103 patients.

Efficacy of prolonged intermittent therapy with combined 5-fluorouracil and methyl-CCNU following resection for carcinoma of the large bowel. A Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group report.

This prospective evaluation of 5-FU and methyl-CCNU administered in combination to patients with curative surgery for histologically proved colorectal adenocarcinoma is based upon 645 patients randomized between August 1973 and July 1979. Beyond the requirement that the resection be clinically and microscopically complete, patients were not stratified prior to random treatment assignment to surgery alone or surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Drug therapy consisted of discrete 5-day courses administered at 7-week intervals, start to start.

Leukemia and preleukemia after adjuvant treatment of gastrointestinal cancer with semustine (methyl-CCNU).

We evaluated the risk of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, acute myelodysplastic syndrome, and preleukemia in 3633 patients with gastrointestinal cancer who were treated in nine randomized clinical trials. Among 2067 patients given semustine (methyl-CCNU) as adjuvant therapy, leukemic disorders developed in 14, whereas only one leukemic disorder (acute nonlymphocytic leukemia) occurred among 1566 patients given other therapies (relative risk = 12.4; 95 per cent confidence interval = 1.

Efficacy of prolonged intermittent therapy with combined 5-FU and methyl-CCNU following resection for gastric carcinoma. A Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology, Group report.

This prospective evaluation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methyl-CCNU administered in combination to patients with surgery for histologically proved gastric adenocarcinoma is based upon 312 patients randomized between August 1974 and May 1980. Patients were stratified into three categories of resectability, (1) complete, (2) proven incomplete, and (3) nonresectable, prior to random treatment assignment to surgery alone or surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Drug therapy consisted of discrete 5-day courses administered at 7-week intervals.

Gastrointestinal bleeding after operation for pancreatic cancer.

Gastrointestinal bleeding after surgery for cancer of the pancreas contributes significantly to patient morbidity and to patient mortality, if the bypass was performed for palliation. Bleeding after resection of the pancreatic tumor appears to be amenable to therapy, and unaltered by the addition of vagotomy at the time of surgery. Patients undergoing palliative surgery who are expected to live beyond the postoperative period may well benefit from measures to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Gastric outlet obstruction after palliative surgery for cancer of head of pancreas.

Gastroenterostomy as part of the palliation of unresectable cancer of the head of the pancreas, in the absence of gastric outlet obstruction at the time of surgery, has been both rejected, and, more recently, advocated for all such patients. A study of 105 cases yielded four factors that correlated with the subsequent occurrence of gastric outlet obstruction: age, 60 years or younger; hemoglobin level, 11.5 g/dL or less; absence of liver metastases; and survival, three months or longer.

Prolonged intermittent adjuvant chemotherapy with CCNU and hydroxyurea after resection of carcinoma of the lung.

Eight hundred sixty-five patients with a microscopically curative resection for carcinoma of the lung were accepted for study, none of whom were excluded from analysis. Adjuvant therapy was randomly assigned about the tenth to 14th postoperative day; 432 patients (treated) were to receive CCNU and hydroxyurea for one year, while 433 patients (controls) were to receive no adjuvant therapy. Toxic reactions to therapy were reported, but only 1% were severe enough to require stopping therapy.

Surgical resection in the management of small cell carcinoma of the lung.

In an attempt to define the role of initial surgical resection in patients with undifferentiated small cell carcinoma of the lung, we reviewed the experience of the Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group (VASOG). One hundred forty-eight patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung had undergone a potentially "curative" resection. This represented 4.

Randomized study of 5-FU and CCNU in pancreatic cancer: report of the Veterans Administration Surgical Adjuvant Cancer Chemotherapy Study Group.

Between the years 1973-1977, 152 male patients from 28 participating Veterans Hospitals with histologically proven nonresectable cancer of the pancreas were randomized in a two-arm study. The treated group was to receive combination chemotherapy with 5-FU and CCNU, and the controls were to receive no chemotherapy. Both groups were comparable with respect to age, amount of weight loss, extent of histologically proved metastases, and operation performed.

Late effects of low-dose adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.

As part of a systematic program to evaluate the late effects of antineoplastic therapy in randomized clinical trials, patients enrolled in the low-dose thio-TEPA (TSPA) and 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd) adjuvant colorectal cancer protocols of the Veterans Administration (VA) Surgical Oncology Group between 1958 and 1964 were studied. All patients received surgery with curative intent; 470 also received TSPA, 176 received FdUrd, and 867 received surgery only. The unique VA system permitted complete follow-up through 1977, with 10,902 person-years of observation accrued among 1,613 male patients (mean survival = 6.