Outcome of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Asian Children: A Multinational One-year Follow-up Study.

Background: Epidemiological data on pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) have been reported in Asian countries. However, short-term follow-up data, especially in Southeast Asian countries, are limited.

Purpose: Analyze and compare the baseline and 1-year follow-up (1FU) data for PIBD in Asian children.

Morbidity and treatment costs of cystic fibrosis in a middle-income country.

Introduction: : Asian children with cystic fibrosis (CF) managed in Malaysia have significant morbidity with limited access to life-sustaining treatments. We determined the morbidity and treatment cost of CF in a resource-limited country.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included all children diagnosed with CF in our centre.

ATG16L1 rs2241880/T300A increases susceptibility to perianal Crohn's disease: An updated meta-analysis on inflammatory bowel disease risk and clinical outcomes.

Background: ATG16L1 plays a fundamental role in the degradative intracellular pathway known as autophagy, being a mediator of inflammation and microbial homeostasis. The variant rs2241880 can diminish these capabilities, potentially contributing to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis.

Objectives: To perform an updated meta-analysis on the association between ATG16L1 rs2241880 and IBD susceptibility by exploring the impact of age, ethnicity, and geography.

Etiology, outcome and prognostic indicators of acute liver failure in Asian children.

Objective: Outcome of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) in countries with limited availability of LT is not well described. We evaluated the outcome and prognostic indicators of PALF in Malaysia where emergency LT for ALF is limited.

Methods: In this retrospective review on children < 18 years with PALF, we compared clinical and laboratory parameters between survival after supportive treatment and after LT or succumbed without LT.

Nudix Hydroxylase 15 Mutations Strongly Predict Thiopurine-Induced Leukopenia Across Different Asian Ethnicities: Implications for Screening in a Diverse Population.

Background And Aims: Thiopurines, which are immunosuppressive drugs for maintaining remission for inflammatory bowel disease, are known to cause myelotoxicity in patients with Nudix Hydroxylase 15 () genetic variants in some Asian countries with monoethnic populations. We aimed to investigate the association of variants with leukopenia in a multiethnic population in Southeast Asia.

Methods: Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were recruited.

Quality of life in Malaysian children with inflammatory bowel disease: An understudied population.

Aim: Quality of life (QoL) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often impaired by underlying disease. We evaluated factors affecting health-related QoL (HRQoL) in Malaysian children with IBD.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using IMPACT-III questionnaires evaluating HRQoL in children aged 8-17 years with duration of IBD of ≥6 months was conducted.

Epidemiological characteristics of Asian children with inflammatory bowel disease at diagnosis: Insights from an Asian-Pacific multi-centre registry network.

Background: There remains a dearth of Asian epidemiological literature for paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD).

Aim: To describe the presenting features of PIBD from 7 Asia-Pacific pediatric gastroenterology centers a central standardised electronic data platform.

Methods: Clinical, endoscopic and radiologic data at diagnosis from the registry were extracted between 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2019.

Genetic variants involved in innate immunity modulate the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases in an understudied Malaysian population.

Background And Aim: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions comprising two major subtypes: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The incidence of IBD is increasing in Asian countries including Malaysia. The aim of this study was to determine whether 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with IBD from genome-wide association studies, performed mainly in Caucasian populations, are associated with IBD in a Malaysian population, correlating these findings with local and systemic inflammation.

Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: A case control study in Southeast Asian children.

Aim: Early-life environmental exposure, which has important implications in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is not well understood in Asian children. We examined environmental factors prior to the development of childhood IBD in a Southeast Asian population.

Methods: We conducted a case control study in IBD diagnosed before 18 years of age and controls matched by gender, age and ethnicity.

A Rare Case of von Willebrand Disease Presenting as Hemolacria and Literature Review.

Hemolacria is a rare condition that causes a person to produce tears that are partially composed of blood. It can be a presenting feature of certain ocular and systemic conditions. Here, the authors describe an interesting case of a 12-year-old boy with an underlying beta-thalassemia trait, who presented with a 2-day history of bilateral blood-stained tears, and an episode of epistaxis.

Role of primary prophylaxis in preventing variceal bleeding in children with gastroesophageal varices.

Background: Primary endoscopic prophylaxis in pediatric gastroesophageal varices is not universally practiced. We aimed to determine the role of primary endoscopic prophylaxis in preventing variceal bleeding in gastroesophageal varices in children.

Methods: We reviewed all children with gastroesophageal varices seen in our unit from 2000 to 2019.

Low prevalence of infantile functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in a multi-ethnic Asian population.

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common in children. The prevalence of FGIDs varies across the world but is unknown in Malaysia. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of FGIDs in healthy Malaysian infants.

Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD): insights into pathogenesis and advances in management.

Premature infants and children with intestinal failure (IF) or short bowel syndrome are susceptible to intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD, previously referred to as parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, or PNALD). IFALD in children is characterized by progressive cholestasis and biliary fibrosis, and steatohepatitis in adults, and is seen in individuals dependent upon prolonged administration of PN. Many factors have been proposed as contributing to the pathogenesis of IFALD.

Parental concern of feeding difficulty predicts poor growth status in their child.

Background: Parents often express concerns about feeding difficulties in their child. We hypothesized that these parental concerns were associated with adverse growth status in early childhood. We aimed to determine the prevalence of such concerns and whether these concerns were associated with adverse growth status in early childhood.

Immune response in infants after universal hepatitis B vaccination: a community-based study in Malaysia.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the immune response in infants who received the three-shot hepatitis B vaccine in Malaysia.

Methods: Consecutive infants born between March 2002 and April 2010 who received three doses of hepatitis B vaccine at a community clinic in Malaysia were enrolled in the study. Screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody against HBsAg (anti-HBs) was performed after the completion of primary immunisation, at approximately one year of age.