Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense vessels in posterior cerebral artery infarction.

Background: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense vessels (FHVs) are known to reflect stagnant or slow blood flow within the cerebral artery. FHVs are frequently observed in patients with acute cerebral infarction accompanied by arterial occlusion or significant stenosis of the anterior cerebral circulation. However, FHVs have not been studied in the context of posterior cerebral circulation.

Rescue treatment with intra-arterial tirofiban infusion and emergent carotid stenting.

Rapid arterial rethrombosis is associated with high-grade residual stenosis and usually occurs at the site of the initial occlusion, resulting in reocclusion of the recanalized artery. Platelets may play an active role in such rethrombosis after thrombolytic-induced clot lysis. Given that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockers, like tirofiban, prevent thrombus formation by inhibiting the final common pathway of platelet aggregation, they may be helpful for treating rethrombosis after thrombolysis.

Rescue use of tirofiban for acute carotid in-stent thrombosis.

Carotid artery stenting is widely performed for extracranial carotid artery stenosis. In-stent thrombosis is a rare but potentially devastating complication. We present a case of acute in-stent thrombosis immediately following stent insertion and post-balloon dilatation in a 64-year-old male.

Lacunar infarction in type 2 diabetes is associated with an elevated intracranial arterial pulsatility index.

Purpose: The arterial pulsatility index (PI) is measured by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) and is postulated to reflect the vascular resistance distal to the artery being examined. An increased PI of the intracranial artery is often reported with diabetes mellitus (DM), old age, hypertension, intracranial hypertension, vascular dementia, and small artery disease. Microvascular complication of DM, which may contribute to cerebral infarction, involves the small perforating artery and may influence the PI of the proximal artery.

A case of congenital neuromuscular disease with uniform type 1 fiber.

Congenital neuromuscular disease with uniform type 1 fiber (CNMDU1) is a rare but distinct form of nonprogressive, congenital myopathy. CMNDU1 is characterized by a type 1 muscle fiber content of more than 99%. This condition has only been previously described in a few reports.