Combined hip arthroscopy with periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia: a systematic review.

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a surgical procedure that corrects acetabular dysplasia without necessarily addressing intra-articular pathology. Hip arthroscopy is being increasingly used to address soft tissue pathologies at the time of a PAO. This review aims to determine patient-reported outcome measure scores (PROMs) of combining hip arthroscopy and PAO.

Adjudication of Codes for Identifying Sepsis in Hospital Administrative Data by Expert Consensus.

Objectives: Refine the administrative data definition of sepsis in hospitalized patients, including less severe cases.

Design And Setting: For each of 1928 infection and 108 organ dysfunction codes used in Canadian hospital abstracts, experts reached consensus on the likelihood that it could relate to sepsis. We developed a new algorithm, called AlgorithmL, that requires at least one infection and one organ dysfunction code adjudicated as likely or very likely to be related to sepsis.

Mortality after treatment of malignant pleural effusions with indwelling pleural catheters versus chemical pleurodesis: a population-based study.

Background: Little is known about patient outcomes following treatment of malignant pleural effusions (MPE) in the real-world setting.

Research Question: We aimed to compare post-procedure all-cause mortality between individuals who received indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) insertion versus chemical pleurodesis for managing MPEs.

Study Design And Methods: We performed a retrospective population-based study using provincial health administrative data (Ontario, Canada) of adults with a MPE who underwent IPC insertion or chemical pleurodesis between 2015 and 2019.

Temporal trend in quality indicators of diabetes care performance among persons with type 2 diabetes in primary care practice: a serial cross-sectional analytical study, 2013/14 to 2021/22.

Background: Although the national-based policy implemented an initiative program to offer diabetes care management in Thailand, there are limited time trends of evidence to gauge whether the quality of diabetes care in primary care practice is improving. As such, we aimed to identify temporal trends in the quality of diabetes care performance among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in primary care practice.

Methods: Using assembled patient-level data from a suburban community in northern Thailand, this serial retrospective cross-sectional analytical study obtained adult T2DM patients from nine consecutive fiscal years 2013/14 ( = 976) to 2021/22 ( = 1,242).

Review of clinical trials and guidelines for children and youth with mucopolysaccharidosis: outcome selection and measurement.

Background: To inform the development of a core outcome set (COS) for children and youth with mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), we aimed to identify all outcomes and associated outcome measurement instruments that are reported in recent clinical trials and recommended as measurements in clinical management guidelines.

Methods: To identify English-language clinical trials and guidelines pertaining to MPS published between 2011 and mid-2021, we applied a comprehensive peer-reviewed search strategy to relevant databases and registers on May 16, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened retrieved citations and then full-text articles to determine eligibility for inclusion.

High-cost users after sepsis: a population-based observational cohort study.

Background: High-cost users (HCU) represent important targets for health policy interventions. Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome that is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and economic costs to the healthcare system. We sought to estimate the effect of sepsis on being a subsequent HCU.

Association between oral health conditions and the risk of major noncommunicable diseases: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Although epidemiological studies suggest that oral health conditions may be associated with an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases, the findings have yet to be comprehensively synthesized, particularly for a major noncommunicable diseases-related health and economic burden. Therefore, we will perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all available observational studies investigating the association between oral health conditions and subsequent risk of major noncommunicable diseases.

Methods: With limited English publications, we will search electronic databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL.

Process evaluation of two large randomized controlled trials to understand factors influencing family physicians' use of antibiotic audit and feedback reports.

Background: Unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions in primary care are common and contribute to antimicrobial resistance in the population. Audit and feedback (A&F) on antibiotic prescribing to primary care can improve the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing, but the optimal approach is uncertain. We performed two pragmatic randomized controlled trials of different approaches to audit and feedback.

Phase-Based and Lifetime Health System Costs of Care for Patients Diagnosed with Leukemia and Lymphoma: A Population-Based Descriptive Study.

Hematologic cancers, notably leukemias and lymphomas, pose significant challenges to healthcare systems globally, due to rising incidence rates and increasing costs. This study aimed to estimate the phase and lifetime health system total costs (not net costs) of care for patients diagnosed with leukemia and lymphoma in Ontario, Canada. We conducted a population-based study of patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2019, using data from the Ontario Cancer Registry linked with health administrative databases.

Identifying and prioritizing recommendations to optimize transitions across the care journey for hip fractures: Results from a mixed-methods concept mapping study.

Background: Individuals who experience a hip fracture have numerous care transitions. Improving the transition process is important for ensuring quality care; however, little is known about the priorities of different key interest groups. Our aim was to gather recommendations from these groups regarding care transitions for hip fracture.

Cost-effectiveness of point of care smoking cessation interventions in oncology clinics.

Background: We examined the cost-effectiveness of providing systematic smoking cessation interventions to oncology patients at point-of-care.

Methods: A decision analytic model was completed from the healthcare payer's perspective and included all incident cancer cases involving patients who smoke in New Brunswick, Canada (n = 1040), cancer site stratifications, and risks of mortality, continued smoking, and cancer treatment failure over one year. Usual care (no cessation support) was compared to the standard Ottawa Model for Smoking Cessation (OMSC) intervention, and to OMSC plus unlimited cost-free stop smoking medication (OMSC + SSM), including nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, or bupropion.

Direct and indirect costs of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in adults: A systematic review.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are rare disorders characterized by inflammation of skeletal muscle, which can result in fatty replacement of muscle, muscle atrophy, and subsequent weakness. Therapeutic advancements have improved clinical outcomes but impose an economic impact on healthcare systems. We aimed to summarize the direct and indirect costs associated with IIMs in a systematic review (PROSPERO Registration #CRD42023443143).

Development of a survey to support assessment of safety learning systems.

Background: Patient safety learning systems play a critical role in supporting safety culture in healthcare organisations. A lack of explicit standards leads to inconsistent implementation across organisations, causing uncertainty about their roles and impact. Organisations can address inconsistent implementation by using a self-assessment tool based on agreed-on best practices.

Applying Implementation Science to Identify Primary Care Providers' Enablers and Barriers to Using Survivorship Care Plans.

Primary care providers (PCPs) have been given the responsibility of managing the follow-up care of low-risk cancer survivors after they are discharged from the oncology center. Survivorship Care Plans (SCPs) were developed to facilitate this transition, but research indicates inconsistencies in how they are implemented. A detailed examination of enablers and barriers that influence their use by PCPs is needed to understand how to improve SCPs and ultimately facilitate cancer survivors' transition to primary care.

Associations of preoperative anaemia with healthcare resource use and outcomes after colorectal surgery: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Preoperative anaemia is common in patient undergoing colorectal surgery. Understanding the population-level costs of preoperative anaemia will inform development and evaluation of anaemia management at health system levels.

Methods: This was a population-based cohort study using linked, routinely collected data, including residents from Ontario, Canada, aged ≥18 yr who underwent an elective colorectal resection between 2012 and 2022.

Economic Evaluations of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapies for Hematologic and Solid Malignancies: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review evidence on the cost-effectiveness of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies for patients with cancer.

Methods: Electronic databases were searched in October 2022 and updated in September 2023. Systematic reviews, health technology assessments, and economic evaluations that compared costs and effects of CAR-T therapy in patients with cancer were included.

Incremental net monetary benefit of using varenicline for smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of economic evaluation studies.

Aims: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis and pool the incremental net benefits (INBs) of varenicline compared with behaviour support with bupropion or nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), behaviour support alone and unaided cessation in adult smokers making a first-time attempt to quit.

Methods: A search for economic evaluation studies was conducted from inception to 30 September 2022, on PubMed, Embase, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) Registry by Tufts Medical Centre, EconLit and the NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED). Eligible studies were included if they were (1) conducted among adults ages 18 years old and older who were smokers attempting to quit for the first time; (2) compared varenicline to behaviour support with bupropion or NRT, behaviour support alone and unaided cessation; and (3) performed a CEA or cost-utility analysis.

Protocol for the ONLOOP trial: pragmatic randomized trial evaluating a province-wide system of personalized reminders for evidence-based surveillance tests in adult survivors of childhood cancer in Ontario.

Background: Childhood cancer treatment while often curative, leads to elevated risks of morbidity and mortality. Survivors require lifelong periodic surveillance for late effects of treatment, yet adherence to guideline-recommended tests is suboptimal. We created ONLOOP to provide adult survivors of childhood cancer with detailed health information, including summaries of their childhood cancer treatment and recommended surveillance tests for early detection of cardiomyopathy, breast cancer, and/or colorectal cancer, with personalized reminders over time.