Towards a survival risk prediction model for metastatic NSCLC patients on durvalumab using whole-lung CT radiomics.

Background: Existing criteria for predicting patient survival from immunotherapy are primarily centered on the PD-L1 status of patients. We tested the hypothesis that noninvasively captured baseline whole-lung radiomics features from CT images, baseline clinical parameters, combined with advanced machine learning approaches, can help to build models of patient survival that compare favorably with PD-L1 status for predicting 'less-than-median-survival risk' in the metastatic NSCLC setting for patients on durvalumab. With a total of 1062 patients, inclusive of model training and validation, this is the largest such study yet.

Mitral valve annulus localization in 3D echocardiography.

The Mitral Valve is a structure on the left side of the human heart that regulates the flow of oxygenated blood into the Left Ventricle and also helps maintain the pressure within the Left Ventricle when the blood gets pumped to the rest of the body from the Left Ventricle. Pathology of the Mitral Valve often manifests through structural changes in the anatomy. Assessment of Mitral Valve pathology as well as determination of specific interventions require quantification of various structures of the Mitral Valve and one of these structures of interest is the Mitral Valve annulus.

Toward Quantitative Assessment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Volumetric Ultrasound.

Goal: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation within the joint space as well as erosion or destruction of the bone surface. We believe that volumetric (3-D) ultrasound imaging of the joints in conjunction with automated image-analysis tools for segmenting and quantifying the regions of interest can lead to improved RA assessment.

Methods: In this paper, we describe our proposed algorithms for segmenting 1) the 3 -D bone surface and 2) the 3-D joint capsule region.

Symmetry and appearance based automated detection of salient anatomical regions in ultrasound.

In this paper we present a method for automated detection of enclosed anatomical regions in ultrasound images by utilizing the coarse shape symmetry as well as relative homogeneity of their sonographic appearance. The proposed method comprises of two steps: First, local phase based filtering [2] is used to detect points in the image which are roughly positioned along the axes of spatial symmetry with respect to structures around them. Secondly, the sonographic 'appearance' and location of these points is used to define a distance-map on the image, which is supplied to a simple fast-marching algorithm in order to provide the final feature detections.

Volumetric ultrasound and computer-assisted analysis at the point-of-care: a musculoskeletal exemplar.

In this paper we motivate the hypothesis that the use of volumetric ultrasound imaging and automated image analysis tools would improve clinical workflows as well as outcomes at the point-of-care. To make our case, this paper presents results from a rheumatoid arthritis (RA) study where several image analysis techniques have been applied to volumetric ultrasound, highlighting anatomy of interest to better understand disease progression. Pathologies related to RA in joints, manifest themselves commonly as changes in the bone (e.

Robust foreground detection in video using pixel layers.

A framework for robust foreground detection that works under difficult conditions such as dynamic background and moderately moving camera is presented in this paper. The proposed method includes two main components: coarse scene representation as the union of pixel layers, and foreground detection in video by propagating these layers using a maximum-likelihood assignment. We first cluster into "layers" those pixels that share similar statistics.

Video inpainting under constrained camera motion.

A framework for inpainting missing parts of a video sequence recorded with a moving or stationary camera is presented in this work. The region to be inpainted is general: it may be still or moving, in the background or in the foreground, it may occlude one object and be occluded by some other object. The algorithm consists of a simple preprocessing stage and two steps of video inpainting.