Impact of trachoma elimination efforts in afar regional state, Ethiopia: survey findings from 26 evaluation units.

Background: Following interventions to eliminate trachoma in the Afar region of Ethiopia, our goal was to reassess the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) and trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) at the woreda level, and to identify factors associated with the disease.

Methods: Cross-sectional community-based surveys were conducted in 26 trachoma-endemic woredas, employing a standardized approach. Households were selected as the secondary sampling unit.

Mainstreaming control interventions for neglected tropical diseases into the health system: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The WHO neglected tropical diseases (NTD) roadmap (2021-2030) proposed a shift in approach to addressing NTDs through accountability for impact, implementing integration across NTDs, mainstreaming in national health systems and ensuring country ownership. However, a major challenge has been the dearth of evidence on how to implement this shift in a resource-limited setting. The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence on the mainstreaming or integration of programmes and/or interventions against NTDs into the national health system.

Trachoma Impact Survey Results from 31 Woredas in Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

Purpose: Baseline surveys were conducted in Tigray region, Ethiopia, in 2013. Since then, rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) have been delivered in-line with international guidance. The purpose of these surveys was to assess trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence following those treatments to enable the region to plan the next steps towards elimination of trachoma.

Women Autonomy in Health Care Decision Making and Associated Factors Among Postpartum Women in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background And Aims: Women's autonomy in healthcare decision-making is crucial for improving maternal and child health. Despite its importance, there is limited evidence on autonomous healthcare decision making particularly in postpartum women. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of postpartum women's autonomy in healthcare decision making and its associated factors in Chencha town, Gamo zone, southern Ethiopia.

Effectiveness of preoperative ketamine gargle to reduce postoperative sore throat in adult patients undergoing surgery with endotracheal tube; systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Background: Postoperative sore throat is a frequent and distressing complication caused by airway instrumentation during general anesthesia. The discomfort can lead to immediate distress, delayed recovery and reduce patient satisfaction. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of preoperative ketamine gargle on the occurrence of postoperative sore throat among adult patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia with endotracheal tube.

Incidence and predictors of mortality among patients admitted to adult intensive care unit at public hospitals in Western Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: In resource-constrained countries, the incidence of mortality among patients admitted to adult intensive care units is higher than that in developed countries, which has a physical, economic, and emotional impact on the lives of patients and their families. However, there is limited evidence on factors related to nursing care that can potentially contribute to predicting and reducing mortality rates in intensive care units. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the incidence of mortality and its predictors in patients admitted to an adult intensive care unit.

Completion of the maternal continuity of care and associated factors among women who gave birth in the last 6 months in Kena District, southern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study, 2023.

Background: The maternity continuum of care includes attending at least four antenatal care (ANC) visits, delivering in a health facility, and receiving postnatal care. However, in many developing nations, including Ethiopia, completion of this continuum is low, contributing to high maternal mortality. So far, no studies have assessed this issue in the study area.

Effects of genotype and (Endod) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, blood profiles, and breast meat quality of chickens.

In this study, we investigated the effects of genotype and Phytolacca dodecandra (Endod) supplementation on the growth, carcass traits, blood profiles, and breast meat quality of chickens. The study lasted for 18 weeks and involved 360 unsexed day-old chicks divided into nine groups with 40 chicks each, replicated four times with 10 chicks per replication. The genotypes studied were Naked-neck * Tetra H, Normal-feathered * Tetra H, crosses and Tetra H * Tetra H, while the diets included a standard commercial ration (C), Phytolacca dodecandra (Endod) at 1 g/kg (C+1), and Phytolacca dodecandra (Endod) at 2 g/kg (C+2).

Spiritual well-being and associated factor among adult cancer patients in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Oncology Center, Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Background: Spiritual well-being has been shown to boost resistance to mental health crises in cancer patients during the diagnosis and treatment process, but there is a paucity of studies about spirituality in cancer patients, which may make it difficult for healthcare clinicians to assess spirituality and provide spiritual care.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of spiritual well-being and associated factors among cancer patients in HUCSH Oncology Center in 2022.

Methods And Materials: An institution-based cross-sectional study was done from May 30 to June 30, 2022 among 267 cancer patients, and the respondents were selected by a simple random sampling technique.

Landscape genomics reveals regions associated with adaptive phenotypic and genetic variation in Ethiopian indigenous chickens.

Climate change is a threat to sustainable livestock production and livelihoods in the tropics. It has adverse impacts on feed and water availability, disease prevalence, production, environmental temperature, and biodiversity. Unravelling the drivers of local adaptation and understanding the underlying genetic variation in random mating indigenous livestock populations informs the design of genetic improvement programmes that aim to increase productivity and resilience.

Principles of digital sequencing using unique molecular identifiers.

Massively parallel sequencing technologies have long been used in both basic research and clinical routine. The recent introduction of digital sequencing has made previously challenging applications possible by significantly improving sensitivity and specificity to now allow detection of rare sequence variants, even at single molecule level. Digital sequencing utilizes unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) to minimize sequencing-induced errors and quantification biases.

Epidemiological survival pattern, risk factors, and estimated time to develop tuberculosis after test and treat strategies declared for children living with human immune deficiency virus.

Background: Due to their age category and the immune-suppressing effects of HIV, children were more vulnerable to experience endogenous reactivation of latent bacilli in the lung and increased risk of active tuberculosis incidence. The aim of this study is to assess the survival pattern, risk factors, and estimated time to develop TB after children started ART at selected health facilities of North Wollo, Ethiopia, from November 1, to September 30, 2021.

Methods: Facility-based retrospective cohort study was employed from November 1 to September 30, 2021.

Tropical Data: Approach and Methodology as Applied to Trachoma Prevalence Surveys.

Purpose: Population-based prevalence surveys are essential for decision-making on interventions to achieve trachoma elimination as a public health problem. This paper outlines the methodologies of Tropical Data, which supports work to undertake those surveys.

Methods: Tropical Data is a consortium of partners that supports health ministries worldwide to conduct globally standardised prevalence surveys that conform to World Health Organization recommendations.

Prevalence of trachoma in Somali region, Ethiopia: results from trachoma impact surveys in 50 woredas.

Background: Following interventions to eliminate trachoma in Somali region, Ethiopia, we aimed to re-estimate the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) and trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) at woreda level and identify the factors associated with the disease.

Methods: We implemented cross-sectional community-based surveys in 50 trachoma-endemic woredas, using a standardized survey. Households were the secondary sampling unit.

Khat chewing and its associated factors among pregnant women in Chiro district, eastern Ethiopia: a community-based study.

Introduction: Despite its deleterious consequences, khat chewing is escalating worldwide. However, there is a lack of evidence about the extent of khat chewing among pregnant women in Ethiopia, particularly in the current study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of current khat chewing and its associated factors among pregnant women in Chiro district, eastern Ethiopia.

Prevalence of Trachoma After Three Rounds of Antibiotic Mass Drug Administration in 13 Woredas of Gambella Region, Ethiopia.

Background: Following baseline surveys in 2013 and 2014, trachoma elimination interventions, including three rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA), were implemented in 13 woredas (administrative districts) of Gambella Regional State, Ethiopia. We conducted impact surveys to determine if elimination thresholds have been met or if additional interventions are required.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based surveys were conducted in 13 woredas of Gambella Regional State, combined into five evaluation units (EUs), 6─12 months after their last MDA round.

Soil Particle Size Thresholds in Soil Spectroscopy and Its Effect on the Multivariate Models for the Analysis of Soil Properties.

This study focused on one of the few but critical sample preparations required in soil spectroscopy (i.e., grinding), as well as the effect of soil particle size on the FTIR spectral database and the partial least squares regression models for the prediction of eight soil properties (viz.

An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by Communities to Treat Various Diseases around Ensaro District, North Shewa Zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.

The study was conducted to investigate and document medicinal plants and associated knowledge on the utilization, management, preparation, and way of administration of the medicinal plant resources in Ensaro district, north Shewa zone, Ethiopia. A total of 100 informants were sampled from four study sites, and questionnaire surveys, semistructured interviews, ranking, and transect walk techniques were employed for data collection in midland, lowland, and highland agroecology and natural forests, riverine forests, and farmlands. Vast sources of the traditional healing knowledge of plant species conveyed from one generation to the next by word of mouth were from a family.

Incidence and Predictors of Inpatient Mortality Rate After Cases Started Care in the Intensive Care Unit in Debre Markos Referral Hospital.

Background: The intensive care unit (ICU) is a separate area in which potential health care services for patients who are in critical condition with detailed observation, monitoring, and advanced treatment than other units. This study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of inpatient mortality after inpatient treatment was started in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital.

Methods: A facility-based retrospective cohort study was employed among 384 ICU-admitted patients from December 30, 2020 to January 1, 2022.

Polymerase chain reaction-positivity and predictors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among diagnosed cases' in North West Ethiopia.

Background: The lack of sophisticated diagnosing equipment for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) during the incidence of variant types of COVID-19 underestimates the morbidity and mortality patterns of this pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to estimate seropositive and confirmatory predictors for COVID-19 suspected and tested cases through polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in two diagnosing.

Methods: facility-based descriptive cross-sectional study was employed among COVID-19 suspected cases from January 2, 2022, to June 9, 2022.