Recipients' and Environmental Factors Affecting the Pregnancy Rates of a Large, Fresh In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer Program for Dairy Cows in a Commercial Herd in China.

The main objective of this study was to determine the influence of the recipient dairy cows' breed, lactation number, estrus condition, the type, location and volume of the corpus luteum (CL) and the time of year that the embryo transfer (ET) was performed on the pregnancy rates of a large, fresh in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program for dairy cows in a commercial herd in China. The recipients were from a herd of dairy cows in Ningxia, a province in northwest China, and we statistically analyzed the data of 495 cows from 2021 to 2023. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCS) were isolated from follicular fluid obtained through ovum pick-up (OPU) and oocytes were incubated 20-22 h for in vitro maturation (IVM).

Reactive Oxygen Species Damage Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells via the Cytochrome C-mPTP Pathway.

After parturition, bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) undergo serious inflammation and imbalance between oxidation and antioxidation, which is widely acknowledged as a primary contributor to the development of endometritis in dairy cows. Nevertheless, the mechanism of oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and damage in bovine endometrial epithelial cells remains inadequately defined, particularly the molecular pathways associated with mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Hence, the present study was designed to explore the mechanism responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction-induced BEEC damage.

The miR-34b/MEK/ERK pathway is regulated by NR5A1 and promotes differentiation in primary bovine Sertoli cells.

Sertoli cells play a key role in testicular development and spermatogenesis. It has been suggested that Sertoli cells differentiate after their proliferation ceases. Our previous study showed that miR-34b inhibits proliferation by targeting MAP2K1 mediated MEK/ERK signaling pathway in bovine immature Sertoli cells.

Transcription Factor Nrf2 Modulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Injury in Bovine Endometrial Epithelial Cells.

Endometritis in high-yield dairy cows adversely affects lactation length, milk quality, and the economics of dairy products. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) occurs as a consequence of diverse post-natal stressors, and plays a key role in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Nuclear-factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important protective regulatory factor in numerous inflammatory responses.

A Comparative Proteomic Analysis to Explore the Influencing Factors on Endometritis Using LC-MS/MS.

The inflammatory system activated by uterine infection is associated with decreased fertility. Diseases can be detected in advance by identifying biomarkers of several uterine diseases. Escherichia coli is one of the most frequent bacteria that is involved in pathogenic processes in dairy goats.

Proteomic analysis of uterine lavage fluid of dairy cows at different time after delivery by mass spectrometry.

Endometritis is a common disease in the reproductive system, which is the infection and inflammation of the endometrium. In severe cases, it can affect the myometrium and adversely affect the subsequent fertility of dairy cows. We used a mass spectrometry-based technique to compare proteomics of uterine lavage fluid between healthy cows and cows with cytological endometritis classified according to 100-day postpartum pregnancy results and diagnosis result.

-Induced Necroptosis Promotes Mitochondrial Damage in Goat Endometrial Epithelial Cells.

Endometrial cell death is induced by bacterial infection, resulting in damage to the physical barriers and immune function. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of endometrial epithelial cell necroptosis might provide new insights into the treatment of uterine diseases. In the present study, we investigated the effect of on goat endometrial epithelial cell (gEEC) necroptosis, and the underlying molecular mechanism.

BtpB inhibits innate inflammatory responses in goat alveolar macrophages through the TLR/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome during Brucella infection.

Brucella species are infectious facultative intracellular pathogens. They have evolved multiple strategies to thwart immune responses and replicate in macrophages for chronic persistence in the host. As a Brucella effector, BtpB is transferred into target cells through the type IV secretion system.

The endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated unfolded protein response protects against infection of goat endometrial epithelial cells by via autophagy.

is an important bacterial pathogen of a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Autophagy plays a key role in eliminating in a process that is dependent on mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response also is critical for autophagy regulation.

Integrated Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Roles of Homolog of BAX Inhibitor 1 in Cell Division and Membrane Homeostasis of S2.

BAX inhibitor 1 (BI-1) is an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein first identified in a screening process for human proteins that suppress BAX-induced apoptosis in yeast cells. Eukaryotic BI-1 is a cytoprotective protein that suppresses cell death induced by multiple stimuli in eukaryotes. , the causative agent of brucellosis that threatens public health and animal husbandry, contains a conserved gene that encodes BI-1-like protein.

Luman/CREB3 knock-down inhibit hCG induced MLTC-1 apoptosis.

Luman has been reported to be involved in the formation of COP II-mediated transport vesicles that affect protein transportation and secretion. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and RT-qPCR indicated that Luman is widely expressed in the male mouse reproductive system. In sperm, Luman was mainly located in the sperm tail, and the expression level increased with sperm maturity.

Prostaglandin F2α Induces Goat Corpus Luteum Regression via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy.

Corpus luteum (CL) is a transient endocrine tissue that produces progesterone for maintaining pregnancy in mammals. In addition, the regression of CL is necessary for the initiation of the estrous cycle. Extensive research has shown that the prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) induces the regression of CL in ruminants.

Bta-miR-34b inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis via the MEK/ERK pathway by targeting MAP2K1 in bovine primary Sertoli cells.

Immature Sertoli cell (SC) proliferation determines the final number of mature SCs and further regulates spermatogenesis. Accumulating evidence demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in SC proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. However, the effect and molecular mechanism of miRNA on bovine immature SC remain to be poorly understood.

Melatonin suppresses milk fat synthesis by inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway via the MT1 receptor in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

Milk fat content is an important criterion for assessing milk quality and is one of the main target traits of dairy cattle breeding. Recent studies have shown the importance of melatonin in regulating lipid metabolism, but the potential effects of melatonin on milk fat synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) remain unclear. Here, we showed that melatonin supplementation at 10 μmol/L significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and resulted in lower lipid droplet formation and triglyceride accumulation.

Bta-miR-34b regulates milk fat biosynthesis by targeting mRNA decapping enzyme 1A (DCP1A) in cultured bovine mammary epithelial cells1.

Milk fat is a main nutritional component of milk, and it has become one of the important traits of dairy cow breeding. Recently, there is increasing evidence that microRNAs (miRNA) play significant roles in the process of milk fat synthesis in the mammary gland. Primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) were harvested from midlactation cows and cultured in DMEM/F-12 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 units/mL penicillin, 100 µg/mL streptomycin, 5 µg/mL bovine insulin, 1 µg/mL hydrocortisone, and 2 µg/mL bovine prolactin.

Fatty acid-binding protein 1 increases steer fat deposition by facilitating the synthesis and secretion of triacylglycerol in liver.

Castration is an important means of improving the beef quality via increasing fat deposition. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the fat deposition after castration. Here, the intramuscular fat (IMF) content of the steer group was shown to be much higher than the bull group.

COPS5 negatively regulates goat endometrial function via the ERN1 and mTOR-autophagy pathways during early pregnancy.

In ruminant, adequate endometrial function is a major factor affecting implantation and economic efficiency. However, the precise mechanisms regulating goat endometrial function during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy are still unclear. Here, we investigated the functional role and signal transduction of the fifth component of the constitutive photomorphogenic-9 signalosome (COPS5) in the regulation of endometrial function in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs).

Inhibition of Luman/CREB3 expression leads to the upregulation of testosterone synthesis in mouse Leydig cells.

Luman, also known as cAMP-response element-binding protein 3, is an endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein that has been identified as a novel transcriptional coregulator of a variety of nuclear receptors. Herein, immunohistochemistry results showed that Luman was specifically expressed in mouse Leydig cells in an age-dependent increase manner, from prepuberty to sexual maturation. Luman was not detected in Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules at any developmental period.

Interferon-τ regulates prostaglandin release in goat endometrial stromal cells via JAB1 - unfolded protein response pathway.

Prostaglandins (PGs) are major products of the uterine endometrium, and they are critical for recognition of pregnancy in ruminants. During the peri-implantation period of pregnancy, interferon tau (IFN-τ) plays an important role in the regulation of endometrial PGs synthesis, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this work, the results demonstrated that IFN-τ increased the PGE/PGF ratio, up-regulated the expression of JAB1 and activated the unfolded protein response (UPR).

CREB3 regulatory factor -mTOR-autophagy regulates goat endometrial function during early pregnancy.

In domestic ruminants, a receptive endometrium is crucial for successful pregnancy. Although many essential molecular modulators and pathways have been identified during early pregnancy, the precise mechanisms regulating goat endometrial function remains largely unknown. Here, we describe a novel regulator during early pregnancy, whereby hormones increased CREB3 regulatory factor (CREBRF) expression and act as a potential activator of autophagy in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) via the mTOR pathway.

MiR-27a-5p Increases Steer Fat Deposition Partly by Targeting Calcium-sensing Receptor (CASR).

Castration increases fat deposition, improving beef quality in cattle. Here, the steer group exhibited a significantly higher intramuscular fat (IMF) content than the bull group. To determine the potential roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in castration-induced fat deposition, differential expression patterns of miRNA in liver tissue were investigated in bulls and steers.

induces unfolded protein response and inflammatory response via GntR in alveolar macrophages.

is an intracellular bacterium that causes the zoonosis brucellosis worldwide. Alveolar macrophages (AM) constitute the main cell target of inhaled . thwarts immune surveillance and evokes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to replicate in macrophages via virulence factors.

Hormone regulates endometrial function via cooperation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and mTOR-autophagy.

In ruminant, the receptive endometrium and the elongation of the hatched blastocyst are required to complete the process of implantation. However, the mechanisms regulating goat endometrial function during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy are still unclear. In this study, EECs were treated with progesterone, estradiol, and interferon-tau (IFNT).

Melatonin promotes triacylglycerol accumulation via MT2 receptor during differentiation in bovine intramuscular preadipocytes.

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a derivative of tryptophan which is produced and secreted mainly by the pineal gland and regulates a variety of important central and peripheral actions. To examine the potential effects of melatonin on the proliferation and differentiation of bovine intramuscular preadipocytes (BIPs), BIPs were incubated with different concentrations of melatonin. Melatonin supplementation at 1 mM significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β, and C/EBPα expression and promoted the differentiation of BIPs into adipocytes with large lipid droplets and high cellular triacylglycerol (TAG) levels.