The role of 15 mA and 77.5 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation in blood pressure regulation: A post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at 77.5 Hz and 15 mA, targeting the forehead and mastoid areas, has proven efficacious in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) by simultaneously stimulating multiple brain nuclei and regions, many of which are critical for blood pressure regulation. This post hoc analysis aimed to assess the potential blood pressure-lowering effects of 77.

Prevalence and factors associated with fatigue in patients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.

Aims: To study the prevalence of fatigue and factors associated with fatigue in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BD).

Methods: Two hundred fifty-three outpatients with MDD or BD at the initial assessment were used to study the prevalence of fatigue and relationship between fatigue and other clinical correlates. The severity of fatigue was measured with Iowa Fatigue Scale (IFS), and depression and anxiety symptom-severity were measured with the QIDS-16-SR (the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Self-Report) and Zung-SAS (Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale).

Quantitative EEG reactivity induced by electrical stimulation predicts good outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest.

Background: EEG reactivity is a predictor for neurological outcome in comatose patients after cardiac arrest (CA); however, its application is limited by variability in stimulus types and visual assessment. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the quantitative analysis of EEG reactivity induced by standardized electrical stimulation and for early prognostication in this population.

Methods: This prospective observational study recruited post-CA comatose patients in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University (Beijing, China) between January 2016 and June 2023.

Role of Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine Infusion, and Deep Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Treatment-Resistant Bipolar Depression: A Case Report.

: Options for treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBPD) are limited. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has shown efficacy in TRBPD. However, the cognitive deficits and memory concerns associated with ECT are problematic for a significant number of patients.

Possible Role of Correlation Coefficients and Network Analysis of Multiple Intracellular Proteins in Blood Cells of Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Studying the Mechanism of Lithium Responsiveness: A Proof-Concept Study.

The mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness in bipolar disorder (BD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of correlation coefficients and protein-to-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses of intracellular proteins in monocytes and CD4 lymphocytes of patients with BD in studying the potential mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness. Patients with bipolar I or II disorder who were diagnosed with the MINI for DSM-5 and at any phase of the illness with at least mild symptom severity and received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.

Brain-wide activation involved in 15 mA transcranial alternating current stimulation in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder.

Background: Although 15 mA transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has a therapeutic effect on depression, the activations of brain structures in humans accounting for this tACS configuration remain largely unknown.

Aims: To investigate which intracranial brain structures are engaged in the tACS at 77.5 Hz and 15 mA, delivered via the forehead and the mastoid electrodes in the human brain.

Efficacy and Safety of Antidiabetic Agents for Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Depression: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trials.

Background: This meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of antidiabetic agents in the treatment of major depressive disorder and bipolar depression.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antidiabetic agents in major depressive disorder or bipolar depression were searched in three electronic databases and three clinical trial registry websites from their inception up to October 2023. The differences in changes in the depression rating scale scores from baseline to endpoint or pre-defined sessions, response rate, remission rate, rate of side effects and dropout rate between antidiabetic agents and placebo were meta-analyzed.

Evidence of a large current of transcranial alternating current stimulation directly to deep brain regions.

Deep brain regions such as hippocampus, insula, and amygdala are involved in neuropsychiatric disorders, including chronic insomnia and depression. Our recent reports showed that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with a current of 15 mA and a frequency of 77.5 Hz, delivered through a montage of the forehead and both mastoids was safe and effective in intervening chronic insomnia and depression over 8 weeks.

Comprehensive Analysis of Electronic Health Records to Characterize The Association Between Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) involves physical, emotional, and sexual harm to the survivor. To characterize the relationship between mental health and IPV, we utilized electronic health records (EHR) data from IBM Explorys. Focusing on 15 mental health conditions and IPV, we queried cohorts of patients with these conditions to discover additional medical terms, including symptoms, findings, and diagnoses that are prevalent in these cohorts.

Differences in intracellular protein levels in monocytes and CD4 lymphocytes between bipolar depressed patients and healthy controls: A pilot study with tyramine-based signal-amplified flow cytometry.

Background: Molecular biomarkers for bipolar disorder (BD) that distinguish it from other manifestations of depressive symptoms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if a very sensitive tyramine-based signal-amplification technology for flow cytometry (CellPrint™) could facilitate the identification of cell-specific analyte expression profiles of peripheral blood cells for bipolar depression (BPD) versus healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: The diagnosis of psychiatric disorders was ascertained with Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for DSM-5.

Divergent Directionality of Immune Cell-Specific Protein Expression between Bipolar Lithium Responders and Non-Responders Revealed by Enhanced Flow Cytometry.

: There is no biomarker to predict lithium response. This study used ™ enhanced flow cytometry to study 28 proteins representing a spectrum of cellular pathways in monocytes and CD4 lymphocytes before and after lithium treatment in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). : Symptomatic patients with BD type I or II received lithium (serum level ≥ 0.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation for treating depression: a randomized controlled trial.

Treatment of depression with antidepressants is partly effective. Transcranial alternating current stimulation can provide a non-pharmacological alternative for adult patients with major depressive disorder. However, no study has used the stimulation to treat first-episode and drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder.

Protein Biomarkers in Monocytes and CD4 Lymphocytes for Predicting Lithium Treatment Response of Bipolar Disorder: a Feasibility Study with Tyramine-Based Signal-Amplified Flow Cytometry.

Purpose: To determine if enhanced flow cytometry () can identify intracellular proteins of lithium responsiveness in monocytes and CD4 lymphocytes from patients with bipolar disorder.

Methods: Eligible bipolar I or II patients were openly treated with lithium for 16-weeks. Baseline levels of Bcl2, BDNF, calmodulin, Fyn, phospho-Fyn/phospho-Yes, GSK3β, phospho-GSK3αβ, HMGB1, iNOS, IRS2, mTor, NLPR3, PGM1, PKA C-α, PPAR-γ, phospho-RelA, and TPH1 in monocytes and CD4 lymphocytes of lithium responders and non-responders were measured with .

Cingulum bundle connectivity in treatment-refractory compared to treatment-responsive patients with bipolar disorder and healthy controls: a tractography and surgical targeting analysis.

Objective: The clinical response of patients with bipolar disorder to medical treatment is variable. A better understanding of the underlying neural circuitry involved in bipolar treatment responsivity subtypes may provide insight into treatment resistance and aid in identifying an effective surgical target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) specific to the disorder. Despite considerable imaging research related to the disease, a paucity of comparative imaging analyses of treatment responsiveness exists.

Correction of depression-associated circadian rhythm abnormalities is associated with lithium response in bipolar disorder.

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by episodes of depression and mania and disrupted circadian rhythms. Lithium is an effective therapy for BD, but only 30%-40% of patients are fully responsive. Preclinical models show that lithium alters circadian rhythms.

Image restoration for real-world under-display imaging.

Under-display imaging technique was recently proposed to enlarge the screen-to-body ratio for full-screen devices. However, existing image restoration algorithms have difficulty generalizing to real-world under-display (UD) images, especially to images containing strong light sources. To address this issue, we propose a novel method for building a synthetic dataset (CalibPSF dataset) and introduce a two-stage neural network to solve the under-display imaging degradation problem.

Associations Among Irritability, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein/Interleukin-6, and Depression in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Prospective Study.

Background: Association between irritability and depression has been frequently reported, but the nature of this association in the adult population is poorly understood.

Objectives: We examined associations among irritability (e.g.

Illness stage and predominant polarity in bipolar disorder: Correlation with burden of illness and moderation of treatment outcome.

Bipolar disorder often follows a set progression best described in stages where advanced stages are associated with poorer outcomes. Bipolar disorder is also often characterized by a predominance of episode polarity, where some individuals experience more depressive episodes (termed predominant depressive polarity) while others experience more hypo/manic episodes (termed predominant hypo/manic polarity). We examined the associations between staging and predominant polarity with measures of illness burden and treatment outcome utilizing data from a six-month comparative effectiveness trial of lithium and quetiapine in bipolar disorder (Bipolar CHOICE).

Efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy plus medication versus medication alone in acute mania: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Although some studies have reported the potential efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of acute mania, there is no consensus on the matter. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the efficacy and safety of ECT combination with medication (ECT-combo) vs. medication alone (Med-alone) in the treatment of acute mania.

Clinical predictors of non-response to lithium treatment in the Pharmacogenomics of Bipolar Disorder (PGBD) study.

Background: Lithium is regarded as a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), but partial response and non-response commonly occurs. There exists a need to identify lithium non-responders prior to initiating treatment. The Pharmacogenomics of Bipolar Disorder (PGBD) Study was designed to identify predictors of lithium response.

Safety and Tolerability of Both Arm Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With Major Depression: A Proof of Concept Study.

Purpose: A substantial proportion of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) does not respond or cannot tolerate to currently available treatments. This study was to assess the safety and tolerability of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning (RLIPC) as an adjunctive therapy in patients with MDD.

Patients And Methods: Enrolled patients underwent RLIPC, five cycles of simultaneous bilateral arm ischemia, 5 min and followed by reperfusion of each cycle, and once daily for eight consecutive weeks.

Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Treatment (SMART) for Bipolar Disorder at Any Phase of Illness and at least Mild Symptom Severity.

Objectives: To sequentially study the effectiveness of lithium and divalproex monotherapy and adjunctive therapy with quetiapine or lamotrigine in the acute and continuation treatment of bipolar I or II disorder at any phase of illness and at least mild symptom severity.

Methods: From June 2011 to December 2016, patients with bipolar I or II disorder (using DSM-IV diagnostic criteria) and CGI-S (Clinical Global Impression-Severity) ⩾ 3 were randomized to receive lithium or divalproex monotherapy for 2 weeks. Patients who had CGI-S-depression ⩾ 3 for 2 weeks at any time after 2-week monotherapy were randomly assigned to receive quetiapine or lamotrigine, or remaining on monotherapy for a total of 26 weeks.

The association between lithium use and neurocognitive performance in patients with bipolar disorder.

Lithium remains the gold standard for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD); however, its use has declined over the years mainly due to the side effects and the subjective experience of cognitive numbness reported by patients. In the present study, we aim to methodically test the effects of lithium on neurocognitive functioning in the largest single cohort (n = 262) of BD patients reported to date by harnessing the power of a multi-site, ongoing clinical trial of lithium monotherapy. At the cross-sectional level, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to examine potential group differences across neurocognitive tests [California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT trials 1-5,CVLT delayed recall), Wechsler Digit Symbol, Trail-making Test parts A and B (TMT-A; TMT-B), and a global cognition index].