A randomised controlled study on efficacy of midazolam and cartoon for decreasing preoperative anxiety in preschool children undergoing strabismus surgery.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect and influence of midazolam and cartoon on postoperative behaviour in reducing preoperative anxiety in preschool children.

Methods: Three hundred children undergoing monocular strabismus correction were divided into three groups: midazolam (M), cartoon (C), and CM. Preoperative anxiety scores, cooperation scores during anaesthesia induction, awakening time, emergence agitation, and postoperative adverse behaviours were recorded.

Hydrogel-Mediated Jamming of Exosome Communications That Counter Tumor Adaption in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.

Hypoxia, a common occurrence within solid tumors, can stimulate the dissemination of deceptive tumor exosomes, which function as communicative bridges and orchestrate the recruitment of various supportive cell types for enhanced tumor adaptability in a tumor immune microenvironment. Current nanotechnology provides us intelligent strategies to combat the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. However, once exposed to external stimuli, such as chemotherapy, tumor cells simultaneously release malignant signals to develop tumor migration and immunosuppression, posing challenges to clinical practice.

Nanomaterials: Recent Advances in Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment.

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most prevalent degenerative joint condition that places a substantial financial and medical burden on society. However, due to drawbacks such as inefficiency, adverse effects, and brief duration of action, the clinical efficacy of the current major therapies for knee OA is largely restricted. Therefore, novel medication development is highly required to address these issues.

Prognostic predictive modeling of non-small cell lung cancer associated with cadmium-related pathogenic genes.

Persistent exposure to low-dose of cadmium is strongly linked to both the development and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the precise molecular mechanism behind this relationship remains uncertain. In this study, cadmium-related pathogenic genes (CRPGs) in NSCLC were identified via differential expression analysis. NSCLC patient clusters related to CRPGs were constructed through univariate Cox and K-means clustering algorithms.

Associations of sleep disorders with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in cancer survivors: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES 2005-2016.

Background: The circadian clock and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling play important roles in oncogenesis and development of cancer. Sleep disorders have been linked to an elevated risk of mortality in general populations. Nonetheless, the evidence for the sleep disorders-mortality association among cancer patients is limited.

Predictive value of systemic immune-inflammation index in the high-grade subtypes components of small-sized lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Identification of micropapillary and solid subtypes components in small-sized (≤ 2 cm) lung adenocarcinoma plays a crucial role in determining optimal surgical procedures. This study aims to propose a straightforward prediction method utilizing preoperative available indicators.

Methods: From January 2019 to July 2022, 341 consecutive patients with small-sized lung adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection in thoracic surgery department of Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.

Ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block at the L2 level for postsurgical analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological surgery: a single-centre, randomised, double-blinded trial at a university-affiliated hospital in China.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of an ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block (QLB) at the L2 level on postoperative pain after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery.

Design: Prospective single-centre randomised double-blind trial.

Setting: University-affiliated hospital.

Transforms of Cell Surface Glycoproteins Charge Influences Tumor Cell Metastasis via Atypically Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Including Matrix Metalloproteinases and Cell Junctions.

Cell communication and signal transduction rely heavily on the charge on the cell surface. The cell surface is negatively charged, with glycoproteins on the cell membrane providing a large percentage of the charge. Sialic acid is found on the outermost side of glycan chains and contributes to glycoprotein's negative charge.

[Mechanisms of moxibustion preconditioning underlying improving learning-memory ability by regulating polarization of microglia via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in AD rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of moxibustion preconditioning on learning-memory ability, Toll like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signal pathway related proteins and microglia in rats with Alzheimer's disease (AD), so as to explore its possible mechanisms underlying improvement of AD.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, sham operation, AD model and pre-moxibustion groups, with 9 rats in each group. Moxibustion was applied to "Baihui"(GV20), "Shenshu"(BL23) and "Zusanli"(ST36) for 15 min, once daily, 6 days as a course of treatment for 3 courses.

Cytosolic JNK-dependent microtubule reassembly protects Jurkat leukemia cells from selenite-induced apoptosis.

Background: Selenite at high dosage exhibits great potential in curing tumors. It has been shown that selenite inhibits tumor growth through regulation of microtubule dynamics, however, the exact underlying mechanisms remained to be fully elucidated.

Methods & Results: Western blots were carried out to evaluate expression level of different molecules.

Efficacy of ultrasound-guided bilateral costal margin block in laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy: A double-blind randomized trial.

Background: Ultrasound-guided costal margin block (CMB) is a superficial and easily applicable technique. The current study aims to investigate its analgesic efficacy in patients undergoing laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy and describe its feasibility.

Methods: Forty-two patients undergoing laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy were enrolled in this prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

Bibliometric Analysis Reveals the Progress of PM in Health Research, Especially in Cancer Research.

PM has an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 microns due to its inherent physical and chemical properties so that it can enter the alveoli through the respiratory tract for blood gas exchange. Numerous studies have shown that PM is a serious air pollutant that poses a wide range of health risks, especially for cancer.

Radiotherapy prognosis-associated gene GCNT3 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Lung cancer is a life-threatening malignant tumour that is prevalent worldwide. Here, the GCNT3 gene in lung adenocarcinoma was studied via public databases, and cytology and molecular biology experiments were performed to further explore the role of this gene in lung adenocarcinoma. In this study, abnormally high GCNT3 expression levels were observed in tumour tissues compared with normal tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels.

Association between socio-economic factors and the risk of overweight and obesity among Chinese adults: a retrospective cross-sectional study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Background: With the rising prevalence of obesity and overweight, increasing number of scholars paid attention to the negative effects on human health and life. Recent years, many studies have focused on the relation of socio-economic factors with the risk of overweight or obesity, but findings have been inconsistent. This study investigated the relationship between socio-economic factors and the risk of overweight and obesity among Chinese adults.

[Involvement of miR-126-3p via mTOR/HIF-1α signaling pathway in effect of electroacupuncture on angiogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on miRNA-126-3p and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway in rats with cerebral ischemia (CI), so as to explore the underlying mechanism of EA on angiogenesis.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, EA group and EA+inhibitor group (inhibitor group), which were further divided into 3, 7 and 14 d subgroups, with 12 rats in each sub-group. The CI model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.

ATM/IKK alpha axis regulates the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis in selenite-treated Jurkat cells.

Selenium is an essential trace element. High dosage of selenite exhibits a great potential in treating leukemia. Previous study discovered selenite could promote leukemia cells apoptosis through inducing DNA damage and cell cycle arrest, while the switch mechanisms of these events and autophagy were still unclear.

[Effects of pre-moxibustion on expression of phosphorylated Tau protein and related protein kinases in hippocampal CA3 region of AD rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of pre-moxibustion at "Baihui"(GV20), "Shenshu"(BL23) and "Zusanli"(ST36) on expression of Tau protein and related protein kinases as glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), etc. in the hippocampal CA3 region of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats, so as to explore its mechanism underlying prevention and treatment of AD cognitive impairment.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control, sham operation， model and pre-moxibustion，with 9 rats in each group.

Dexmedetomidine prolongs the duration of local anesthetics when used as an adjuvant through both perineural and systemic mechanisms: a prospective randomized double-blinded trial.

Background: To study the respective peripheral and systemic mechanisms of action of dexmedetomidine, as adjuvant to regional anesthesia, we compared dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine for mid-forearm nerve blocks, to either systemic-only dexmedetomidine, and to a control with no dexmedetomidine.

Methods: Sixty patients undergoing hand surgery were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 per group). Each group underwent a triple-nerve (median, radial and ulnar) mid-forearm blocks with 0.

YTHDF2 Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma by Negatively Regulating the FAM83D-TGFβ1-SMAD2/3 Pathway.

Objective: YTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2) is an important N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, but its role in lung adenocarcinoma remains elusive. This study assessed its function in lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: YTHDF2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma was explored using public databases, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Clinical Proteomic Tumour Analysis Consortium (CPTAC).

Apelin-13 Reverses Bupivacaine-Induced Cardiotoxicity via the Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway.

Background: Cardiotoxicity can be induced by the commonly used amide local anesthetic, bupivacaine. Bupivacaine can inhibit protein kinase B (AKT) phosphorylation and activated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPKα). It can decouple mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and enhance reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.

Transmuscular quadratus lumborum block versus oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia in laparoscopic hysterectomy: a randomised single-blind trial.

Objective: The transmuscular quadratus lumborum (TQL) block and the oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane (OSTAP) block both contribute to multimodal analgesia after laparoscopic surgery. The objective of this study was to compare the analgesic effects of the TQL block versus OSTAP block after laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Design: Prospective single-centre randomised single-blind trial.

Comparison of the effect of different volumes ropivacaine on deep serratus anterior plane block in patients undergoing breast surgery: a prospective randomized double-blinded trial.

Background: A larger volume of local anesthetic provides a wider range of blocked sensory but carries a greater risk. The purpose of this trial was to compare the effect of different volumes of ropivacaine injected to deep serratus anterior plane in patients undergoing breast surgery.

Methods: In this randomized double-blind trial, 60 patients undergoing breast surgery were randomly allocated to R10, R20 and R30 groups (n=20), and received deep serratus anterior plane block with 10, 20 and 30 mL of 0.

[Advances in Hyperprogressive Disease in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immunotherapy].

Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) is a novel pattern of progression caused by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). It is characterized by a dramatic tumor surge and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Up to now, the definition of HPD is still controversial across various studies.

Single and Repeated Intrapleural Ropivacaine Administration: A Plasma Concentration and Pharmacodynamics Study.

Background: Intrapleural analgesia has been increasingly recommended for postoperative analgesia after thoracic surgery. However, the analgesic effect provided by a single intrapleural administration is time limited. This study reports the efficacy and safety of repeated intrapleural 0.

Ganoderic acid A attenuates high-fat-diet-induced liver injury in rats by regulating the lipid oxidation and liver inflammation.

Ganoderic Acid A (GA) has many pharmacological effects such as anti-tumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive effects. However, the protective effect of GA on liver injury has not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the action of GA on insufficient methionine and choline combined with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats.