Adjuvant Immunotherapy Does Not Improve Survival in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Major/Complete Pathological Response after Induction Immunotherapy.

Objective: In patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens in both neoadjuvant and perioperative settings demonstrate survival benefit. To date, no study has compared the efficacy between pure neoadjuvant and perioperative approaches, especially in patients who achieve substantial pathological responses.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with clinical stage II-IIIB NSCLC who achieved either major (MPR) or complete (pCR) pathological response after induction ICI plus chemotherapy followed by resection between 2019 and 2023 were identified from multicenter databases.

Combined Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy Induction for Screening of Patients with Cervical Esophageal Carcinoma for Subsequent Local Treatment: A New Treatment Paradigm.

Background: Definitive chemoradiotherapy is recommended as the primary treatment for cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC). However, local control rates remain unsatisfactory for some patients. Therefore, in this study, we introduced a new treatment paradigm for individuals with CEC, customizing the choice between subsequent local treatments based on their response to induction chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Long-Term Survival and Recurrence Patterns in Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients with Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Surgery.

Background: The higher pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not translated into significant gains in overall survival. Data on the long-term survival of patients who obtained a pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the long-term prognosis and recurrence patterns in these patients.

Perioperative Pembrolizumab for Early-Stage Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Among patients with resectable early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a perioperative approach that includes both neoadjuvant and adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition may provide benefit beyond either approach alone.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial to evaluate perioperative pembrolizumab in patients with early-stage NSCLC. Participants with resectable stage II, IIIA, or IIIB (N2 stage) NSCLC were assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive neoadjuvant pembrolizumab (200 mg) or placebo once every 3 weeks, each of which was given with cisplatin-based chemotherapy for 4 cycles, followed by surgery and adjuvant pembrolizumab (200 mg) or placebo once every 3 weeks for up to 13 cycles.

Erlotinib versus gemcitabine plus cisplatin as neoadjuvant treatment of stage IIIA-N2 EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: final overall survival analysis of the EMERGING-CTONG 1103 randomised phase II trial.

EMERGING-CTONG 1103 showed improved progression-free survival (PFS) with neoadjuvant erlotinib vs. chemotherapy for patients harbouring EGFR sensibility mutations and R0 resected stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (NCT01407822). Herein, we report the final results.

Risk factors for early local lymph node recurrence of thoracic ESCC after McKeown esophagectomy.

Objectives: Even underwent radical resection, some patients of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are still exposed to local recurrence in a short time. To this end, the present study sought to differentiate patient subgroups by assessing risk factors for postoperative early (within one year) local lymph node recurrence (PELLNR).

Methods: ESCC patients were selected from a prospective database, and divided into high- and low-risk groups according to the time of their local lymphatic recurrence (within one year or later).

Pre-operative oil ingestion reduces the probability of thoracic duct trunk ligation during esophagectomy.

Chylothorax is an important complication after esophagectomy. Ligation of the injured thoracic duct is the main method to prevent chylothorax after esophagectomy, but may be associated with adverse effects. Whether ligation of the injured tributary alone, keeping the main trunk intact, may suffice to prevent post-operative chylothorax is not well known.

Feasibility of same-day discharge following endoscopic submucosal dissection for esophageal or gastric early cancer.

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an established technique for the treatment of early gastrointestinal neoplasia. Generally, multi-day (M-D) admission is required for patients undergoing ESD due to potential complications.

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of a same-day (S-D) discharge strategy for ESD of the esophagus or stomach.

IGFBP1WNT3A Subtype in Esophageal Cancer Predicts Response and Prolonged Survival with PD-(L)1 Inhibitor.

PD-(L)1 inhibitor could improve the survival of locally advanced esophageal cancer (ESCA) patients, but we cannot tailor the treatment to common biomarkers. WNT signaling activation was associated with primary resistance to immunotherapy. In this study, we used our two clinical cohorts (BJCH = 95, BJIM = 21) and three public cohorts to evaluate and verify a new immunotherapeutic biomarker based on WNT signaling in ESCA patients.

Efficacy and safety of esophagectomy via left thoracic approach versus via right thoracic approach for middle and lower thoracic esophageal cancer: a multicenter randomized clinical trial (NST1501).

Background: Left thoracic approach (LTA) has been a favorable selection in surgical treatment for esophageal cancer (EC) patients in China before minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is popular. This study aimed to demonstrate whether right thoracic approach (RTA) is superior to LTA in the surgical treatment of middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC).

Methods: Superiority clinical trial design was used for this multicenter randomized controlled two-parallel group study.

Neoadjuvant Nivolumab plus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy confers a modest benefit over surgery alone for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In early-phase trials, nivolumab-based neoadjuvant regimens have shown promising clinical activity; however, data from phase 3 trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Methods: In this open-label, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients with stage IB to IIIA resectable NSCLC to receive nivolumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy or platinum-based chemotherapy alone, followed by resection.

Malignant transformation of heterotopic pancreas as middle esophagus adenocarcinoma-A rare case report and comprehensive literature review.

Heterotopic pancreas is a rare congenital abnormality that occurs during the growth and development process. It can be found in any part of the digestive tract, but the most common sites are the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum. Malignant transformation especially in the esophagus is rare.

Expert consensus on resection of chest wall tumors and chest wall reconstruction.

Chest wall tumors are a relatively uncommon disease in clinical practice. Most of the published studies about chest wall tumors are usually single-center retrospective studies, involving few patients. Therefore, evidences regarding clinical conclusions about chest wall tumors are lacking, and some controversial issues have still to be agreed upon.

Primary EWS/PNET of the lung with TP53 germline and SKT11 somatic mutation: A case report and review of the literature.

Primary pulmonary EWS/PNET is extremely rare. This report describes a 20 year-old man with primary pulmonary EWS/PNET with TP53 germline and SKT11 somatic mutation. After four neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles (VAC with alternating IE) combined with anlotinib, a left pneumonectomy was performed.