Comprehensive cultivation of the broiler gut microbiota guides bacterial isolation from chickens.

Chicken gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining their physiological health. However, the cultivability of chicken gut microbiota is not well understood, limiting the exploration of certain key gut bacteria in regulating intestinal health and nutritional metabolism. This study aimed to examine the cultivability of chicken cecal microbiota and to provide guidance for future chicken gut microbiota cultivation.

Poultry Nutrition: Achievement, Challenge, and Strategy.

Poultry, a vital economic animal, provide a high-quality protein source for human nutrition. Over the past decade, the poultry industry has witnessed substantial achievements in breeding, precision feeding, and welfare farming. However, there are still many challenges restricting the sustainable development of the poultry industry.

Heat Stress Impairs Male Reproductive System with Potential Disruption of Retinol Metabolism and Microbial Balance in the Testis of Mice.

Background: Heat stress (HS) has a harmful impact on the male reproductive system, primarily by reducing the sperm quality. The testicular microenvironment plays an important role in sperm quality.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism by which HS impairs the male reproductive system through the testicular microenvironment.

Alpha-class glutathione S-transferases involved in the detoxification of aflatoxin B in ducklings.

The objective of this study was to identify the key glutathione S-transferase (GST) isozymes involved in the detoxification of Aflatoxin B (AFB) in ducks' primary hepatocytes. The full-length cDNA encoding the 10 GST isozymes (GST, GST3, GSTM3, MGST1, MGST2, MGST3, GSTK1, GSTT1, GSTO1 and GSTZ1) were isolated/synthesized from ducks' liver and cloned into the pcDNA3.1(+) vector.

Increased Ingestion of Hydroxy-Methionine by Both Sows and Piglets Improves the Ability of the Progeny to Counteract LPS-Induced Hepatic and Splenic Injury with Potential Regulation of TLR4 and NOD Signaling.

Methionine, as an essential amino acid, play roles in antioxidant defense and the regulation of immune responses. This study was designed to determine the effects and mechanisms of increased consumption of methionine by sows and piglets on the capacity of the progeny to counteract lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge-induced injury in the liver and spleen of piglets. Primiparous sows ( = 10/diet) and their progeny were fed a diet that was adequate in sulfur amino acids (CON) or CON + 25% total sulfur amino acids as methionine from gestation day 85 to postnatal day 35.

Identification of FAM107A as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for prostate carcinoma.

FAM107A may have a dual role in regulating the biological functions of tumors; however, its role in prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) remains unknown. We analyzed FAM107A expression by employing databases to clarify its potential prognostic value for PRAD, as well as its role in the pathogenesis of PRAD. We observed that the FAM107A expression level is decreased in PRAD, and the reduced expression is considerably associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS).

A Hypercoagulable Hematological Metastasis Breast Cancer Model.

Background: The hypercoagulable status, which forms a vicious cycle with hematogenous metastasis, is a common systemic alteration in cancers. As modeling is a key approach in research, a model which is suitable for studying how the hypercoagulable status promotes hematogenous metastasis in breast cancer is urgently needed.

Methods: Based on the tumor-bearing period (TBP) and postoperative incubation period (PIP), 4T1-breast cancer models were constructed to evaluate coagulation and tumor burden to generate multiple linear regression-based lung metastasis prediction formula.

SANT, a novel Chinese herbal monomer combination, decreasing tumor growth and angiogenesis via modulating autophagy in heparanase overexpressed triple-negative breast cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Astragalus mongholicus, Solanum nigrum Linn, Lotus plumule, Ligusticum are widely used traditional herbal medicines for cancer treatment in China. They were typical drugs selected from Gubenyiliu II and series of formula (GYII), which were developed on the foundation of YIQIHUOXUEJIEDU theory. In the present study, four active ingredients (Astragaloside IV, α-solanine, neferine, and 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine) derived from medicines above were applied in combination as SANT.

Heparanase from triple‑negative breast cancer and platelets acts as an enhancer of metastasis.

Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is characterized by inherently aggressive behavior and lack of recognized molecular targets for therapy, poses a serious threat to women's health worldwide. However, targeted treatments have yet to be made available. A crosstalk between tumor cells and platelets (PLT) contributing to growth, angiogenesis and metastasis has been reported in numerous cancers.

Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted from Endophytic ETR-B22 by SPME-GC-MS and Their Inhibitory Activity against Various Plant Fungal Pathogens.

The use of antagonistic microorganisms and their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to control plant fungal pathogens is an eco-friendly and promising substitute for chemical fungicides. In this work, endophytic bacterium ETR-B22, isolated from the root of Gagnep., was found to exhibit strong antagonistic activity against 12 fungal pathogens found in agriculture.

Scutellaria barbata and Hedyotis diffusa herb pair for breast cancer treatment: Potential mechanism based on network pharmacology.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Scutellaria barbata and Hedyotis diffusa (SH) herb pair is extensively used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for efficacy enhancement in cancer treatment in China and Asian countries. Superior clinical efficacy observations based on high dosages (≥60 g) motivated us to explore appropriate dosages and the underlying mechanisms of action.

Aim Of The Study: To explore the efficacy and potential mechanisms of actions of SH through in vitro and in vivo experiments and network pharmacology.

Huayu Pill () Promotes Fluorescent Doxorubicin Delivery to Tumors in Mouse Model of Lung Cancer.

Objective: To study the effect and mechanism of Huayu Wan (, HYW) in combination of chemotherapy of tumor treatment.

Methods: HYW serum was added in Lewis cells to assess its impact on fluorescent doxorubicin delivery in vitro. Then, Lewis tumor cells was implanted in C57BL/6 mice via xenograft transplantation.

Investigation of the pharmacodynamic substances in dahuang zhechong pill that inhibit energy metabolism.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dahuang Zhechong pill (DHZCP) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma.

Aim Of The Study: Previous studies have found that DHZCP can exert anti-hepatocarcinoma effects and reverse drug resistance by inhibiting energy metabolism. The goal of this study was to further explore the pharmacodynamic substances that inhibit energy metabolism.

Novel Substituted Thiophenes and Sulf-Polyacetylene Ester from L.

Three new substituted bithiophenes (⁻), and one new sulf-polyacetylene ester, ritroyne A () were isolated from the whole plant of together with twelve known substituted thiophenes. The structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D NMR as well as MS. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of ritroyne A () was established by computational methods.

Orthotopic Injection of Breast Cancer Cells into the Mice Mammary Fat Pad.

A proper animal model is crucial for a better understanding of diseases. Animal models established by different methods (subcutaneous injections, xenografts, genetic manipulation, chemical reagents induction, etc.) have various pathological characters and play important roles in investigating certain aspects of diseases.

Role of prefrontal cortex in the extinction of drug memories.

It has been recognized that drug addiction engages aberrant process of learning and memory, and substantial studies have focused on developing effective treatment to erase the enduring drug memories to reduce the propensity to relapse. Extinction, a behavioral intervention exposing the individuals to the drug-associated cues repeatedly, can weaken the craving and relapse induced by drug-associated cues, but its clinic efficacy is limited. A clear understanding of the neuronal circuitry and molecular mechanism underlying extinction of drug memory will facilitate the successful use of extinction therapy in clinic.

Synergistic antitumor effects of rhein and doxorubicin in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic antitumor activity of rhein and doxorubicin (DOX) and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms in hepatocellular SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Cell growth curves, caspase-3 activity, and intracellular DOX accumulation were observed using an IncuCyte real-time video imaging system. Combination index was used to calculate synergistic potential of rhein and DOX.

Establishment of a murine breast tumor model by subcutaneous or orthotopic implantation.

A number of murine models are used to mimic the pathology of breast cancer. Tissue inoculation and cell inoculation using orthotopic implantation (OS) and subcutaneous implantation (SQ) are commonly used to generate murine models to investigate cancer. However, limited information is available in regard to the variations of these methods.

Effects of Dahuang zhechong pill on doxorubicin-resistant SMMC-7721 xenografts in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dahuang zhechong pill (DHZCP) is a famous traditional Chinese medicinal prescription from the "Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber (Jin Kui Yao Lue)",Lue)", an ancient Chinese medical classic. DHZCP is commonly used for clinical treatment of liver cancer by promoting blood circulation to dissolve blood stasis and by removing pathogenic vegetations.vegetations.

High expression of MAGE-A9 is associated with unfavorable survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Melanoma-associated antigens (MAGEs) are a group of well-characterized members of the cancer/testis antigen family, which are expressed in a variety of malignant tumors. MAGE-A9, a subfamily of MAGE-As, has been studied in a number of types of cancer and have been associated with unfavorable survival outcome. However, the expression of MAGE-A9 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and association of MAGE-A9 with the clinicopathological characteristics of ESCC, particularly prognostic characteristics, remains unknown.

Elemene inhibits the migration and invasion of 4T1 murine breast cancer cells via heparanase.

Elemene (ELE), a natural plant drug extracted from Curcumae Rhizoma, has been widely used for cancer treatment in China for more than 20 years. Although it is reported to be a broad‑spectrum anticancer drug, the mechanism underlying the action of ELE in the treatment of breast cancer remains to be fully elucidated. Heparanase, a mammalian endo‑D‑glucuronidase, is involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and thus promotes tumor progression and metastasis.

Gubenyiliu II Inhibits Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis Associated with Decreased Heparanase Expression and Phosphorylation of ERK and AKT Pathways.

II (GYII), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula used in our hospital, has shown beneficial effects in cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of GYII on murine breast cancer models. GYII showed significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis in the murine breast cancer model.

Inhibitory effects of Guben Yiliu Formula II (II) and its blood activation prescriptions on the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer xenografts in nude mice.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of Guben Yiliu Formula II(II, GFII) and its blood activation prescription (BAP) on the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer xenografts in nude mice, and explore their mechanisms of action.

Methods: After the establishment of the MCF-7 human breast cancer xenograft model in nude mice, the mice in the GFII and BAP groups were administered with GFII (6.56 g/mL) and BAP (1.