Non-linear relationship between basal serum albumin concentration and cardiac arrest in critically ill patients with end-stage renal disease: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum albumin concentration and the risk of cardiac arrest in critically ill patients with end-stage renal disease in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Design: This was a secondary analysis.

Setting: The Phillip electronic-ICU collaborative database from 2014 to 2015.

Food digestion by cathepsin L and digestion-related rapid cell differentiation in shrimp hepatopancreas.

Cathepsin L (CatL) has been readily localized in the large vacuole and in the apical complex of the digestive B-cell of the shrimp hepatopancreas. Immunogold technique revealed the occurrence of CatL in zymogen granule, digestive body and digestive vacuole of the B-cell in the hepatopancreas of Metapenaeus ensis. Coalescences of zymogen granule with sub-apical vacuole, and of two small digestive bodies were observed.

Complete, precise, and innocuous loss of multiple introns in the currently intronless, active cathepsin L-like genes, and inference from this event.

Retrotransposition typically generates pseudogenes. Here we demonstrate a different fate of the retro-processed genes through a novel mechanism in which the retro-processed genes still maintain their sequence intactness and the original functions. We show that the shrimp cathepsin L (CatL) gene MeCatL has lost all of its five introns.

Shrimp cathepsin L encoded by an intronless gene has predominant expression in hepatopancreas, and occurs in the nucleus of oocyte.

We have cloned the cDNA and genomic DNA of an active intronless cathepsin L from Metapenaeus ensis. The encoded enzyme has the shortest prosequence among cathepsin L subgroup. It was predominantly expressed in hepatopancreas with an expression level of at least 10 times higher than in any other tissues.