Stress Relaxation for Lead Iodide Nucleation in Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Porous lead iodide (PbI) film is crucial for the complete reaction between PbI and ammonium salts in sequential-deposition technology so as to achieve high crystallinity perovskite film. Herein, it is found that the tensile stress in tin (IV) oxide (SnO) electron transport layer (ETL) is a key factor influencing the morphology and crystallization of PbI films. Focusing on this, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiOTf) is used as an interfacial modifier in the SnO/PbI interface to decrease the tensile stress to reduce the necessary critical Gibbs free energy for PbI nuclei formation.

Prevalence of Site-Specific Infection and Macrolide and Fluoroquinolone-Associated Mutations in Men Who Have Sex with Men in Shenzhen, China.

Background: (MG) poses a growing public health concern due to the escalating antimicrobial resistance. We aimed to assess site-specific MG infection and its correlates and macrolide and fluoroquinolones mutations among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shenzhen, China.

Methods: Samples were obtained from different anatomic sites of MSM based on their sexual behavior.

Transcription factor Yy1 modulates Trem1 to control LPS-triggered neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in mouse astrocytes via the NF-κB pathway.

Dysfunction of astrocytes has a crucial role in the pathology of depression. Here, we aimed to define the exact action of the ubiquitous transcription factor (TF) Yin Yang-1 (Yy1) in depression pathogenesis and astrocytic dysfunction. A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was generated.

Accelerating the phase demodulation process based on a parallel Hilbert transform with overlapping computation for a laser heterodyne Doppler vibrometer.

A parallel Hilbert transform arctangent phase demodulation (PHT-ATAN) method based on overlapping computation is proposed for phase demodulation of laser heterodyne Doppler vibrometers. The method suppresses the end point effects by utilizing overlapping computation and data concatenation and accelerates phase demodulation through parallel processing. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that when the algorithm's parallelism is ≥4, the computation speed of this method increases by over 100% compared to traditional methods, while maintaining the signal-to-noise ratio and accuracy of the phase demodulation results.

Enzyme cascade nanozyme based colorimetric sensor for detection of uric acid as a biomarker of hyperuricemia.

A Cr-doped VO nanobelt (Cr/VO) with remarkable peroxidase-like activity was synthesized and coupled with uricase to catalyze the cascade reaction for  detection of uric acid. Notably, the affinity of Cr/VO for 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine dihydrochloride hydrate (TMB) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) is tenfold and 20-fold higher, respectively, than that of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The Cr/VO exhibits highly reactive and stable peroxidase activity at temperatures of 20-60 ℃.

Prediction of Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras Retention Time Using XGBoost Model Incorporated with Chromatographic Conditions.

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules that target undruggable proteins, enhance selectivity and prevent target accumulation through catalytic activity. The unique structure of PROTACs presents challenges in structural identification and drug design. Liquid chromatography (LC), combined with mass spectrometry (MS), enhances compound annotation by providing essential retention time (RT) data, especially when MS alone is insufficient.

Unveiling the nexus between irradiation and phase reconstruction in tin-lead perovskite solar cells.

Tin-lead perovskites provide an ideal bandgap for narrow-bandgap perovskites in all-perovskite tandem solar cells, fundamentally improving power conversion efficiency. However, light-induced degradation in ambient air is a major issue that can hinder the long-term operational stability of these devices. Understanding the specifics of what occurs during this pathway provides the direction for improving device stability.

Glycan Sequencing Based on Glycosidase-Assisted Nanopore Sensing.

Nanopores are promising sensors for glycan analysis with the accurate identification of complex glycans laying the foundation for nanopore-based sequencing. However, their applicability toward continuous glycan sequencing has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we present a proof-of-concept of glycan sequencing by combining nanopore technology with glycosidase-hydrolyzing reactions.

Plasma metabolomics profiles indicate sex differences of lipid metabolism in patients with Parkinson's disease.

The effect of sexual dimorphism on the metabolism of patients with Parkinson's disease has not been clarified. A group of patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls were recruited, and their clinical characteristics and plasma were collected. Untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based plasma metabolomics profiling was performed.

Preparation of antibacterial cellulose nanocrystals-graft-poly[2-(tert-butylamino) ethyl methacrylate] nanoparticles and their applications on creating wound dressings with a bacterial shielding property.

Bacterial infections in wounds, especially in patients with chronic conditions like diabetic wounds, pose significant treatment challenges. Addressing the susceptibility to infection is crucial, and the development of functional dressings to prevent bacterial invasion has proven a promising strategy. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), derived from bio-resources and functioning as nanoparticles (NPs), were modified with poly[2-(tert-butylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PTA) through atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to create CNCs-graft-PTA NPs (CNPs).

Mitochondrial-targeting strategies with homoharringtonine: A novel approach for chemoresistant rectal cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance poses a significant challenge in the treatment of rectal cancer, driving the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we established 5-FU-resistant rectal cancer cell lines (SW837-r, SNU-C1-r) and identified homoharringtonine (HHT) as a potent and selective anticancer agent through high-throughput drug screening of 291 compounds. HHT displayed the highest selective drug sensitivity score (sDSS), showing strong activity against resistant cells while sparing normal rectal epithelial cells.

Finite element analysis of additive manufactured porous peek artificial vertebral bodies in lumbar total en bloc spondylectomy.

Background: Lumbar total en bloc spondylectomy and internal fixation allows the removal of spinal tumors and the reconstruction of spinal stability. However, postoperative internal fixation failure due to unmatched spinal biomechanics remains obscure.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the biomechanical characteristics of additive manufactured (AM) porous polyetheretherketone (PEEK) artificial vertebral body for total en bloc spondylectomy and internal fixation.

Polarization division multiplexing link using a high-speed lithium niobate automatic polarization demultiplexer.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a polarization division multiplexing (PDM) link employing an integrated dual-polarization thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) modulator and an on-chip automatic polarization demultiplexer. The tracking speed of an 80-Gb/s PDM link achieves a maximum of 600 rad/s with a bit error rate (BER) below 2.4 × 10.

Totally Retroperitoneal One-Position Approach for Laparoscopic Radical Surgery in Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Clinical Trial Evaluation.

Background: The standard of care for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) traditionally involved open nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision. Despite the adoption of transabdominal laparoscopic one-stage nephroureterectomy to mitigate this, the persistently high rate of postoperative intestinal obstruction remains a clinical challenge. This study introduces an innovative approach: a single-position, completely retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephroureterectomy coupled with a 75-45-degree positional change for bladder cuff resection in the treatment of UTUC.

Efficacy of acupuncture combined with mirror therapy in the treatment of post-stroke limb movement disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Objective: To investigate whether the combination of acupuncture and mirror therapy can improve motor impairment in stroke patients.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Data Sources: CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, Vip, web of since, Cochrane database and CBM database.

Ultrasound treatment improved gelling and emulsifying properties of myofibrillar proteins from Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba).

Antarctic krill is a promising source of marine proteins with abundant biomass and excellent nutritional profile, but has poor technological properties. Ultrasonic treatment at power levels of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 W was applied to improve the technological properties of Antarctic krill meat, and the changes in physicochemical properties of myofibrillar proteins (MPs) were investigated. The results indicated that proper ultrasonic treatment significantly improved the gelling properties of Antarctic krill meat, in terms of a more uniform and stable gel texture and better water holding capacity, which were related to better cross-linking of MPs.

Microglia-derived Galectin-9 drives amyloid-β pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and overactivation of microglia contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the interaction between microglial activation and Aβ deposition in AD remains elusive. Here we revealed that Aβ activates microglia and promotes the release of Galectin-9 (Gal-9), a member of the β-galactoside-binding family of lectins. The levels of Gal-9 in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues of AD patients are higher than those in control subjects.

Regulation of nucleation and crystallization for blade-coating large-area CsPbBr perovskite light-emitting diodes.

Metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and large-area perovskite color conversion layers for liquid crystal display exhibit great potential in the field of illumination and display. Blade-coating method stands out as a highly suitable technique for fabricating large-scale films, albeit with challenges such as uneven nucleation coverage and non-uniformity crystallization process. In this work, we developed an in-situ characterization measurement system to monitor the perovskite nucleation, and crystallization process.

Association between the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: In both type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), previous studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding whether the levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) are significantly altered. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the changes of sRAGE levels in patients with T1DM and T2DM.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception until April 2024.

DecentralDC: Assessing data contribution under decentralized sharing and exchange blockchain.

The issue of data quality has emerged as a critical concern, as low-quality data can impede data sharing, diminish intrinsic value, and result in economic losses. Current research on data quality assessment primarily focuses on four dimensions: intrinsic, contextual, presentational, and accessibility quality, with intrinsic and presentational quality mainly centered on data content, and contextual quality reflecting data usage scenarios. However, existing approaches lack consideration for the behavior of data within specific application scenarios, which encompasses the degree of participation and support of data within a given scenario, offering valuable insights for optimizing resource deployment and business processes.

Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid and diacylglycerol on the crystallization behaviors of palm-based oil.

Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a novel functional structural lipid, but its application in base oils remains underexplored. This research investigated the effect of three liquid oils (groundnut oil, corn oil, and flaxseed oil), with varying polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (39.60, 69.

120 GOPS Photonic tensor core in thin-film lithium niobate for inference and in situ training.

Photonics offers a transformative approach to artificial intelligence (AI) and neuromorphic computing by enabling low-latency, high-speed, and energy-efficient computations. However, conventional photonic tensor cores face significant challenges in constructing large-scale photonic neuromorphic networks. Here, we propose a fully integrated photonic tensor core, consisting of only two thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) modulators, a III-V laser, and a charge-integration photoreceiver.

Distance guided generative adversarial network for explainable medical image classifications.

Despite the potential benefits of data augmentation for mitigating data insufficiency, traditional augmentation methods primarily rely on prior intra-domain knowledge. On the other hand, advanced generative adversarial networks (GANs) generate inter-domain samples with limited variety. These previous methods make limited contributions to describing the decision boundaries for binary classification.