The diterpenoid alkaloids.

The diterpenoid alkaloids are a family of extremely important natural products that have long been a research hotspot due to their myriad of intricate structures and diverse biological properties. This chapter systematically summarizes the past 11 years (2009-2019) of studies on the diterpenoid alkaloids, including the "so-called" atypical ones, covering the classification and biogenetic relationships, phytochemistry together with 444 new alkaloids covering 32 novel skeletons and the corrected structures, chemical reactions including conversion toward toxoids, synthetic studies, as well as biological activities. It should be noted that the synthetic studies, especially the total syntheses of various diterpenoid alkaloids, are for the first time reviewed in this treatise.

From concept to action: a united, holistic and One Health approach to respond to the climate change crisis.

It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet, which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health. Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan, but requires a united, holistic action and a paradigm shift from crisis response to an ambitious and integrated approach immediately. Recognizing the urgent needs to tackle the risk connection between climate change and One Health, the four key messages and recommendations that with the intent to guide further research and to promote international cooperation to achieve a more climate-resilient world are provided.

Three-Dimensional Choroidal Vascularity Index in High Myopia Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To characterize the choroidal vasculature in high myopic eyes by three-dimensional choroidal vascularity index (CVI) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Subjects And Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of 98 right eyes from 98 consecutive nonpathological myopic patients, including 46 high myopes (HM) and 52 low to moderate myopes (LMM). OCT and OCT angiography covering an area of 6 × 6 mm centered on the fovea was conducted with a commercially available SS-OCT device.

PARP-1 inhibitors enhance the chemosensitivity of leukemia cells by attenuating NF-кB pathway activity and DNA damage response induced by Idarubicin.

Idarubicin (IDA), an anthracycline antineoplastic drug, is commonly used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with reasonable response rates and clinical benefits. However, some patients still relapse, or do not respond, and suffer high fatality rates. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of PARP-1 may represent an important risk factor in AML patients.

Multi-responsive nanotheranostics with enhanced tumor penetration and oxygen self-producing capacities for multimodal synergistic cancer therapy.

Incorporation of multiple functions into one nanoplatform can improve cancer diagnostic efficacy and enhance anti-cancer outcomes. Here, we constructed doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded silk fibroin-based nanoparticles (NPs) with surface functionalization by photosensitizer (N770). The obtained nanotheranostics (N770-DOX@NPs) had desirable particle size (157 nm) and negative surface charge (-25 mV).

The inhibiting effect of Aspirin Triggered-Resolvin D1 in non-canonical pyroptosis in rats with acute keratitis.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Aspirin Triggered-Resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) as an anti-pyroptosis and anti-inflammatory agent on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute keratitis in Wistar rats.

Methods: Acute keratitis in rats were induced by LPS stromal injection. Inflammatory reaction was measured by clinical score and histological observations.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel procaine derivatives for intravenous anesthesia.

A series of novel procaine derivatives for intravenous anesthesia were prepared and evaluated by physicochemical properties and pharmacodynamic experiments in vivo and in vitro. Systematic optimization of procaine led to the identification of 6f, 6g, 6h, 6o, 6p and 6q with higher TI value and moderate log D. Compared with procaine (TI = 1.

Factors associated with the relapse in Ponseti treated congenital clubfoot.

Objectives: We retrospectively investigated the clinical materials to seek the factors that lead to relapse after using the Ponseti method.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all children with congenital clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method in our hospital from June 2008 to June 2013. The data included the following factors: age, gender, initial Pinari score, number of casts, number of feet (unilateral or bilateral), age at the first casting, age of mother, tenotomy, walking age, and compliance with using bracing.

First Measurement of Polarizations in the Decay D^{0}→ωφ.

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93  fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=3.773  GeV by the BESIII detector, the decay D^{0}→ωϕ is observed for the first time.

Characterization of Luminescent Down-Shifting Spectral Conversion Effects on Silicon Solar Cells with Various Combinations of Eu-Doped Phosphors.

Luminescent down-shifting (LDS) spectral conversion is a feasible approach to enhancing the short-wavelength response of single junction solar cells. This paper presents the optical and electrical characteristics of LDS spectral conversion layers containing a single species or two species of Eu-doped phosphors applied to the front surface of silicon solar cells via spin-on coating. The chemical composition, surface morphology, and fluorescence emission of the LDS layers were respectively characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, optical imaging, and photoluminescence measurements.

Kinetic Characteristics of Neutralizing Antibody Responses Vary among Patients with COVID-19.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to present a major challenge to public health. Vaccine development requires an understanding of the kinetics of neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: In total, 605 serum samples from 125 COVID-19 patients (from January 1 to March 14, 2020) varying in age, sex, severity of symptoms, and presence of underlying diseases were collected, and antibody titers were measured using a micro-neutralization assay with wild-type SARS-CoV-2.

Allosteric inhibition of SHP2 uncovers aberrant TLR7 trafficking in aggravating psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a complex chronic inflammatory skin disease with unclear molecular mechanisms. We found that the Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) was highly expressed in both psoriatic patients and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice. Also, the SHP2 allosteric inhibitor SHP099 reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in PBMCs taken from psoriatic patients.

Carotid Artery Perivascular Adipose Tissue Density Relates to Recanalization and Clinical Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) imaging can be used in clinical practice as a surrogate marker of vascular disease. We aimed to analyze the association between the density of carotid artery PVAT and clinical features and outcomes in stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. A total of 183 consecutive patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion were retrospectively included from January 2016 to May 2021.

Efficacy of combined orthokeratology and 0.01% atropine for myopia control: the study protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blind, and multicenter trial.

Background: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide and is presently recognized as a major public health issue. Researchers and clinicians have been devoted in exploring appropriate clinical interventions to slow its progression in children. Mounting publications have proven that both orthokeratology (OK lens) and 0.

Measurement of the Absolute Branching Fraction of D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ} via τ^{+}→e^{+}ν_{e}ν[over ¯]_{τ}.

Using a dataset of 6.32  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data collected with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4178 and 4226 MeV, we have measured the absolute branching fraction of the leptonic decay D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ} via τ^{+}→e^{+}ν_{e}ν[over ¯]_{τ}, and find B_{D_{s}^{+}→τ^{+}ν_{τ}}=(5.27±0.

Identification of Cald1 as a novel regulator of Linggui Zhugan decoction for improving insulin resistance in vivo and in vitro.

Objective: To identify Cald1 as a novel regulator of Linggui Zhugan decoction for improving insulin resistance in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups that were received a normal rat chow diet, high-fat diet (HFD), and an HFD plus LGZGD, respectively. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR) index was used to determine IR.

Survival prediction and conditional survival of primary central nervous system lymphoma: A population-based study.

Background: Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a rare and highly aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This study used population-based data to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of primary central nervous system lymphoma and develop a prediction model to estimate survival.

Methods: Patients' data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

Observation of D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e}.

Using 2.93  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data taken with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, the observation of the D^{0}→K_{1}(1270)^{-}e^{+}ν_{e} semileptonic decay is presented.

Combination of 0.05% Azelastine and 0.1% Tacrolimus Eye Drops in Children With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Prospective Study.

To compare the efficacy of the combination of 0. 05% azelastine and 0.1% tacrolimus eye drops with 0.

Lido-OH, a Hydroxyl Derivative of Lidocaine, Produced a Similar Local Anesthesia Profile as Lidocaine With Reduced Systemic Toxicities.

lidocaine is one of the most commonly used local anesthetics for the treatment of pain and arrhythmia. However, it could cause systemic toxicities when plasma concentration is raised. To reduce lidocaine's toxicity, we designed a hydroxyl derivative of lidocaine (lido-OH), and its local anesthesia effects and systemic toxicity were quantitively investigated.

First Measurement of the Absolute Branching Fraction of Λ→pμ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}.

The absolute branching fraction of Λ→pμ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ} is reported for the first time based on an e^{+}e^{-} annihilation sample of 10×10^{9}  J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at sqrt[s]=3.097  GeV. The branching fraction is determined to be B(Λ→pμ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ})=[1.

Efficacy and Safety of Fospropofol Disodium for Injection in General Anesthesia Induction for Adult Patients: A Phase 3 Trial.

Fospropofol disodium for injection (Fospropofol) is a prodrug that is metabolized into propofol to produce a general anesthesia effect when administered intravenously. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Fospropofol in comparison with propofol medium/long-chain fat emulsion injections (propofol-MCT/LCT) for general anesthesia induction in adult patients undergoing elective surgeries. Nine academic medical centers in China.

Comparative proteome analysis of form-deprivation myopia in sclera with iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics.

Objective: Scleral remodeling plays a key role in axial elongation in myopia. The aim of the present study was to identify the proteomics changes and specific signaling networks to gain insight into the molecular basis of scleral remodeling in myopic eyes.

Methods: Guinea pig form-deprivation myopia was induced with a translucent diffuser on a random eye for 4 weeks, while the other eye served as the contralateral control group.

Direct Measurement of the Branching Fractions B(ψ(3686)→J/ψX) and B(ψ(3770)→J/ψX), and Observation of the State R(3760) in e^{+}e^{-}→J/ψX.

We report a measurement of the observed cross sections of e^{+}e^{-}→J/ψX based on 3.21  fb^{-1} of data accumulated at energies from 3.645 to 3.