Morphological study of nymphal stages in Tenodera fasciata (Olivier, 1792) (Mantodea: Mantidae).

To date, no accurate identification method has been established for distinguishing mantis species of the genus Tenodera at all instar nymphal stages. In this paper, all instar nymphal stages of Tenodera fasciata (Olivier, 1792) are described in detail. This is the first step toward establishing an identification method for distinguishing the species from other members of the genus, particularly, T.

Small-angle scattering study of tetra-poly(acrylic acid) gels.

Tetra-poly(acrylic acid) (tetra-PAA) gels were fabricated by cross-end coupling of azide (-N) and alkyne (-C≡CH) terminated tetra-arm poly(-butyl acrylate)s. The structures of the tetra-PAA gels and their sols (tetra-PAA sols, i.e.

Dearomatizing conversion of pyrazines to 1,4-dihydropyrazine derivatives via transition-metal-free diboration, silaboration, and hydroboration.

Pyrazines and substituted pyrazines undergo addition of boron reagents having B-B, Si-B, and H-B bonds under transition-metal-free conditions, leading to high-yield synthesis of N-borylated 1,4-dihydropyrazines and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazine.

Regioselective synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyridines by rhodium-catalyzed hydroboration of pyridines.

Pyridine undergoes addition of pinacolborane at 50 °C in the presence of a rhodium catalyst, giving N-boryl-1,2-dihydropyridine in a high yield. The selective 1,2-hydroboration also takes place in the reactions of substituted pyridines. In the reaction of 3-substituted pyridines, 3-substituted N-boryl-1,2-dihydropyridines are formed regioselectively.

(E)- and (Z)-β-borylallylsilanes by alkyne silaboration followed by regio- and stereoselective double-bond migration.

Double take: β-Borylallylsilanes have been synthesized by the regioselective silaboration of terminal alkynes followed by palladium-catalyzed double-bond migration of the resulting β-borylalkenylsilanes. The stereoselectivity of the double-bond migration can be controlled by additives, thus leading to the stereocomplementary synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-β-borylallylsilanes.

Palladium-catalyzed regioselective silaboration of pyridines leading to the synthesis of silylated dihydropyridines.

The addition of silylboronic esters to pyridine takes place in toluene at 50 °C in the presence of a palladium catalyst to give N-boryl-4-silyl-1,4-dihydropyridines in high yield. The regioselective 1,4-silaboration also proceeds in the reaction of 2-picoline and 3-substituted pyridines, whereas 4-substituted pyridines undergo 1,2-silaboration to give N-boryl-2-silyl-1,2-dihydropyridines regioselectively.

Switch of regioselectivity in palladium-catalyzed silaboration of terminal alkynes by ligand-dependent control of reductive elimination.

The regioselectivity in the addition of silylboronic esters to terminal alkynes can be switched by the choice of phosphorus ligands on the palladium catalysts. The silaboration proceeds with normal regioselectivity in the presence of (eta(3)-C(3)H(5))Pd(PPh(3))Cl (1.0 mol %) to give 1-boryl-2-silyl-1-alkenes in high yields.

Palladium-catalysed cis- and trans-silaboration of terminal alkynes: complementary access to stereo-defined trisubstituted alkenes.

Palladium-catalysed cis- and trans-silaboration of terminal alkynes has been developed via the addition of (chlorodimethylsilyl)pinacolborane, followed by a one-pot conversion of the chloro group on the silicon atom to an isopropoxy group.