Time to intravenous diuretic administration in patients hospitalized with heart failure: An observational study.

Aims: To help establish optimized treatment strategies for congestion in patients with acute heart failure, this study aimed to provide a detailed summary of real-world diuretic use in hospitalized patients with heart failure requiring urgent therapy in Japan.

Methods And Results: This observational study used a Japanese medical records database to extract data of patients admitted to hospital with a heart failure diagnosis and an intravenous diuretic prescription from the day before admission to 2 days after. Time from hospital visit to first dose, second dose, and maximum dose of intravenous diuretics were determined.

Differential expression of alpha2D-adrenoceptor and eNOS in aortas from early and later stages of diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats.

The aim of the present study was to compare vascular dysfunction between the early (12 wk old) and later (36 wk old) stages of spontaneous diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. We also evaluated the aortic expression of the alpha(2D)-adrenoceptor and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Vascular reactivity was assessed in thoracic aortas from age-matched control rats and 12- and 36-wk GK rats.