Fermi surface in La-based cuprate superconductors from Compton scattering imaging.

Compton scattering provides invaluable information on the underlying Fermi surface (FS) and is a powerful tool complementary to angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and quantum oscillation measurements. Here we perform high-resolution Compton scattering measurements for LaSrCuO with x = 0.08 (T = 20 K) at 300 K and 150 K, and image the momentum distribution function in the two-dimensional Brillouin zone.

Long-term dynamics of a cladoceran community from an early stage of lake formation in Lake Fukami-ike, Japan.

An increase in nutrient levels due to eutrophication has considerable effects on lake ecosystems. Cladocerans are intermediate consumers in lake ecosystems; thus, they are influenced by both the bottom-up and top-down effects that occur as eutrophication progresses. The long-term community succession of cladocerans and the effects cladocerans experience through the various eutrophication stages have rarely been investigated from the perspective of the early-stage cladoceran community assemblage during lake formation.

Rapid prediction of past climate condition from lake sediments by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy.

This study explored the feasibility of rapid, nondestructive near-infrared (NIR) reflection spectroscopy for the prediction of conventional physical properties, carbon-nitrogen-sulfur (CNS) analysis, and concentration of inorganic components in sediment cores from a brackish lake. A long core sample, which consisted of well-preserved annually formed lamina from Lake Ogawara along the Pacific coast in Aomori Prefecture, northeastern Japan, was used to investigate the past environmental record. The core was previously analyzed for physical properties, CNS, and inorganic components.

Vibrational properties of CaAlH5 and α-AlH3 with different AlH6 networks studied by inelastic neutron scattering.

We performed a combined study using inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and first-principles calculations of the vibrational properties of CaAlH(5) and α-AlH(3) with different AlH(6) networks, a zigzag one-dimensional AlH(6) network for CaAlH(5), and a three-dimensional AlH(6) network for α-AlH(3). Both materials showed qualitatively similar INS spectra, in which CaAlH(5)/α-AlH(3) was mainly divided into three regions: (i) the translational modes (318/316 cm(-1)), (ii) the librational modes of the octahedral AlH(6) units (external molecular motion) in the lower frequency range and H-Al-H bond-bending modes (intra molecular motion) at a higher frequency (420-1157/513-1038 cm(-1)), and (iii) the Al-H bond-stretching modes (1238-1750/1486-1942 cm(-1)). In region ii, the appearance of both librational and bond-bending modes was determined by the networked nature of the octahedral AlH(6) units.

Possible link of a structurally driven spin flip transition and the insulator-metal transition in the perovskite La(1-x)Ba(x)CoO3.

The nature of the magnetic ground state near the insulator-metal transition (IMT) in La(1-x)Ba(x)CoO3 was investigated via neutron scattering. Below the critical concentration, x(c)∼0.22, a commensurate antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase appears initially.