Discovery of a novel methionine biosynthetic route -phospho-l-homoserine.

Methionine (Met), a sulfur-containing amino acid, is essential for the underlying biological processes in living organisms. In addition to its importance as a starting building block for peptide chain elongation in protein biosynthesis, Met is a direct precursor of -adenosyl-l-methionine, an indispensable methyl donor molecule in primary and secondary metabolism. bacteria are well known to produce diverse secondary metabolites, but many strains lack canonical Met pathway genes for l-homocysteine, a direct precursor of Met in bacteria, plants, and archaea.

Mycobacterium-Induced Reactive Arthritis in an Older Adult With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The use of immunosuppressive medications to treat rheumatoid arthritis may trigger the activation of latent mycobacteria, leading to infection. These infections can lead to reactive arthritis. Conversely, both reactive and rheumatoid arthritis may be encountered in the geriatric population.

Constitutive and high gene expression in the diaminopimelate pathway accelerates ε-poly-L-lysine production in Streptomyces albulus.

Streptomyces albulus NBRC14147 produces a homopoly(amino acid), ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL). Due to its antibiotic activity, thermostability, biodegradability, and non-toxicity to humans, ε-PL is used as a food preservative. In this study, homology searches of diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway genes (dapB and dapE), in an S.

Pivotal role for S-nitrosylation of DNA methyltransferase 3B in epigenetic regulation of tumorigenesis.

DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) catalyze methylation at the C5 position of cytosine with S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Methylation regulates gene expression, serving a variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles. The chemical mechanisms regulating DNMT enzymatic activity, however, are not fully elucidated.

Survey of potentially inappropriate prescriptions for common cold symptoms in Japan: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Common cold is among the main reasons patients visit a medical facility. However, few studies have investigated whether prescriptions for common cold in Japan comply with domestic and international evidence.

Objective: To determine whether prescriptions for common cold complied with domestic and international evidence.

Promoting Effect of α-Tocopherol on Beige Adipocyte Differentiation in 3T3-L1 Cells and Rat White Adipose Tissue.

Thermogenic adipocytes that are distinct from classical brown adipocytes (beige adipocytes) were identified in 2012. Beige adipocytes are also called inducible brown adipocytes because their differentiation is induced by a number of physiological stimuli, including adrenaline or myokines. PPARγ is the master regulator of adipogenesis and promotes thermogenic adipocyte differentiation.

Abnormalities in cadmium fluoride kinetics in serum, bile, and urine after single intravenous administration of toxic doses to rats.

Cadmium fluoride (CdF2, CdF for short) is the most lethal and hepatotoxic of all Cd-containing compounds. The toxic effects of CdF appear to depend on its detoxification and elimination. This study was designed to determine the early dynamics of the absorption, systemic distribution, and metabolism of CdF.

Harmful effects and acute lethal toxicity of intravenous administration of low concentrations of hydrofluoric acid in rats.

The acute toxicity of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) was investigated in a 24-h lethal dose study of intravenous infusion in rats. The lethal dose lowest (LDLo) and LD50 were 13.1 and 17.

Strong acute toxicity, severe hepatic damage, renal injury and abnormal serum electrolytes after intravenous administration of cadmium fluoride in rats.

Cadmium fluoride (CdF) is commonly used as an insulator for ulta high speed mass telecommunications equipment, and there is a considerable risk that industrial workers will inhale CdF particles. Despite the possibility that acute exposure can cause harmful systemic effects, there are no studies to date that address the health consequences of acute CdF exposure. This study therefore aimed to determine the acute lethal dose of CdF and its effects on various target organs, including the liver and kidney.

Urinary yttrium excretion and effects of yttrium chloride on renal function in rats.

Evaluation of yttrium exposure in biological samples has not been fully examined. To evaluate yttrium nephrotoxicity, yttrium chloride was orally administered to male Wistar rats and the urine volume (UV) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and creatinine excretion (Crt) were measured in 24-h urine samples. The urinary yttrium concentration and excretion rate were determined by inductively coupled plasma-argon emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).

Urinary and serum titanium: assessment as an indicator of exposure to ammonium citratoperoxotitanate (IV) and its influence on renal function.

Ammonium citratoperoxotitanate IV (TAS-FINE) is a water-soluble titanium complex used to synthesize a photocatalytic titanium(IV) oxide film. This study was aimed to investigate the LD50, dose-response, time-course response, and renal toxicity of TAS-FINE using an animal model. Serum titanium (S-Ti) and its 24-h urinary excretion (U-Ti) were determined by inductively coupled plasma-argon emission spectrometry (ICPAES) after a single oral TAS-FINE administration to male Wistar rats.

Determination of reference concentrations of strontium in urine by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish reference concentrations of urinary strontium by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).

Methods: For the determination of strontium, urine samples were collected from healthy Japanese (n=146; 115 males, 31 females; mean age, 33±9 years; age range, 18 to 58 years). The urine samples stored at or below -20°C were thawed with incubation at 40°C for 30 min and sediments were dissolved by vigorous shakings.