An exceptionally well-preserved monodominant fossil forest of Wataria from the lower Miocene of Japan.

Byttneriophyllum tiliifolium is a leaf fossil-species of the family Malvaceae that was distributed widely throughout Eurasia from the Miocene to the Pliocene. An affinity to some Malvadendrina subfamilies has been suggested for Byttneriophyllum-bearing plants, but remains to be clarified due to insufficient information on other organs. Here, we report an exceptional lower Miocene fossil locality in Japan where a monodominant forest of the wood fossil-species Wataria parvipora flourished.

Clinical features and outcomes of spine surgery in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objectives: The study aimed to comprehend the clinical features and outcomes of surgical treatments for spinal disorders in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients with AS who underwent spine surgery between 2000 and 2019 in our facility.

Results: Thirteen patients with AS underwent spine surgeries.