Social anxiety disorder in adolescents who stutter: A risk for school refusal.

Background: Stuttering is a childhood-onset fluency disorder. Part of the counseling for middle and high school students with persistent stuttering is related to school refusal. Anxiety disorders are known to contribute to school refusal.

Type I Thyroplasty Is Safe in Patients Undergoing Antithrombotic Therapy.

Introduction: Type I thyroplasty is one of the most useful surgeries for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. The study objective was to determine whether type I thyroplasty is safe and perioperative antithrombotic management is acceptable in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy.

Methods: This is a single-hospital retrospective cohort study.

Tracheoesophageal Diversion and Puncture for Preserving Phonation in Intractable Aspiration: A Case Series.

Objective/hypothesis: Tracheoesophageal diversion (TED) can prevent damage to the respiratory system in patients with swallowing disorders and/or repetitive aspiration pneumonia; however, TED may cause the loss of phonation. Our previous study demonstrated that TED with tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) prevents aspiration while retaining phonation. In this study, we aimed to further evaluate the feeding status and phonation of patients who underwent TED with TEP to verify the reproducibility of this procedure.

Awareness of stuttering in Japanese children aged 3-7 years.

Background: Boey et al. (2009) devised a questionnaire for measuring children's awareness of stuttering and showed that even very young children were often aware of their stuttering. There has been no replication of studies using Boey et al.

Tracheoesophageal diversion improves oral uptake of food: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Tracheoesophageal diversion (TED) is an effective therapeutic procedure for intractable aspiration. In this study, we performed TED in cases of intractable aspiration and/or repetitive pneumonia, investigated the main route of nutritional uptake after the procedure, and evaluated the swallowing method using videofluoroscopy. We also evaluated the validity of TED for treating intractable aspiration.

A case of multiple system atrophy-parkinsonian type with stuttering- and palilalia-like dysfluencies and putaminal atrophy.

Both developmental and acquired stuttering are related to the function of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop, which includes the putamen. Here, we present a case of stuttering- and palilalia-like dysfluencies that manifested as an early symptom of multiple system atrophy-parkinsonian type (MSA-P) and bilateral atrophy of the putamen. The patient was a 72-year-old man with no history of developmental stuttering who presented with a stutter for consultation with our otorhinolaryngology department.

Kinematic evaluation of penetration and aspiration in laryngeal elevating and descending periods.

Objectives: It is important to evaluate swallowing movements by dividing them into periods of laryngeal closure and release. The purpose of this study was to evaluate penetration-aspiration (PA) according to human pathophysiology and to identify the factors for predicting PA.

Study Design: Case-control study.

Videoendoscopy worsens swallowing function: a videofluoroscopic study. A randomized controlled trial.

Aspiration pneumonia is a cause of mortality in the elderly. Evaluating swallowing function is important. Videofluoroscopy and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing are comparable; however, observing all swallowing dynamics is impossible using the latter approach.

Long-term outcomes of type I thyroplasty with silicone implantation: Assessment of excised laryngeal tissue from a patient with secondary hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Here we describe the long-term outcomes of type I thyroplasty (TP-I) with silicone block implantation through histopathological assessments in a male patient who underwent pharyngolaryngectomy for secondary hypopharyngeal carcinoma 7 years after silicone implantation. A 66-year-old man presented with esophageal carcinoma and underwent subtotal esophagotomy. Subsequently, his left vocal fold exhibited fixation in a paramedian position, and he underwent TP-I with silicone block implantation 2 years after the primary esophageal surgery.

Tracheobronchomegaly associated with laryngo-tracheal amyloidosis: First case report.

Tracheobronchomegaly (TBM) is a rare enlargement of the tracheal cartilage, also known as Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS). Here, we describe an unusual case of acquired TBM in an adult, caused by amyloid regeneration and associated tracheal weakening, rather than by MKS. CT scan and fiberscopic examination of a 55-year-old woman suffering from severe dyspnea revealed TBM and subglottic stenosis, which was caused by deposition of amyloid tissue.

Evaluation of water content around airway in obstructive sleep apnea patients using peripharyngeal mucosal T2 magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common sleep disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of airway closure which usually occurs in the retropalatal region of the oropharynx. It has been known that upper airway mucosa in OSA patients is described as edematous, but not fully clarified.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and establish magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameter to estimate tissue water content at retropalatal level and its relationship with sleep parameters in OSA patients.

Videofluoroscopic assessment of pharyngeal stage delay reflects pathophysiology after brain infarction.

Objectives/hypothesis: The pathophysiology of dysphagia caused by brain infarction varies with the site of the lesion in the brain. Patients with suprabulbar lesions have demonstrated delayed triggering of pharyngeal stage including delayed laryngeal elevation. Patients with severe pharyngeal stage delay have a high risk of intractable aspiration to the lower respiratory tract.

Multidimensional voice evaluation in pretreatment glottic carcinoma.

It is generally accepted that, in glottic carcinoma, the voice will deteriorate, even in the early stages. This paper reports the degree of hoarseness and multidimensional vocal evaluation of glottic carcinoma patients. Forty-seven male glottic carcinoma patients and a control group of 13 normal subjects were included in this study involving psychoacoustic evaluation by doctors, acoustic analysis, phonogram, maximum phonation time and stroboscopy before treatment.