[The expected role of Dementia Support Doctors in dealing with complex cases of older people with dementia].

Aim: The present studyinvestigated the roles expected of Dementia Support Doctors (DSDs) in dealing with complex cases.

Methods: The participants were attendees of the education programs organised by the Center for Promoting Dementia Support and the Medical Center for Dementia at the Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital from April 2021 to March 2022. A self-administered postal questionnaire survey was conducted.

Suppression of amyloid-β secretion from neurons by cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid, an isomer of conjugated linoleic acid.

Two common conjugated linoleic acids (LAs), cis-9, trans-11 CLA (c9,t11 CLA) and trans-10, cis-12 CLA (t10,c12 CLA), exert various biological activities. However, the effect of CLA on the generation of neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) protein remains unclear. We found that c9,t11 CLA significantly suppressed the generation of Aβ in mouse neurons.

GPR120 Signaling Controls Amyloid-β Degrading Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the extensive deposition of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in the brain. Brain Aβ level is regulated by a balance between Aβ production and clearance. The clearance rate of Aβ is decreased in the brains of sporadic AD patients, indicating that the dysregulation of Aβ clearance mechanisms affects the pathologic process of AD.

Dietary cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid reduces amyloid β-protein accumulation and upregulates anti-inflammatory cytokines in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is an isomer of linoleic acid (LA). The predominant dietary CLA is cis-9, trans-11-CLA (c-9, t-11-CLA), which constitutes up to ~ 90% of total CLA and is thought to be responsible for the positive health benefits associated with CLA. However, the effects of c-9, t-11-CLA on Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain to be elucidated.

Relationship between pedestrian detection specifications of parking sensor and potential safety benefits.

Measures to protect vulnerable road users during low-speed maneuvers are required. For example, systems that use cameras to display the vehicle's rearview are popular. However, some vehicles are difficult to equip with a rear view camera system.

Incidence and distribution of subtypes of early-onset dementia in Japan: A nationwide analysis based on annual performance reports of the Medical Centers for Dementia.

Aim: Investigating the incidence rate of early-onset dementia is challenging. We explored the incidence rate of early-onset dementia in Japan using annual performance reports from the Medical Centers for Dementia.

Methods: Medical Centers for Dementia are specialized health services for dementia established as part of Japan's national health program.

Neuromuscular Activation Differences During Gait in Patients With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Healthy Adults.

Objective: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of genetic disorders affecting connective tissue. Symptoms include joint and ligament laxity. The objectives of this study were to compare muscle activation, joint angles, and spatiotemporal parameters during gait, and to compare isometric strength between participants with EDS (hypermobility and classical subtypes) and healthy adults.

Pathological complete response after preoperative chemotherapy including FOLFOX plus bevacizumab for locally advanced rectal cancer: A case report and literature review.

Background: In Japan, the significance and efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy alone for locally advanced rectal cancer remain controversial. This case report presents the apparent effectiveness of preoperative FOLFOX plus bevacizumab as shown by pathological complete response (pCR). Additionally, we review the relevant literature and discuss the clinical management of locally advanced rectal cancer with preoperative chemotherapy.

Exploratory research on outcomes for individuals missing through dementia wandering in Japan.

Aim: To clarify the factors related to outcomes of individuals missing through dementia wandering.

Methods: We carried out binary logistic regression analysis with 160 family members of missing persons (88 survivors, 72 decedents).

Results: Living alone at the point of going missing (OR 13.

Gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland mucosa type localized in the submucosa: A case report.

Rationale: Gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland type (GA-FG) is a new histological type of gastric cancer manifesting with differentiation into a fundic gland. Furthermore, gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland mucosa type (GA-FGM) is a tumor that shows differentiation into not only a fundic gland but also foveolar epithelium and a mucous gland. These tumors tend to invade the submucosal layer.

Collision tumor consisting of a colorectal adenocarcinoma and dissemination of a gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: Collision tumors, composed of histologically distinct tumor types, are rare entities, especially in the colorectum, and corresponding evidence-based clinical management or treatment strategies are poorly defined. This is the first report of a collision tumor composed of two histologically distinct adenocarcinomas.

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old male showed severe anemia and a 10% body weight loss over 1 month.

Assessing competence at a higher level among older adults: development of the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (JST-IC).

Background And Aims: Older adults' ever-improving health and changing lifestyles necessitate the development of a scale that can better measure their competence at a higher level. We developed the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (JST-IC) via item analysis and assessed its psychometric properties.

Methods: Participants were 1306 community-dwelling older adults (623 men and 683 women, 74.

Dysregulated Metabolism of the Amyloid-β Protein and Therapeutic Approaches in Alzheimer Disease.

Amyloid-β protein (Aβ) is the main component of senile plaques in the brains of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Aβ is proteolytically derived from amyloid-β precursor protein by β- and γ-secretases. Secreted Aβ is then eliminated from the central nervous system by multiple clearance mechanisms, including phagocytosis, immune responses, and proteolytic degradation.

Enlarged mediastinal air cyst in a patient with bronchial diverticula localized in the left main bronchus: a case report with surgical and bronchoscopic findings.

Background: A mediastinal air cyst is a rare computed tomography (CT) finding. Once the lesion is identified, it is difficult to diagnose and treat. Meanwhile, bronchial diverticula have been reported as a CT finding observed in certain pulmonary pathologic conditions.

[A study on the mortality patterns of missing and deceased persons with dementia who died due to wandering].

Aim: To clarify the mortality patterns derived from differences in the causes of death and to subsequently promote search activity and prevent the death of missing persons.

Methods: The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) performed a mail survey using a self-administered questionnaire. The families of all 388 deceased dementia patients from among all of the missing persons reports involving dementia patients that were submitted to the police in 2013, and the 10,322 missing persons with dementia (or suspected cases) were the subjects of this survey.

Age-Related Renal Microvascular Changes: Evaluation by Three-Dimensional Digital Imaging of the Human Renal Microcirculation Using Virtual Microscopy.

The renal microvasculature is targeted during aging, sometimes producing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Overdiagnosis of CKD in older persons is concerning. To prevent it, a new concept of "healthy aging" is arising from a healthy renal donor study.

Spontaneous regression of breast angiosarcoma after conservative treatment with radiotherapy: a case report and review of the literature.

Angiosarcoma of the breast is a rare disease, and approximately 1 % of all affected patients are treated with breast-conserving therapy (BCT) and radiotherapy (RT) for primary breast cancer. The prognosis for this tumor is quite dismal, with high rates of recurrence and poor overall survival. This report presents the case of a 73-year-old female who underwent BCT followed by RT for left breast carcinoma 18 years previously.

Development of the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence to Assess Functional Capacity in Older Adults: Conceptual Definitions and Preliminary Items.

Improvement in the health of older people and changes in their lifestyles necessitate a scale that can better measure their competence at a higher level. This study describes the development process of the Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (JST-IC) by (a) refining conceptual definitions and developing preliminary items and (b) examining the basic properties of the items. Participants were 1,253 septuagenarians (539 men and 714 women) living in communities, who were asked to judge whether they were independent via 88 items.

High-resolution three-dimensional digital imaging of the human renal microcirculation: An aid to evaluating microvascular alterations in chronic kidney disease in humans.

We have developed a new virtual microscopy method, with two- and three-dimensional (2D, 3D) synchronization, that enables visualization of the human renal microvasculature. The method was used to evaluate 120-150 serially cut sections of paraffin-embedded human renal tissue from nephrectomized samples. Virtual microscopy images of sections double-immunostained with antibodies against CD34 (an endothelium marker) and smooth muscle actin (an arterial media marker) and stained with periodic acid-Schiff were processed using digital imaging analysis software.

Gastric bronchogenic cyst histologically diagnosed after laparoscopic excision: report of a case.

Abdominal computed tomography of a 71-year-old man revealed a 3-cm mass in gastric cardia. Although the mass was widely attached to the gastric wall, no clear contrast enhancement was observed. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed the mass to have homogenous high intensity on T2W1 images and isointensity on T1W1 images.

[Spontaneous tension hemothorax due to rupture of a solitary fibrous tumor of the posterior mediastinum].

A 37-year-old man was transported by ambulance to our hospital due to abrupt chest pain. The pain began when he was practicing a combative-type sport. He denied any impact or blunt trauma.