[Remifentanil does not increase urine output during oral surgery, contrary to its effect during other surgeries - a cohort study].

Background: An increase in urine output by remifentanil injection during laparoscopic procedures and surgeries such as cardiac and gynecological procedures, due to suppression of the stress response to surgery, has been reported. The aim of our prospective, observational, cohort study was to assess the effect of remifentanil analgesia on urine output during dental and minor oral surgery by comparing intraoperative urine output under defined infusion volumes with and without the use of remifentanil.

Methods: Dental patients aged 16 years or older, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1, with no renal diseases or abnormal blood values of serum creatinine and BUN, not on treatment with diuretic drugs, and undergoing minor oro-maxillofacial surgery or dental treatment under inhalation general anesthesia were included in this study.

Hypotonic fluid reduce serum sodium compared to isotonic fluids during anesthesia induction in pediatric patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery-type of infusion affects blood electrolytes and glucose: an observational study.

Background: Reportedly, administration of hypotonic fluids containing 30.8-74 mEq/L sodium with 5 % glucose may lead to serious hyponatremia or hyperglycemia. In Japan, hypotonic fluids containing 90 mEq/L sodium with 2.

Dexmedetomidine Dose Dependently Enhances the Local Anesthetic Action of Lidocaine in Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block: A Randomized Double-Blind Study.

Background And Objectives: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) dose dependently enhances the local anesthetic action of lidocaine in rats. We hypothesized that the effect might also be dose dependent in humans. We evaluated the effect of various concentrations of DEX with a local anesthetic in humans.

Acoustic method respiratory rate monitoring is useful in patients under intravenous anesthesia.

Respiratory depression can occur during intravenous general anesthesia without tracheal intubation. A new acoustic method for respiratory rate monitoring, RRa (Masimo Corp., Tokyo, Japan), has been reported to show good reliability in post-anesthesia care and emergency units.

Cuff depth and continuous chest auscultation method for determination of tracheal tube insertion depth in nasal intubation: observational study.

Background: Incorrect endobronchial placement of the tracheal tube can lead to serious complications. Hence, it is necessary to determine the accuracy of tracheal tube positioning. Markers are included on tracheal tubes, in the process of their manufacture, as indicators of approximate intubation depth.

Associations between blood pressure responses to acute stress and impaired renal function and serum uric acid level.

The study aimed to examine correlations between blood pressure (BP) responses to direct laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation and parameters of renal function, serum uric acid (SUA) level, and mean preoperative BP. Fifty-four patients (≥ 40 years) who were scheduled for oral surgery were analyzed. General anesthesia was induced by the rapid sequence method without opioid analgesics.

Required propofol dose for anesthesia and time to emerge are affected by the use of antiepileptics: prospective cohort study.

Background: We investigated the impact of the type of neurological disorder on the required propofol dose for anesthesia and the time to emerge from anesthesia during dental treatment in patients with autism (AU), cerebral palsy (CP), and intellectual disability (ID), some of whom also had epilepsy.

Methods: We studied 224 patients with a neurological disorder who underwent dental treatment under intravenous general anesthesia. Patients were categorized according to neurological disorder (AU, CP, and ID; and with or without an antiepileptic).

Appropriate head position for nasotracheal intubation by using lightwand device (Trachlight).

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the head position and the subsequent ease of nasotracheal intubation by using the lightwand device Trachlight (TL). Patients requiring nasotracheal intubation were subdivided into 3 groups according to the intubated head position (group S: sniffing position; group E: extension position; and group N: neutral position). The number of attempts, the total intubation time, and the failures of the TL intubation were recorded.

A styletted tracheal tube with a posterior-facing bevel reduces epistaxis during nasal intubation: a randomized trial.

Purpose: Epistaxis is a common complication of nasal intubation. Ease of insertion of the tracheal tube may be influenced by bevel orientation and tip bending. We examined ease of insertion and epistaxis with two tubes with different orientations and with or without a stylet to modify tip bending.

Associations between the autonomic nervous system and the second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram indices.

Aim: The indices of the second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram(SDPTG) denote stiffness of large arteries, peripheral vascular resistance and vascular aging. However, the association between the autonomic nervous activity and the SDPTG indices has not yet been elucidated.

Methods: The SDPTG and heart rate variability(HRV) were consecutively measured in the sitting position on the day before surgery in 168 patients 18-89 years of age.

Dexmedetomidine dose-dependently enhances local anesthetic action of lidocaine.

Purpose: The combination of α2-adrenoceptor agonists, such as dexmedetomidine (DEX) and clonidine, with local anesthetics has been found to extend the duration of peripheral nerve blocks, probably owing to the resultant local vasoconstriction in the peripheral nerves. However, because the clear elucidation of the effect of DEX requires examination of the local anesthetic effect with DEX alone and the combination of various concentrations of DEX with local anesthetics, we evaluated the local anesthetic effect of various concentrations of DEX alone and with a local anesthetic.

Materials And Methods: The present study assessed the tail-flick (TF) latencies after injection of the appropriate drug in male Sprague-Dawley rats, using an epidural model that allowed constant pain stimulation intensity, dispersion of the anesthetic, and a precise injection site and dose.

[A case of tracheal intubation for apnea with epidural opioid in recovery room after operation under general anesthesia].

We report a 68-year-old, American Society of Anesthesiologists Class I (ASA I), female patient scheduled for malignant uterine adnexal tumor surgery and revascularization for ovarian cancer. An epidural catheter was inserted at T12-L1 for 5 cm. Anesthesia was induced with remifentanil (0.

Features of lateral cephalograms associated with difficult laryngoscopy in Japanese children undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Background: Difficult laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation are occasionally encountered in children with congenital anomalies or micrognathia. However, no study has elucidated anatomical etiology in relation to craniofacial development.

Methods: Two hundred ten patients aged 8 months-18 years were analyzed.

Establishment of an animal model of sedation using epidural anesthesia that uses the tail-flick test for evaluating local anesthetic effects in rats.

The tail-flick (TF) test is the most frequently used method to measure pain levels and assess the effects of anesthesia. In this study, we performed the TF test in rats sedated via an indwelling epidural catheter and then examined the effectiveness of this method in evaluating the local anesthetic effects. First, an epidural catheter was inserted into the epidural space, and anesthetic [lidocaine (L) or lidocaine including adrenaline (AL)] or normal saline (NS) was administered.

Unrecognized bronchial intubation associated with the uncuffed pediatric tracheal tube with bilateral Murphy eyes.

Background: Unreliability of breath sounds auscultation after intubation is reportedly mainly related to the presence of the Murphy eye. This study was performed to ascertain whether an uncuffed pediatric tracheal tube with bilateral Murphy eyes increases the risk of unrecognized bronchial intubation, compared to an uncuffed tube without eyes.

Methods: Following induction of anesthesia in 50 toddlers, either an uncuffed tube without eyes or an uncuffed tube with bilateral eyes was inserted into the trachea.

Preoperative autologous blood donation and acute normovolemic hemodilution affect intraoperative blood loss during sagittal split ramus osteotomy.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) using low-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch (LMW-HES) on intraoperative blood loss in patients who had received preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) and had undergone sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO).

Methods: Patients who had undergone SSRO were analyzed. All 250 patients received PABD of 400-800 mL until 2 weeks before surgery.

A morphological analysis of thalamocortical axon fibers of rat posterior thalamic nuclei: a single neuron tracing study with viral vectors.

The rostral sector of the posterior thalamic nuclei (POm) is, together with the ventral posterior nuclei (VP), involved in somatosensory information processing in rodents. The POm receives inputs from the spinal cord and trigeminal nuclei and projects to the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex and other cortical areas. Although thalamocortical axons of single VP neurons are well known to innervate layer (L) 4 of the S1 cortex with distinct columnar organization, those of POm neurons have not been elucidated yet.

Responses of the second derivative of the finger photoplethysmogram indices and hemodynamic parameters to anesthesia induction.

The finger photoplethysmogram (PTG) is a non-invasive method for pulse-wave analysis. The second derivative wave of the PTG (SDPTG) enables evaluation of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular aging. Responses of SDPTG indices and hemodynamic parameters to anesthesia induction are unknown.

[Case of fulminant-malignant hyperthermia occurring on sixth sevoflurane anesthesia].

We report a case of fulminant-malignant hyperthermia that occurred after five uneventful sevoflurane anesthetic procedures. A 7-year-old girl with bronchial asthma was scheduled for closure of palatal fistula under general anesthesia, after five previous uneventful operations under sevoflurane anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and vecuronium, and maintained with nitrous oxide, oxygen, and sevoflurane.

[ S-shaped suction catheter for intraoperative intermaxillary fixation].

Background: Orthognathic surgery for maxillofacial deformities and open reduction of mandibular fractures may require intermaxillary fixation during the surgical procedure. Extubation with intraoperative intermaxillary fixation is highly dangerous, because nasal bleeding and postoperative vomiting can cause airway obstruction and aspiration pneumonia. To prevent these complications, we routinely use an S-shaped suction catheter in patients with intraoperative intermaxillary fixation.