Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Intradiscal Condoliase Injection Therapy for Lumbar Disc Herniation.

Background and Objectives: Intradiscal injection of Condoliase (chondroitin sulfate ABC endolyase), a glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzyme, is employed as a minimally invasive treatment for lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and represents a promising option between conservative treatment and surgical intervention. Since its 2018 approval in Japan, multiple single-site trails have highlighted its effectiveness, however, the effect of LDH types, and influences of patient age, sex, etc., on treatment success remains unclear.

The enhancement of CCL2 and CCL5 by human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells might contribute to inflammatory suppression and axonal extension after spinal cord injury.

Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) have shown potential in facilitating recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) through communicating with microglia/macrophages (MG/MΦ). We here focused on chemokines as a candidate for the communication. Selected MG/MΦ-related chemokines were determined gene expression after SCI and further focused CCL2/CCR2 and CCL5/CCR5 to estimate role of the chemokines by hMSCs.

[New function of PACAP on hematopoiesis through PACAP specific receptor (PAC1R)].

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide, and exists diverse physiological functions such as a cell protection, anti-inflammation, and neuronal proliferation and differentiation. There are many evidences that PACAP contributes to the neuronal developmental processes during embryonic periods and after the birth, and that PACAP is involved in the development in ectodermal origin including nervous system. However, few evidences have been reported that PACAP contributes to the development of the other germ layer.

Intrapancreatic injection of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells alleviates hyperglycemia and modulates the macrophage state in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in insulin dependency and hyperglycemia. While transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMMSCs) have been explored as an alternative therapeutic approach for diseases, the choice of delivery route may be a critical factor determining their sustainability. This study evaluated the effects of intrapancreatic and intravenous injection of human BMMSCs (hBMMSCs) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic mouse model.