Deep sequencing of the T cell receptor visualizes reconstitution of T cell immunity in mogamulizumab-treated adult T cell leukemia.

Although the anti-CCR4 antibody mogamulizumab (moga) shows striking antitumor activity against adult T cell leukemia (ATL), it can also cause fatal immunological pathology such as severe skin rash and graft-versus-host disease, which might be attributed to depletion of CCR4 regulatory T cells. We previously showed that next generation sequencing enables precise analysis of the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, and we here used the technique to reveal the immunological dynamics in moga-treated ATL patients. Treatment with moga resulted in remarkable reduction or elimination of clonal cells, and enhanced reconstitution of non-tumor polyclonal CD4 T cells and oligoclonal CD8 T cells.

Overexpression of p16(INK4a) in Mastocytosis (Urticarial Pigmentosa).

The expression of p16(INK4a) has been reported to induce cell-cycle arrest and cellular senescence. The p16(INK4a) expression has never been examined in human mast cells and mastocytosis. We immunohistologically examined the expression of p16(INK4a) and tryptase in 5 normal human skin and 4 mastocytosis.

Effector Regulatory T Cells Reflect the Equilibrium between Antitumor Immunity and Autoimmunity in Adult T-cell Leukemia.

The regulatory T cells (Treg) with the most potent immunosuppressive activity are the effector Tregs (eTreg) with a CD45RA(-)Foxp3(++)CCR4(+) phenotype. Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells often share the Treg phenotype and also express CCR4. Although mogamulizumab, a monoclonal antibody to CCR4, shows marked antitumor effects against ATL and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, concerns have been raised that it may induce severe autoimmune immunopathology by depleting eTregs.

Rituximab-containing Chemotherapy (R-CHOP)-induced Kaposi's Sarcoma in an HIV-negative Patient with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.

Rituximab treatment may cause or exacerbate Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated multicentric Castleman's disease. Despite the widespread use of rituximab, rituximab-induced KS has not yet been reported in HIV-negative patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We herein report a case of KS that developed after undergoing rituximab-containing chemotherapy in an HIV-negative patient with DLBCL.

Antioxidant Houttuynia cordata extract upregulates filaggrin expression in an aryl hydrocarbon-dependent manner.

The plant Houttuynia cordata, which is called "dokudami" in Japanese, is known as a potent antioxidant herb that has been traditionally consumed as a folk medicine for various ailments, such as diabetes, obesity, cough, fever and skin diseases, in Asia. However, its antioxidant mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Houttuynia cordata extract (HCE) on human keratinocytes.

The first identification and retrospective study of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Japan.

Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), a novel bunyavirus reported to be endemic in central and northeastern China. This article describes the first identified patient with SFTS and a retrospective study on SFTS in Japan.

Methods:  Virologic and pathologic examinations were performed on the patient's samples.

Combination cryosurgery with hyperthermia in the management of skin metastasis from breast cancer: A case report.

Introduction: Skin metastases may impair the quality of life due to physical appearance, odour, and bleeding.

Presentation Of Case: A 70-year-old woman presented with two enlarging nodules (measuring 12 cm and 3 cm in diameter) consistent with metastatic breast cancer in the left subclavicular area. The larger tumour did not respond to initial cryosurgery.

Successful treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-induced periungual inflammation with adapalene.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are increasingly used for cancer treatment, but commonly carry dermatologic side effects. Periungual inflammation is a particularly painful condition that additionally worsens quality of life. In this paper, we report 3 cases of successful treatment of periungual inflammation induced by 3 different EGFR inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib, and cetuximab) with topically applied adapalene.