Integrated Cognitive Architecture for Robot Learning of Action and Language.

The manner in which humans learn, plan, and decide actions is a very compelling subject. Moreover, the mechanism behind high-level cognitive functions, such as action planning, language understanding, and logical thinking, has not yet been fully implemented in robotics. In this paper, we propose a framework for the simultaneously comprehension of concepts, actions, and language as a first step toward this goal.

Anti-Diastereoselective Synthesis of CF3-Containing Spirooxazolines and Spirooxazines via Regiospecific Trifluoromethylative Spirocyclization by Photoredox Catalysis.

A novel synthesis of CF3-containing spirooxazolines and spirooxazines has been developed. Regiospecific trifluoromethylative spirocyclization (CF3-spirocyclization) of cyclic alkenes bearing an amide pendant mediated by photoredox catalysis is a useful strategy for construction of a C(sp(3))-CF3 bond and an spirooxazoline or spirooxazine ring onto C═C bonds via a single step. The key intermediate is α-CF3-substituted carbocationic species smoothly generated from single-electron-transfer (SET) photoredox processes, which results in diastereoselective spirocyclization.

Regiospecific Intermolecular Aminohydroxylation of Olefins by Photoredox Catalysis.

A simple and regiospecific aminohydroxylation of olefins by photoredox catalysis has been developed. N-protected 1-aminopyridinium salts are the key compounds and serve as amidyl radical precursors by the action of Ir photocatalysts, fac-[Ir(ppy)3] and [Ir(ppy)2 (dtbbpy)](PF6) (ppy=2-pyridylphenyl, dtbbpy=4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine). The present photocatalytic system allows for synthesis of vicinal aminoalcohol derivatives from olefins with various functional groups under mild reaction conditions with easy handling.

Visible-light-induced hydroalkoxymethylation of electron-deficient alkenes by photoredox catalysis.

Hydroalkoxymethylation of electron-deficient alkenes using alkoxymethyltrifluoroborates by photoredox catalysis has been developed. Highly reactive alkoxymethyl radicals can be easily generated from oxidation of alkoxymethyltrifluoroborates via a visible-light-induced SET process.