Multiple esophageal ulcers due to tofacitinib 10 mg twice daily for ulcerative colitis.

A 26-year-old man was admitted to our institution for ulcerative colitis treatment. He used mesalamine, steroid, immunomodulators, and anti-TNFα anti-body, but it was difficult to maintain remission. We started induction therapy with tofacitinib (TOF) 10 mg twice daily.

Relationship between endoscopic mucosal healing and histologic inflammation during remission maintenance phase in ulcerative colitis: a retrospective study.

 Recently, histological inflammation has been suggested to be an important predictor of sustained remission or relapse of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we retrospectively compared severity of histological inflammation with endoscopic findings in UC patients with mucosal healing (MH) in the remission maintenance phase, and investigated whether histological healing could be a predictor of sustained remission.  This study included 166 patients with MH in the remission maintenance phase.

A Cross-sectional Survey of the Clinical Manifestations and Underlying Illness of Cough.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify factors affecting the final diagnosis of cough.

Materials And Methods: This study recruited 463 consecutive patients who visited five Japanese general hospitals due to cough from October 2006 to September 2007. Of these, 418 patients (90%) who completed a questionnaire designed to acquire data regarding clinical manifestations of cough were included.

An Open-Label, Multi-Institutional, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Additive Effect of a Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist on Cough Score in Patients with Cough-Variant Asthma Being Treated with Inhaled Corticosteroids.

Cough-variant asthma is one of the most common reasons for chronic cough. It is important to treat appropriately cough-variant asthma because 30% to 40% of cough-variant asthma becomes a typical asthma. However, little is known about the treatment of cough-variant asthma except for inhaled corticosteroid (ICS).

Hematemesis due to Drug Allergy to Oral Prednisolone in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis.

The patient was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and received remission induction therapy with prednisolone. While they developed muscle pain in the lower extremities after starting prednisolone, they ultimately achieved clinical remission. After discharge, hematemesis and gastric discomfort developed.

Enantioselective Aza-Wacker-Type Cyclization Promoted by Pd-SPRIX Catalyst.

An enantioselective aza-Wacker-type reaction was developed. When alkenyl sulfonamide substrates were treated with the Pd-SPRIX catalyst in the presence of oxone as an oxidant, the olefin was attacked intramolecularly by the nitrogen nucleophile to construct several heterocycles such as morpholines, piperazines, piperidines, and their benzo-fused derivatives in up to 88% yield with up to 80% ee.

Jejunal Metastasis from Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

A 76-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma associated with alcoholic cirrhosis was hospitalized for lightheadedness and melena. He had undergone multiple surgeries and had been treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and sorafenib. Neither upper nor lower gastrointestinal endoscopy detected the source of bleeding.

Endoscopic balloon dilation for stenotic lesions in Crohn's disease.

Background/aims: Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) can serve as an alternative to surgery for intestinal stenosis associated with Crohn's disease (CD). However, there has been controversy regarding the efficacy and safety of EBD. Here we sought to determine the therapeutic efficacy and safety of EBD for intestinal stenosis in CD.

Timing for dose-down of 5-ASA depends on mucosal status with ulcerative colitis.

Objective: Although aminosalicylic acid (ASA) preparations have been used as first-line drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), no consistent view has been established regarding the ASA dose during the remission-maintenance phase of the disease. In this study, we examined whether the ASA dose should be reduced during the remission-maintenance phase.

Materials And Methods: This study included 203 patients in the remission-maintenance phase of UC.

Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C-H Arylation of Isoxazoles at the 5-Position.

A palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of isoxazoles with aryl iodides has been achieved. The C-H bond at the 5-position is activated selectively to give coupling products in moderate to good yields. This direct arylation was applied to the synthesis of a spiro-type chiral ligand, which proved to be most effective to the palladium-catalyzed tandem cyclization of a dialkenyl alcohol.

Structural Features and Asymmetric Environment of i-Pr-SPRIX Ligand.

Novel chiral diisopropyl spiro bis(isoxazoline) ligands, anti-i-Pr-SPRIX and syn-i-Pr-SPRIX, were designed and synthesized. Their catalytic utility, X-ray crystallographic analyses, and complexation studies demonstrated the structural features of tetraisopropyl spiro bis(isoxazoline) ligand, i-Pr-SPRIX, which is a prominent ligand in various enantioselective Pd catalytic processes: All i-Pr groups work in collaboration to create an effective asymmetric environment.

Pd-catalyzed enantioselective intramolecular α-arylation of α-substituted cyclic ketones: facile synthesis of functionalized chiral spirobicycles.

Catalytic synthesis of chiral spirocyclic ketones was accomplished via the Pd-catalyzed intramolecular α-arylation of α-substituted cyclic ketones. The obtained spirocyclic ketone could be converted into a bifunctional organocatalyst.

Palladium enolate umpolung: cyclative diacetoxylation of alkynyl cyclohexadienones promoted by a Pd/SPRIX catalyst.

A novel palladium-catalyzed reaction involving an unusual nucleophilic attack on a palladium enolate was developed using a spiro-bis(isoxazoline) (SPRIX) ligand. Treatment of alkynyl cyclohexadienone substrates with a Pd/SPRIX catalyst in acetic acid under an oxygen atmosphere furnished diacetoxylated benzofuranone derivatives in good yields. This cyclative diacetoxylation proceeded enantioselectively in the presence of an optically pure SPRIX ligand.

Enantioselective Pd(II)-Pd(IV) catalysis utilizing a SPRIX ligand: efficient construction of chiral 3-oxy-tetrahydrofurans.

Novel enantioselective catalysis involving a Pd(II)-Pd(IV) cycle was developed by utilizing a SPRIX ligand. Treatment of alkenyl alcohols with a catalytic amount of Pd-SPRIX and TfOH in the presence of PhI(OAc)2 gave optically active 3-oxy-tetrahydrofuran derivatives in good yields.

DFT study of a 5-endo-trig-type cyclization of 3-alkenoic acids by using Pd-spiro-bis(isoxazoline) as catalyst: importance of the rigid spiro framework for both selectivity and reactivity.

The reaction pathway of an enantioselective 5-endo-trig-type cyclization of 3-alkenoic acids catalyzed by a chiral palladium-spiro-bis(isoxazoline) complex, Pd-SPRIX, has been studied by density functional theory calculations. The most plausible pathway involves intramolecular nucleophilic attack of the carboxylate moiety on the C=C double bond activated by Pd-SPRIX and β-H elimination from the resulting organopalladium intermediate. The enantioselectivity was determined in the cyclization step through the formation of a π-olefin complex, in which one of the two enantiofaces of the olefin moiety was selected.

An open-label, prospective clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics after diagnostic bronchoscopy.

The aim of this study was to prospectively examine the effect of prophylactic antibiotic use on the development of respiratory infections and on the worsening of symptoms after diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedures. This study was an open-label, multicenter, controlled, clinical trial. Patients were alternately assigned to a group given prophylactic antibiotics after bronchoscopy (prophylaxis(+) group) and a group not given antibiotic prophylaxis after bronchoscopy (prophylaxis(-) group), and they were followed-up for 1 week.

Primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with orbital involvement: diagnostic usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

A 38-year-old man presented to our hospital with abdominal pain and melena. Gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a large gastric ulcer, and the pathological diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was made based on immunohistochemical findings. Left diplopia developed soon after commencement of chemotherapy.

Enantioselective cyclization of 4-alkenoic acids via an oxidative allylic C-H esterification.

An enantioselective intramolecular oxidative cyclization of 4-alkenoic acids was developed. The reaction proceeded via a π-allyl Pd intermediate generated by an allylic C-H activation to give γ-lactone derivatives with moderate to good enantioselectivity. Spiro bis(isoxazoline) ligand, SPRIX, was indispensable for this asymmetric transformation.

Small bowel tissue concentration of rebamipide: study of two dosages in healthy subjects.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-related small intestinal complications exist, since developed new diagnostic modalities, such as balloon and capsule endoscopies. Some experiments have shown rebamipide to protect from NSAID-induced small intestinal complications. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the effective concentrations of rebamipide (COR) are present in the small intestine after taking an ordinary clinical dose and double dose of this drug.

Pd-catalyzed 5-endo-trig-type cyclization of β,γ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds: an efficient ring closing reaction to give γ-butenolides and 3-pyrrolin-2-ones.

The 5-endo-trig-type cyclization has been performed using a Pd-bis(isoxazoline) catalyst. The present cyclization of β,γ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds gave γ-butenolides and 3-pyrrolin-2-ones in good to excellent yields.