Awake Surgery for Right Frontal Lobe Glioma: Preserving Emotional Recognition and Facilitating Early Return to Work.

Background/aim: Many glioma patients struggle to return to work after surgery because of higher brain dysfunction. Although the right frontal lobe has historically been considered functionally silent, reports of performing awake surgery to evaluate higher brain functions in patients with tumors in this area have increased. We present two cases of patients who underwent awake surgery for malignant glioma in the right frontal lobe to preserve emotional recognition and facilitate an early return to work.

Pathological features of intrathoracic histiocytic sarcoma in an Amami spiny rat (Tokudaia osimensis).

A 4-year 9-month-old Amami spiny rat reared in a zoo died following a history of anorexia, weight loss, and respiratory distress. At necropsy, neoplastic tissues were found along the pleura and adhered to the thoracic wall, heart, and lungs. Histologically, the tumor was composed of diffuse, patternless sheets of large round to polygonal neoplastic cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, and multinucleated giant cells were often present.

Different expression patterns of p63 and p73 in Felis catus papillomavirus type 2-associated feline Merkel cell carcinomas and other epidermal carcinomas.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a cutaneous neuroendocrine tumor, and more than 90% of feline MCC cases test positive for Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV2). In the present study, basal cell markers p40, p63, and p73 and the stem cell marker SOX2 and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) were immunohistochemically examined in normal fetal, infant, and adult feline skin tissues. The expression of these proteins was examined in tumors positive for FcaPV2, including MCC, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and the STAT1/3 pathway in canine chronic enteropathy and intestinal T-cell lymphoma.

The accumulation of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) is a histopathological feature of canine chronic enteropathy (CE), and IELs are considered the cells of origin of intestinal T-cell lymphoma (ITCL). However, the pathogenic mechanism of IEL activation in CE remains unclear. This study hypothesized that the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, associated with cytotoxic T/NK-cell activation, is upregulated in CE and ITCL, and examined the expression of , , , , and and the downstream signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathway in the duodenal mucosa of dogs without lesions ( = 11; NC), with IELCE ( = 19; CE without intraepithelial lymphocytosis), IELCE ( = 29; CE with intraepithelial lymphocytosis), and with ITCL ( = 60).

Malignant transformation of central neurocytoma with dissemination 17 years after initial treatment: illustrative case.

Background: Central neurocytomas usually have a favorable clinical course, and gross total resection (GTR) results in long-term survival. Recurrences of central neurocytomas are usually local, and dissemination is extremely rare.

Observations: A 24-year-old man who presented with vomiting was found to have a mass in the right lateral ventricle.

Nodal T-zone lymphoma and T-zone hyperplasia in dogs.

T-zone lymphoma (TZL) is an indolent, nodal lymphoma that has been clinically characterized in detail in dogs, and T-zone hyperplasia (TZH) is a hyperplastic change in lymph nodes associated with antigen processing. In some cases, histopathological features of TZL and TZH are similar, and are difficult to differentiate by morphology alone. Since there have been few publications characterizing their immunohistochemical profiles, histological, immunohistochemical, and clonality examinations were performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of canine lymph nodes with TZL (14 cases) and canine lymph nodes with TZH associated with nonlymphocytic tumors (10 cases).

Pathological features of hepatic portal venous gas in a cat.

An 8-year 8-month-old castrated male Munchkin presented with vomiting, anorexia and hypoactivity. Computed tomography revealed excessive gas accumulation within the intestinal lumen and gas bubbles in the liver, spleen, and portal venous system, indicating hepatic portal venous gas. The cat died without any significant improvement, and mild splenomegaly was found at necropsy.

Immunophenotyping of intraepithelial lymphocytes in canine chronic enteropathy and intestinal T-cell lymphoma using endoscopic samples.

Human enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is considered to be derived from intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs); however, the origin of canine intestinal T-cell lymphoma (ITCL) remains unclear. Histological, immunohistochemical, and clonality examinations were performed using endoscopically collected canine duodenum samples of mucosal lesions of chronic enteropathy (CE; 73 cases) and ITCL without transmural neoplastic mass lesions (64 cases). Histopathological examinations revealed the intraepithelial accumulation of lymphocytes (called "intraepithelial lymphocytosis") in 54/73 CE cases (74%) and the epitheliotropism of neoplastic lymphocytes in 63/64 ITCL cases (98%).

Histopathological features and immunophenotyping of canine transmural gastrointestinal lymphoma using full-thickness biopsy samples.

To elucidate the histopathological characteristics and immunophenotypes of canine transmural "mass-forming" gastrointestinal lymphomas and plasmacytomas, 83 surgically resected biopsy samples were examined. All lymphomas and plasmacytomas were located in the small or large intestine except for 1 plasmacytoma which was in the stomach. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification, B-cell neoplasms (17 cases) included lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (6/17), plasmacytoma (5/17), follicular lymphoma (3/17), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (3/17).

[A Case of Complete Response with S-1 plus Cisplatin Therapy Following Distal Gastrectomy for AFP-Producing Gastric Cancer with Liver Metastasis].

A 67-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of nausea, anorexia and tarry stool. In the blood examination, serum α-fetoprotein(AFP)level was 1,650 ng/mL, and the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a large hemorrhage tumor at the gastric body. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography(CT)showed a solitary mass in segment 4 of the liver.

Glycosaminoglycan Conjugation for Improving the Duration of Therapeutic Action of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin peptide that plays a crucial role in lowering blood glucose levels and holds promise for treating type II diabetes. In this study, we synthesized GLP-1 derivatives that were conjugated with glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), i.e.

Austenite grain growth simulation considering the solute-drag effect and pinning effect.

The pinning effect is useful for restraining austenite grain growth in low alloy steel and improving heat affected zone toughness in welded joints. We propose a new calculation model for predicting austenite grain growth behavior. The model is mainly comprised of two theories: the solute-drag effect and the pinning effect of TiN precipitates.

[A case of pancreatic and duodenal fistula after total gastrectomy successfully treated with coagulation factor XIII].

Pancreatic fistula( PF) is a challenging postoperative complication. We report a case of PF following gastrectomy successfully treated using intravenous coagulation factor XIII( FXIII).A 78-year-old man with early gastric cancer underwent total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.

[Our experiences of XELOX + bevacizumab for two cases of metastatic sigmoid colon cancer].

XELOX for metastatic colorectal cancer has been approved last year in Japan and used to manage some cases of metastatic colorectal cancer at our hospital. We thought that this regimen has some merits in the patient's quality of life (QOL). Case 1: A 66-year-old man who had been diagnosed sigmoid colon cancer with retroperitoneal invasion.

The expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha, a developmental regulator of visceral endoderm, correlates with the intestinal phenotype of gastric adenocarcinomas.

Aims: Hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4alpha is a developmental regulator of the visceral endoderm, which is expressed in the embryonic gut and later in the adult intestine and colon. However, adult gastric mucosa does not express HNF-4alpha. We investigated the possible involvement of HNF-4alpha in intestinal metaplasia and the intestinalisation of gastric adenocarcinomas.

Acetylated aporphine alkaloids from Lysichiton camtschatcense.

Two N,O-diacetylaporphine alkaloids, N,O-diacetylnoroliveroline (1) and N,O-diacetyl-(-)-nornuciferidine (2), have been isolated and characterized from the rhizomes of Lysichiton camtschatcense. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals were scavenged by compounds 1 and 2, but with weak activity.