Clinical importance of respiratory muscle fatigue in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Patients with cardiovascular diseases frequently experience exertional dyspnea. However, the relationship between respiratory muscle strength including its fatigue and cardiovascular dysfunctions remains to be clarified.The maximal inspiratory pressure/maximal expiratory pressure (MIP/MEP) before and after cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) in 44 patients with heart failure and ischemic heart disease were measured.

Inspiratory muscle training for advanced heart failure with lamin-related muscular dystrophy.

Respiratory muscle weakness is often complicated in patients with heart failure. Its presence further worsens the clinical course of heart failure. However, the effect and appropriate method of inspiratory muscle training has not previously been elucidated.

Correction to: High-intensity aerobic interval training can lead to improvement in skeletal muscle power among in-hospital patients with advanced heart failure.

In the original publication of the article, the unit of hand in Fig. 2 was wrongly given as "N/kg" instead of "kg".

High-intensity aerobic interval training can lead to improvement in skeletal muscle power among in-hospital patients with advanced heart failure.

This study investigated the effectiveness and safety of interval training during in-hospital treatment of patients with advanced heart failure. Twenty-four consecutive patients with advanced symptomatic heart failure who were referred for cardiac transplant evaluation were recruited. After performing aerobic exercise for approximate intensity, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) was performed.

Strategies to encourage physical activity in patients with hemophilia to improve quality of life.

Hemophilia is a bleeding disorder caused by a congenital abnormality of blood coagulation. Until the mid-1970s, patients with hemophilia (PWH) were advised to refrain from physical activity (PA) because of a perceived increased risk of bleeding. Since then, PA, which is recognized as being essential for health maintenance, is now recommended by the World Federation of Hemophilia.

Analytical Study of Cavitation Surge in a Hydraulic System.

In order to clarify effects of an accumulator, pipe lengths and gradients of pressure and suction performances on cavitation surge, one-dimensional stability analyses of cavitation surge were performed in hydraulic systems consisting of an upstream tank, an inlet pipe, a cavitating pump, a downstream pipe, and a downstream tank. An accumulator located upstream or downstream of the cavitating pump was included in the analysis. Increasing the distance between the upstream accumulator and the cavitating pump enlarged the stable region.

An open trial of long-term testosterone suppression in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

Introduction: We investigated the long-term effects of leuprorelin on leg-muscle strength in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). We hypothesized that testosterone suppression by leuprorelin would prevent the progression of muscle weakness.

Methods: In a prospective, long duration, open trial, 16 SBMA patients underwent medical castration with leuprorelin for 3.

Increased levels of serum uric acid among ex-smokers.

Background: It remains unclear whether serum uric acid level increases after the cessation of smoking.

Methods: In 2000, we conducted a cross-sectional study on the effects of smoking cessation on serum uric acid levels by analyzing the results of annual health check-ups in the Japanese male working population (n = 16,642).

Results: The serum uric acid level (6.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients with overweight and hypertension in a Japanese workplace.

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and overweight combined with hypertension and to examine whether OSAHS in conjunction with overweight and hypertension is associated with daytime sleepiness. In a Japanese workplace of 28,636 employees, 368 men (19-62 yr old), who were anxious regarding their OSAHS symptoms, underwent home pulse oximetry. Of these, 153 men subsequently underwent all-night polysomnography (PSG), and OSAHS was diagnosed in 149.

Polymer-nanoparticle complexes: from dilute solution to solid state.

We report on the formation and the structural properties of "supermicellar" aggregates made from mineral nanoparticles and polyelectrolyte-neutral block copolymers in aqueous solutions. The mineral particles put under scrutiny are ultrafine and positively charged yttrium hydroxyacetate nanoparticles. Combining light, neutron, and X-ray scattering experiments, we have characterized the sizes and the aggregation numbers of the organic-inorganic complexes.

Chelation-assisted transformation: synthesis of 1,4-dicarboxylate esters by the Rh-catalyzed carbonylation of internal alkynes with pyridin-2-ylmethanol.

The reaction of internal alkynes 1 with CO and pyridin-2-ylmethanol (2) in the presence of Rh(4)(CO)(12) results in a double-hydroesterification leading to 1,4-dicarboxylate esters 3. The reaction does not proceed via two consecutive hydroesterifications of alkynes, but the intermediacy of ketene intermediates is proposed. The coordination of the pyridine nitrogen in 2 to rhodium is essential for the reaction to proceed.

Catalytic cross-coupling reaction of esters with organoboron compounds and decarbonylative reduction of esters with HCOONH4: a new route to acyl transition metal complexes through the cleavage of acyl-oxygen bonds in esters.

The Ru3(CO)12-catalyed cross-coupling reaction of esters with organoboron compounds leading to ketones is described. A wide variety of functional groups can be tolerated under the reaction conditions. Aromatic boronates function as a coupling partner to give aryl ketones.

Chelation-assisted hydroesterification of alkenes catalyzed by rhodium complex.

[reaction: see text] The hydroesterification of alkenes with 2-pyridylmethanol (1) catalyzed by Rh(4)(CO)(12) is described. The reaction is accelerated by the presence of a pyridine ring in the alcohol 1. The reaction is applicable to various alkenes, both terminal and internal alkenes.