Retirement status after the age of 60 years modifies the association between anger expression and the risk of cardiovascular disease: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study.

Aim: Anger expression is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This positive association was confined to individuals with lower perceived social support and outdoor recreational activity. However, the effects of retirement status remain unclear.

Modifying Effect of Outdoor Recreational Activity on the Association Between Anger Expression and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study.

Objective: Outdoor recreational activity (ORA) has been suggested as a practical strategy for anger management to moderate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a lack of evidence pertaining to this topic. Our aim was to examine whether ORA modified the association between anger expression and the risk of CVD.

Synergistic Effect of History of Cardiovascular Disease and Mental Distress on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after the Great East Japan Earthquake: The Fukushima Health Management Survey.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mental distress have been suggested to be associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the effect of their combination on PTSD is unknown. We reviewed the synergistic effects of the history of CVD and mental distress on the possibility of PTSD among residents in Fukushima after the Great East Japan Earthquake. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 38,392 participants aged 40-74 years in the evacuation area who applied for the Fukushima Health Management Study in Fiscal Year 2011.

Impact of Perceived Social Support on the Association Between Anger Expression and the Risk of Stroke: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS).

Background: Anger has been suggested as a risk factor for stroke. Perceived social support (PSS) may relieve anger, thus reducing the risk of stroke; however, evidence supporting this is limited. We aimed to examine whether PSS modifies the risk of stroke associated with anger expression.

Anger Expression and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Urban and Rural Japanese Residents: The Circulatory Risk in Communities Study.

Objective: It has been suggested that urbanization, which has been expanding rapidly for the past several decades, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) associated with psychological factors such as anger, but the evidence is limited. We examined the hypothesis that urbanicity modifies the association of anger expression with the risk of CVD.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 5936 residents of urban and rural communities aged 40 to 79 years who had completed an annual health checkup including a questionnaire on anger expression between 1995 and 1998.