Management of autoimmune temporal lobe epilepsy with GAD65 antibody: four case reports.

Aim Of Study: Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) enzyme can be a target intracellular antigen in autoimmune focal epilepsy. GAD65 antibody is in found patients diagnosed with drug-refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We explore the clinical features of the disease and therapeutic options.

Correction: Enhanced cardiac vagal tone in mental fatigue: Analysis of heart rate variability in Time-on-Task, recovery, and reactivity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Effects of anterior thalamic nucleus DBS on interictal heart rate variability in patients with refractory epilepsy.

Objective: Heart rate variability (HRV) changes were investigated by several studies after resective epilepsy surgery/vagus nerve stimulation. We examined anterior thalamic nucleus (ANT)-deep brain stimulation (DBS) effects on HRV parameters.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 30 drug-resistant epilepsy patients' medical record data and collected electrocardiographic epochs recorded during video- electroencephalography monitoring sessions while awake and during N1- or N2-stage sleep pre-DBS implantation surgery, post-surgery but pre-stimulation, and after stimulation began.

Enhanced cardiac vagal tone in mental fatigue: Analysis of heart rate variability in Time-on-Task, recovery, and reactivity.

Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has been suggested as a useful tool to assess fatigue-sensitive psychological operations. The present study uses a between and within-subject design with a cognitively demanding task and a documentary viewing condition, to examine the temporal profile of HRV during reactivity, Time-on-Task (ToT), and recovery. In the cognitive task group, participants worked on a bimodal 2-back task with a game-like character (the Gatekeeper task) for about 1.

Hungarian general practitioners' attitude and the role of education in dementia care.

Background: Dementia in the elderly constitutes a growing challenge in healthcare worldwide, including Hungary. There is no previous report on the role of general practitioners in the management of dementia.

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the Hungarian general practitioners' attitude toward their patients living with dementia as well as dementia care.

γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Derivatives Reduce the Incidence of Acute Pain after Herpes Zoster - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Herpes zoster (HZ) causes considerable pain and distress, and γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its derivatives are assumed to control this, but the available data are inconsistent. This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of GABA derivatives in the prevention of acute herpetic pain. The metaanalysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines using PICO format, registered in PROSPERO number CRD42018095758.

Is the bispectral index monitoring protective against postoperative cognitive decline? A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Several studies have suggested that monitoring the depth of anaesthesia might prevent the development of postoperative cognitive decline. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of bispectral index (BIS) monitoring in anaesthesia.

Methods: We searched in six major electronic databases.

Dementia in Hungary: General practitioners' routines and perspectives regarding early recognition.

Undetected dementia in primary care is a global problem. Since general practitioners (GPs) act as the first step in the identification process, examining their routines could help us to enhance the currently low recognition rates. The study aimed to explore, for the first time in Hungary, the dementia identification practices and views of GPs.

Screening for Problematic Internet Use May Help Identify Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) represent emerging problems with potentially devastating consequences. The standard screening methods for impulse control disorders are clinically imperfect. Although it is rarely reported, many patients utilize the Internet to fulfill their compulsive behaviors because of its easy accessibility.

[Postoperative outcome of surgical interventions for epilepsy between 2005 and 2016 at the Epilepsy Center of Pécs].

Introduction: Epilepsy as a chronic, severe neurologic disease significantly influences the quality of life of the epileptic patients. In candidates well selected for surgery, the seizure freedom is realistically achievable, and the quality of life can be further improved with complex individual rehabilitation.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcome of patients who underwent epilepsy surgery between 2005 and 2016 at the Epilepsy Center at Pécs.

Comparing Sensitivity and Specificity of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-I, III and Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by numerous motor and nonmotor symptoms. Neurocognitive disorders (NCD) are one of the most troublesome problems and their diagnosis is often challenging.

Methods: We compared the sensitivity and specificity of several versions of Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination (ACE, ACE-III, and Mini-ACE) on 552 subjects with PD.

Are the MDS-UPDRS-Based Composite Scores Clinically Applicable?

Background: The International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society-sponsored UPDRS (MDS-UPDRS) is a powerful clinical outcome measure.

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility of various MDS-UPDRS-based composite scores and determine their minimal clinically important difference threshold values.

Methods: Overall, 1,113 paired investigations of 452 patients were reviewed implementing three different techniques simultaneously.

Prevalence of Anxiety among Hungarian Subjects with Parkinson's Disease.

Although anxiety is one of the most frequent symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), only a few clinical tools can efficiently and reliably detect its presence. The aim of the present study was to validate the Hungarian patient-rated version of Parkinson Anxiety Scale (PAS). A total of 190 PD patients were enrolled into the clinimetric validation phase of the study and another 590 participated in the cross-sectional screening phase.

Association of Gait Characteristics and Depression in Patients with Parkinson's Disease Assessed in Goal-Directed Locomotion Task.

In the genesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical phenomenology the exact nature of the association between bradykinesia and affective variables is unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the gait characteristics and level of depression in PD and healthy volunteers. Patients with PD ( = 48) and healthy controls ( = 52) were recruited for the present study.

Neuronal coding of auditory sensorimotor gating in medial prefrontal cortex.

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is thought to be an essential brain region for sensorimotor gating. The exact neuronal mechanisms, however, have not been extensively investigated yet by delicate single unit recording methods Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response is a broadly used important tool to investigate the inhibitory processes of sensorimotor gating. The present study was designed to examine the neuronal mechanisms of sensorimotor gating in the mPFC in freely moving rats.

Minimal clinically important differences for the experiences of daily living parts of movement disorder society-sponsored unified Parkinson's disease rating scale.

Background: The minimal clinically important difference is the smallest change of scores clinically meaningful to patients.

Objectives: We aimed to calculate these threshold values in association with the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society UPDRS (MDS-UPDRS) Parts I and II and to evaluate the feasibility of the composite score of Part I and II (MDS-UPDRS I+II) as an outcome.

Methods: Nine hundred eighty-five paired investigations of 365 patients were reviewed, implementing three different techniques simultaneously.

Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel can improve both motor and non-motor experiences of daily living in Parkinson's disease: An open-label study.

Background: Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel therapy (LCIG) can efficiently improve several motor and non-motor symptoms of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). The recently developed Movement Disorder Society-sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) improved the original UPDRS making it a more robust tool to evaluate therapeutic changes. However, previous studies have not used the MDS-UPDRS and the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS) to assess the efficacy of LCIG.

Changes in Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: How Large Must They Be to Be Relevant?

Background: Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is the smallest change in an outcome, which a patient identifies as meaningful. Although the 2 most frequently applied Parkinson's disease (PD) "quality of life" questionnaires (the PDQ-39 and PDQ-8) provide encouragingly similar results, their MCID thresholds appear to be vastly different. Our aim was to calculate the MCID estimates for both PDQ-39 and PDQ-8 Summary Indices (PDQ-39-SI and PDQ-8-SI) by the utilization of both anchor- and distribution-based techniques.

[The effect of anesthesia on cognitive functions].

Aim of the study - General anesthetics, arterial hypotension and hypoxia developing during anesthesia may result in impaired memory and a decline in other abilities (such as attention, concentration, linguistic and writing abilities). Our aim was to detect changes in cognitive functions due to surgery and anesthesia with controlled arterial hypotension. Materials and methods - We studied combined and intravenous anesthesia detecting pre-and postoperative cognitive functions, intraoperative haemodynamic parameters, demographic data, other data of case history and surgical data.

Impact of Sex on the Nonmotor Symptoms and the Health-Related Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease.

Background. Female Parkinson's disease (PD) patients seem to experience not only more severe motor complications and postural instability but also more pronounced depression, anxiety, pain, and sleep disturbances. Objective.

High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Can Improve Depression in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: A recent evidence-based guideline demonstrated that bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the motor cortex (M1) can improve motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the impact of bilateral M1 rTMS on depression in PD.

Methods: Forty-six patients with PD and mild-to-moderate depression were randomly assigned to active (n = 23) and sham (n = 23) rTMS.

Lille Apathy Rating Scale and MDS-UPDRS for Screening Apathy in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Apathy is a syndrome characterized primarily by lack of motivation which may be associated with cognitive, affective and behavioral changes. Although the Lille Apathy Scale (LARS) has been extensively utilized in PD for detecting apathy and testing the effectiveness of specific therapeutic interventions, the highly variable cut-off values (between -11 and -22 points) ensures the applicability of the LARS degree of difficulty as a superb screening tool.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine more reliable threshold values based on the neuropsychiatric status of patients.

Minimal clinically important difference on the Motor Examination part of MDS-UPDRS.

Background: Recent studies increasingly utilize the Movement Disorders Society Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). However, the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) has not been fully established for MDS-UPDRS yet.

Objective: To assess the MCID thresholds for MDS-UPDRS Motor Examination (Part III).

Minimal Clinically Important Difference on Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale 2nd Version.

Background and Aims. The aim of the present study was to determine the estimates of minimal clinically important difference for Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale 2nd version (PDSS-2) total score and dimensions. Methods.