Pyrazole derivatives as antileishmanial agents: Biological evaluation, molecular docking study, DFT analysis and ADME prediction.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Currently, there is no protective antileishmanial vaccine, and the available clinical drugs have serious side effects. On the other hand, due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of the causative pathogens, the study and design of novel antileishmanial agents is urgently needed.

Immunogenic Consideration of a Designed Polypeptide Against Brucellosis Compared to RB51: An Study.

Background: Brucellosis in livestock and its transmission to humans through the consumption of contaminated dairy products is an important issue. The introduction of new approaches using immunogenic proteins against and diagnosing brucellosis is a serious issue in human health.

Methods: contains five proteins including: MOXR family ATPase-α2, T9SS C-terminal target domain-containing protein, Cobyric acid synthase, Hypothetical protein, and VirB11 type IV Secretion protein, which were considered and the designed recombinant polypeptide was produced and evaluated.

Optimizing antigen preparation for oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase enzyme diagnostic kit and ELISA system cutoff determination.

The prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing globally, with calcium oxalate stones being the most common type. Oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase (OXC), an enzyme produced by the gut bacterium Oxalobacter formigenes, plays a crucial role in oxalate metabolism. Deficiencies in OXC activity can lead to the accumulation of oxalate, contributing to kidney stone formation.

Plasma TNF-α Elevation in Biologic Naive Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Belonging to a Population with New Mutations in TLR4 and CYP51A1 genes without Association with Disease-Related Antibodies Levels.

In a system biology-based study, we previously reported that IL-6 and IL6R -specific m-RNA levels were elevated in leukocytes of patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, the association of toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) rs 141534085 and cytochrome P450 family 51 subfamily A member 1(CYP51A1) rs6 with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF- α), rheumatoid factor (RF)- and Anti- cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody -positivity was investigated in almost the same subjects. Forty-six patients and 48 normal subjects were recruited in this study.

Evaluation of Sella Turcica Variations in Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs and its Association with Malocclusion.

Objectives: Understanding the shape and size of the sella turcica may help predict future orthodontic treatment needs related to skeletal malocclusion. This study aims to assess different morphological types of the sella turcica in lateral cephalometric radiographs and its correlation with malocclusion, as well as the relationship between gender and linear measurements of sella turcica.

Materials And Methods: The lateral cephalometric radiographs of 410 volunteers (111 men and 299 women) aged 8 to 30 years were evaluated.

Comparing the Yield of Recombinant Human Factor VII Protein Expressed by the rDNA-Promoter with the CMV-Promoter in Iranian Lizard .

Background: Iranian Lizard (I.L.L) is a nonpathogenic strain.

Potential therapeutic options for celiac Disease: An update on Current evidence from Gluten-Free diet to cell therapy.

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune enteropathy and multifactorial disease caused by inappropriate immune responses to gluten in the small intestine. Weight loss, anemia, osteoporosis, arthritis, and hepatitis are among the extraintestinal manifestations of active CD. Currently, a strict lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only safe, effective, and available treatment.

Heterologous Expression of Human IFNγ and Anti-IL17 Antibody in Leishmania tarentolae Promastigote.

Background: Leishmania is an intracellular flagellate protozoan parasite that causes a wide range of clinical diseases in humans. The basis of immunological resistance against leishmaniasis depends on Thl reactions and is within the time period of cytokine function.

Methods: In this study, human anti-IL17 antibody and IFNγ-producing promastigote were produced to be used in leishmanization.

Designing and Developing Serological Test for the Diagnosis of Human Fascioliasis Using a New Recombinant Multi-epitope.

Purpose: Fascioliasis is a common parasitic disease in humans and herbivores which is caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica and has a worldwide distribution. Serological tests such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique play a prominent role in the fast diagnosis of the disease. However, there are diagnostic limitations, including cross-reactivity with other worms, which decline the specificity of the results.

Gluten Degradation Using Recombinant Eurygaster Integriceps Prolyl Endoprotease: Implications for Celiac Disease.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a gluten-sensitive chronic autoimmune enteropathy. A strict life-long gluten-free diet is the only efficient and accepted treatment until now. However, maintaining a truly gluten-free status is both difficult and costly, often resulting in a social burden for the person.

Cytokines signatures and susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients from Sistan and Baluchestan province of Iran.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a complex, multifactorial disease that results from environmental factors such as parasite polymorphism, phlebotomine vectors, and host genetic factors. Some studies have identified specific genetic factors that may be associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The objective of this research was to resolve the association of 8 cytokine polymorphisms, including TNF-α -308 A/G (rs 1800629), TNF-α -238 A/G (rs 361525), TGF-β1 -509 T/C (rs 1800469), TGF-β1+ 915 G/C (rs 1800471), IFN-γ -874 T/A (rs 2430561), IFN-γ -179 G/A (rs 2069709), IL-10 -819 C/T (rs 1800871), and IL-10 -592 A/C (rs 1800872) with susceptibility to CL.

Investigating the Effect of Satureja khuzestanica Essential oil on MDR1 Gene Expression in Leishmania major.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is among the neglected diseases in the world. Pentavalent antimonial compounds are considered the first-line treatment for this disease. However, using alternative natural products has received great attention due to the side effects of chemical drugs and drug resistance of the Leishmania parasite.

Recent Advances in CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing in Leishmania Strains.

Background: Genome manipulation of Leishmania species and the creation of modified strains are widely employed strategies for various purposes, including gene function studies, the development of live attenuated vaccines, and the engineering of host cells for protein production.

Objective: Despite the introduction of novel manipulation approaches like CRISPR/Cas9 technology with significant advancements in recent years, the development of a reliable protocol for efficiently and precisely altering the genes of Leishmania strains remains a challenging endeavor. Following the successful adaptation of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for higher eukaryotic cells, several research groups have endeavored to apply this system to manipulate the genome of Leishmania.

Enzymatic and antibacterial activity of the recombinant endolysin PVP-SE1gp146 expressed in Hansenula polymorpha.

Antibiotic resistance, a major global concern, highlights the need for discovering alternative therapies. Recently, endolysins have garnered attention as antibacterial tools with a lower resistance development rate compared to conventional antibiotics, and their production in various expression hosts holds significance. Given its generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status and other advantages, Hansenula polymorpha offers a promising host for endolysin production.

Preliminary Information of Iranian Lizard Promastigote Transcriptome Sequencing by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Method.

Background: A lizard has been isolated from a lizard () in Iran. Its genome sequence has not been determined, so far.

Methods: The study was done at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran in 2017-2023.

Ectopic expression of insulin in a type 1 diabetic rat model by injection of manipulated mesenchymal stem cells with an insulin construct driven by a glucose-sensitive promoter in the port vein.

The treatment of type 1 diabetes through islet cell transplantation is a complex process, facing challenges such as allograft rejections and a limited supply of donors. One potential solution is to utilize the liver as an alternative for natural insulin production, as hepatocytes can secrete proteins and respond to glucose levels. Recent research has shown promising results in using mesenchymal stem cells as a potential cure for diabetes.

Exogenous methyl jasmonate affects genes involved in monoterpene biosynthetic pathway, phyto-biochemical accumulation, and enzymatic activity of Satureja hortensis L.

Satureja hortensis L. (SH) is a medicinal and aromatic herb utilized markedly in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries because of its specific secondary metabolites (SMs), especially monoterpenoids. However, the impact of elicitors on the expression of monoterpene synthase genes in SH remains unexplored.

Physicochemical Stimulus-Responsive Systems Targeted with Antibody Derivatives.

The application of monoclonal antibodies and antibody fragments with the advent of recombinant antibody technology has made notable progress in clinical trials to provide a regulated drug release and extra targeting to the special conditions in the function site. Modification of antibodies has facilitated using mAbs and antibody fragments in numerous models of therapeutic and detection utilizations, such as stimuliresponsive systems. Antibodies and antibody derivatives conjugated with diverse stimuliresponsive materials have been constructed for drug delivery in response to a wide range of endogenous (electric, magnetic, light, radiation, ultrasound) and exogenous (temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes) stimuli.

Production of a Ribosome-Displayed Mouse scFv Antibody Against CD133, Analysis of Its Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Their Interactions.

The pentaspan transmembrane glycoprotein CD133, prominin-1, is expressed in cancer stem cells in many tumors and is promising as a novel target for the delivery of cytotoxic drugs to cancer-initiating cells. In this study, we prepared a mouse library of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies using mRNAs isolated from mice immunized with the third extracellular domain of a recombinant CD133 (D-EC3). First, the scFvs were directly exposed to D-EC3 to select a new specific scFv with high affinity against CD133 using the ribosome display method.

Overexpression of SIRT6 alleviates apoptosis and enhances cell viability and monoclonal antibody expression in CHO-K1 cells.

Background: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most predominantly utilized host for the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other complex glycoproteins. A major challenge in the process of CHO cell culture is the occurrence of cell death following different stressful conditions, which hinders the production yield. Engineering genes involved in pathways related to cell death is a remarkable strategy to delay apoptosis, improve cell viability and enhance productivity.

Prognostic value of fragmented QRS in acute pulmonary embolism: a cross-sectional-analytic study of the Iranian population.

Background: Acute Pulmonary embolism (APE) is considered one of the deadliest cardiovascular diseases. Electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in pulmonary embolism (PE) are increasingly reported. A growing number of studies have recommended that ECG plays a crucial role in the prognostic assessment of PE patients.

Identifying Key Lysosome-Related Genes Associated with Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer Using Computational and Systems Biology Approach.

Background: Drug resistance in breast cancer is an unsolved problem in treating patients. It has been recently discussed that lysosomes contribute to the invasion and angiogenesis of cancer cells. There is evidence that lysosomes can also cause multi-drug resistance.

The Influence of Different Culture Media on the Growth and Recombinant Protein Production of Iranian Lizard Leishmania Promastigote.

Background: is a eukaryotic protozoan parasite belonging to the Trypanosomatidae family. The Iranian Lizard (I.L.