Tumor Metastasis to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jaw Bones: A Retrospective Study and Review of the Literature.

Objectives: Metastasis to the oral soft tissues and jaw is rare and accounts for 1%-3% of maxillofacial malignancies. These lesions usually occur in the context of an extensive malignant tumor with a poor prognosis.

Materials And Methods: Archived cases from the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department of the Faculty of Dentistry and two hospital centers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were examined.

Correlation between clinicopathological indices and expression of cluster of differentiation 24 and cluster of differentiation 44 biomarkers in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients: A follow-up study.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cavity cancer and may occur following oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can self-renew and multi-directionally differentiate to promote tumorigenesis with high expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) 24 and CD44 markers. CSCs play a pivotal role in tumor development, drug resistance, and relapse after treatment.

Pathologic response evaluation of localized or locally advanced esophageal carcinoma to induction chemotherapy followed by preoperative concurrent chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy: a clinical trial.

Objective: Esophageal cancer is a therapeutic challenge in most healthcare systems. Most patients present with locally advanced disease at diagnosis. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.

[ Ga]Ga-CXCR4 PET/CT imaging in high-grade glioma for assessment of CXCR4 receptor expression.

Purpose: Gliomas account for 75 % of primary malignant CNS tumors. High-grade glioma (CNS WHO grades 3 and 4) have an unfavorable treatment response and poor outcome. CXCR4 is a G protein-coupled receptor that plays an important part in the signaling pathway between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment.

Safety evaluation of the trastuzumab biosimilar in Iranian women with HER2-positive breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy: a post-marketing surveillance.

Background: Trastuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). This post-marketing surveillance evaluates the safety of a trastuzumab biosimilar (AryoTrust), produced by AryoGen Co. Iran in Iranian women with HER2-positive non-metastatic breast cancer (BC).

Nanotechnological Advances in the Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers and Nanotheranostics.

Gynecological cancers are one of the main causes of female mortality worldwide. Despite the various strategies to reduce mortality and improve quality of life, there are still many deficiencies in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers. One of the important steps to ensure optimal cancer treatment is the early detection of cancer cells and the use of drugs to reduce toxicity.

Extended dosing (12 cycles) vs conventional dosing (6 cycles) of adjuvant temozolomide in adults with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas: a randomized, single-blind, two-arm, parallel-group controlled trial.

Purpose: Maximum safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation and temozolomide chemotherapy is the current standard of care in the management of newly diagnosed high grade glioma. However, there are controversies about the optimal number of adjuvant temozolomide cycles. This study aimed to compare the survival benefits of 12 cycles against 6 cycles of adjuvant temozolomide adults with newly diagnosed high grade gliomas.

The Application of Nanotechnological Therapeutic Platforms against Gynecological Cancers.

Gynecological cancers (GCs), ovarian, cervical, and endometrial/uterine cancers, are often associated with poor outcomes. Despite the development of several therapeutic modalities against GCs, the effectiveness of the current therapeutic approaches is limited due to their side effects, low therapeutic index, short halflife, and resistance to therapy. To overcome these limitations, nano delivery-based approaches have been introduced with the potential of targeted delivery, reduced toxicity, controlled release, and improved bioavailability of various cargos.

Recent Progress in the Application of Exosome Analysis in Ovarian Cancer Management.

Exosomes are very small (nano-sized) vesicles participating in tumor development by involvement in intercellular communication mediated by transferring biocomponents. Exosomes appear to play vital roles in various cancer development, such as ovarian cancer, a common malignancy in women. Several hallmarks of ovarian cancer are reported to be affected by the exosomemediated cellular cross-talk, including modulating peritoneal dissemination and chemoresistance.

Evaluation of the effects of simulated hypoxia by CoCl on radioresistance and change of hypoxia-inducible factors in human glioblastoma U87 tumor cell line.

Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is considered the most common and lethal type of brain tumor with a poor prognosis. GBM treatment has challenges due to its aggressive nature, which often causes treatment failure and recurrence. Hypoxia is one of the characteristics of glioblastoma tumors that contribute to radioresistance and malignant phenotypes of GBM.

Current use of Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways in Targeted Therapy of Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PC) is identified as a heterogeneous disease. About 20 to 30% of PC patients experience cancer recurrence, characterized by an increase in the antigen termed serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Clinical recurrence of PC commonly occurs after five years.

Insight into RNA-based Therapies for Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common malignancies in women and is associated with poor outcomes. The treatment for OC is often associated with resistance to therapies and hence this has stimulated the search for alternative therapeutic approaches, including RNA-based therapeutics. However, this approach has some challenges that include RNA degradation.

Dual targeting of TGF-β and PD-L1 inhibits tumor growth in TGF-β/PD-L1-driven colorectal carcinoma.

Immunosuppressive factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), constitute a crucial hindrance to immunotherapeutic approaches in colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, immune checkpoint factors (e.g.

[Ga] Ga-Pentixafor diffuse bilateral Adrenal & Breast uptake in a patient with High-grade Glioma: A note of caution on normal variants.

[Ga] Ga-labeled C-X-C motif receptor4 as a novel radio-ligand using PET/CT has been investigated for tracing various kinds of solid and hematopoietic malignancies in recent years. High-grade Glioma (WHO classification 2016 grade III and IV) shows elevated levels of CXCR4 ligand expression in the affected tumoral cells. Healthy and non-affected organ cells express low-level CXCR4 ligands density.

Outcome of Second Line Treatment of Recurrent High- Grade Glioma by re-Irradiation or Bevacizumab-based Chemotherapy: A Cross Sectional Study.

Introduction: Currently, there is no standard of treatment for the management of the recurrent high-grade glioma. Re-resection, re-irradiation, and chemotherapy are among main treatment options without any proven efficacy.

Aim: To compare the outcome of second line treatment of recurrent high-grade glioma by re-irradiation or bevacizumab-based chemotherapy.

Associations between RORγt and T-bet Expressions, clinicopathological indices and survival rate in oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients.

Background: Oral cancers are the sixth most common cancers around the world. According to the pivotal role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as the frequent form of malignant epithelial neoplasm in the oral cavity, we investigated the association between the expression of RORγt and T-bet genes as two transcription factors, clinicopathologic indices, and survival rate.

Methods And Materials: Forty-two OSCC paraffin embded-blocks tissue samples and their surgical healthy margins (as a control group) were collected.

Association between Tissue Expression of Toll-Like Receptor and Some Clinicopathological Indices in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) composes about 90% of all head and neck cancers. The toll-like receptor (TLR) immune cells have potential of invasion and malignancy transformation. The aim of this study was assessment of possible associations between clinicopathological indices and TLR2 and TLR9 gene expression in OSCC.

Case series on patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: From clinical presentations to outcomes.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In this report, we present 11 cases of PCNSL which were treated with high-dose MTX and WBI with a localized radiation boost to the tumor bed.

Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Invasive Front of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Clinicopathological Parameters.

Background & Objective: The present study investigated the relationship between invasive front (IF) of tumors and clinicopathological parameters including stage, grade, nodal involvement, lymphocytic host response (LHR), recurrence, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS).

Methods: A total of 87 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biopsies were evaluated. Clinical stage, grading, nodal involvement, time of recurrence, OS, and DFS were assessed.

Post-neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy tumor resectability following induction chemotherapy in locally advanced proximal gastric and adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: A clinical trial.

Background: Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) of patients with proximal gastric and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma may result in increased local control and improved patients' survival rate. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NACRT on resectability of tumor in patients with proximal gastric and EGJ adenocarcinoma.

Methods: In this single-arm clinical trial, patients with locally advanced proximal gastric and EGJ adenocarcinoma were included.

Expression and Prognostic Significance of Cancer/Testis Antigens, MAGE-E1, GAGE, and SOX-6, in Glioblastoma: An Immunohistochemistry Evaluation.

Background & Objective: Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignancy of the brain, the prognosis of which is poor. Immunotherapy with cancer/testis (CT) antigens is a novel therapeutic approach for glioblastoma. This study aimed to investigate the expression rate of MAGE-E1, GAGE, and SOX-6 in glioblastoma tumors using the method of immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Comparing two radiotherapy techniques of whole central nervous system tumors, considering tumor and critical organs' dose provided by treatment planning system and direct measurement.

Aims: In central nervous system (CNS) tumors, surgery combined with radiotherapy may cure many tumors. The basic technique in conventional radiotherapy is craniospinal radiotherapy; in this technique, spinal cord can be treated with electron or photon beams. This study was aimed to compare two radiotherapy techniques in craniospinal radiotherapy, (a) treatment of spine with a single photon beam and (b) with a combination of photon and electron beams.

Long-Term Survival of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma with Metastasis to Paranasal Sinuses: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Malignant melanoma (MM) usually present with metastases to unexpected regions of the body. Metastatic MM is a highly lethal condition, and the median survival in this setting is 6 to 7.5 months; however, few reports rarely describe long-term after chemotherapy.