Gut microbiota and kidney function in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease participants in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study.

Background And Hypothesis: Gut dysbiosis characterized by an imbalance in pathobionts (Enterobacter, Escherichia and Salmonella) and symbionts (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Prevotella) can occur during chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. We evaluated the associations between representative symbionts (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) and pathobionts (Enterobacteriaceae) with kidney function in persons with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 29 ADPKD patients were matched to 15 controls at a 2:1 ratio.

Acquired cystic kidney disease in patients on maintenance hemodialysis, prevalence and associated factors: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Acquired Cystic Kidney Disease (ACKD) is a known complication in patients on maintenance hemodialysis, and it is associated with a high risk of malignant transformation. There is a paucity of data on ACKD in sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with acquired cystic kidney disease in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Screening for Kidney Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Kidney disease is the 10th leading cause of death worldwide and disproportionately increases morbidity and mortality for people residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Considering the high burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on patients, society, and health care systems, strategies to improve screening for CKD need to be prioritized. With appropriate interventions, screening could prevent progression of early stages of CKD and, ultimately, reduce the need for kidney replacement therapy.

[Collaboration in nephrology between Geneva and Yaoundé: a convincing example].

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in Cameroon and will become an important public health problem. Its management must be comprehensive, starting with CKD prevention to the implementation of renal replacement therapies best suited to the needs of patients and resources available in Cameroon. Practical interventions involving nephrology departments in both Africa and Europe can contribute to an improved management of CKD in Africa.

Spontaneous Twin Pregnancy: A Challenging and Exceptional Scenario in a Patient on Maintenance Hemodialysis in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Chronic hemodialysis is associated with reduced fertility. Hence, pregnancy remains rare, challenging, and deleterious when unplanned, especially in low-resource countries. Contraception and births are very important in these settings.

Sex and gender differences in chronic kidney disease and access to care around the globe.

The difference between sex, the biological construct, and gender, the social construct, may be most evident in settings of vulnerability. Globally, chronic kidney disease is more prevalent among women, but the prevalence of end-stage kidney failure, and especially receipt of kidney replacement therapy, is higher in men. These differences likely reflect a combination of physiological and social/structural risk factors that independently modulate kidney disease and/or its progression.

Prevalence of unrecognized or "silent" myocardial ischemia in chronic kidney disease patients: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at an extremely high risk of silent myocardial ischemia (SMI). However, there is a dearth of evidence on the worldwide prevalence of this very lethal and yet unrecognizable complication of CKD. The proposed systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the global prevalence of SMI among CKD patients.

Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease in urban adults' populations of northern Cameroon.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem with growing prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa.

Aim: Assess the prevalence and determinants of CKD in Garoua and Figuil cities of the North region of Cameroon.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January to June 2018 in the two cities, using a multi-level cluster sampling.

Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5-10 years in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH).

Non-adherence to hemodialysis regimens among patients on maintenance hemodialysis in sub-Saharan Africa: an example from Cameroon.

Background: Non-adherence (NA) to hemodialysis regimens is one of the contributors to the high morbidity and mortality observed in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of NA to hemodialysis (HD) regimens among patients on maintenance HD in Cameroon.

Methods: A cross-sectional study in two HD centers in Cameroon was conducted from January to February 2016.

[Severe high blood pressure recently diagnosed in an urban milieu from Subsahelian Africa: Epidemiologic, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects].

Objectives: High Blood Pressure (HBP) is a worldwide public health problem. It can be particularly severe in the Black race. Recent studies in Cameroon, showed an alarming prevalence, leading us to want to study the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evaluative aspects of severe, (BP op to 180/110mmHg), recently diagnosed HBP in Yaounde.

Monthly direct and indirect costs of management of CKD 3 - 5 non-dialysis patients in an out-of-pocket expenditure system: The Case of Yaoundé.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects ~ 10% of the world population. In most developing nations, the costs for the treatment of CKD are met by patients. Data on the economic burden of early stages of CKD are scarce; few studies have evaluated the cost of management of CKD stages 3 - 5 in non-dialysis (ND) patients in an out-of-pocket expenditure system.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of HIV infected patients with chronic kidney disease in Sub Saharan Africa: an example from in Cameroon.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the major complications of Human immune deficiency Virus (HIV) and a risk factor for poor outcome of these patients. We aimed to describe the profile and outcome of HIV positive patients with CKD in Douala general hospital in Cameroon.

Methods: HIV positive patients with CKD referred to the nephrologist from January 2007 to March 2013 were included.

Short-term effects of perindopril-amlodipine vs perindopril-indapamide on blood pressure control in sub-Saharan type 2 diabetic individuals newly diagnosed for hypertension: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Poor blood pressure (BP) control contributes to complications in sub-Saharan African (SSA) type 2 diabetic individuals. Experts have advocated the use of combination therapies for effective BP control in these patients. The suggested combinations should include a RAAS antagonist and either a CCB or a thiazide diuretic; however, their efficacy is yet to be established in SSA.

Effects of hydroquinone-containing creams on capillary glycemia before and after serial hand washings in Africans.

Background: Hydroquinone-containing creams cause false increases in capillary glycemia. However, the magnitude of this false increase, and the means to reverse it have not been investigated.

Objective: To evaluate the technical and clinical impact of hydroquinone-containing creams on capillary glycemia and investigate the efficacy of hand washing and other common practices, in reversing cream effects.

Incidence, characteristics and prognosis of acute kidney injury in Cameroon: a prospective study at the Douala General Hospital.

Objective: There are limited data on AKI in sub-Saharan Africa. We aim to determine the incidence, characteristics and prognosis of AKI in Cameroon.

Patients And Methods: A prospective study including all consenting acute admissions in the internal medicine and the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital in Cameroon from January 2015 to June 2016.

Exercise-induced albuminuria and circadian blood pressure abnormalities in type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between circadian variations in blood pressure (BP) and albuminuria at rest, and during exercise in non-hypertensive type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in well controlled T2D patients, non-hypertensive, without clinical proteinuria and normal creatinine clearance. In each participant, we recorded the BP using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for 24-h, and albuminuria at rest and after a standardized treadmill exercise.

Assessment of the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease among a group of patients on maintenance hemodialysis: A cross-sectional study from Cameroon.

Objective: To assess the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease and potential impacting factors among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Yaoundé, Cameroon.

Design: A cross-sectional study in January 2016.

Setting: Patients were recruited at the dialysis unit of the Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Cameroon.

[Survival among chronic hemodialysed patient in Cameroon].

Introduction: Haemodialysis is the only renal replacement therapy available in Cameroon; 95% of patients has received subsidies by the State since 2002 and the number of dialysis centers is growing. However, since the opening of the first center in 1990, there are no data on survival in chronic dialysis patients.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter prospective cohort study of 15 months in order to assess mortality rates and factors that influence the survival of chronic hemodialysis patients in Cameroon.

Fatal outcomes among patients on maintenance haemodialysis in sub-Saharan Africa: a 10-year audit from the Douala General Hospital in Cameroon.

Background: End-Stage Renal disease (ESRD) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We assessed the occurrence, time-trend and determinants of fatal outcomes of haemodialysis-treated ESRD patients over a 10-year period in a major referral hospital in Cameroon.

Methods: Medical records of ESRD patients who started chronic haemodialysis at the Douala General Hospital between 2002 and 2012 were reviewed.

Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human Immune deficiency Virus Seroconversion Positivity Rates and Their Potential Risk Factors Among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis in Cameroon.

Introduction: Maintenance hemodialysis is a high-risk environment for transmission of blood-borne viruses. We aimed to assess the seroconversion rates of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infections in patients on maintenance hemodialysis in a tertiary care hospital in Cameroon.

Materials And Methods: Patients with serology records at initiation of hemodialysis, and a minimum duration on hemodialysis of 4 months were included.

A practical approach to low protein diets for patients with chronic kidney disease in Cameroon.

Cameroon is a low-middle income country with a rich diversity of culture and cuisine. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in Cameroon and over 80 % of patients present late for care, precluding the use of therapies such as low protein diets (LPDs) that slow its progression. Moreover, the prescription of LPDs is challenging in Cameroon because dieticians are scarce, there are no renal dieticians, and people often have to fund their own healthcare.

Effect of low-dose spironolactone on resistant hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial in a sub-Saharan African population.

Background: Low-dose spironolactone has been proven to be effective for resistant hypertension in the general population, but this has yet to be confirmed in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. We assessed the efficacy of a low-dose spironolactone on resistant hypertension in a sub-Saharan African population of T2DM patients from Cameroon.

Methods: This was a four-week single blinded randomized controlled trial in 17 subjects presenting with resistant hypertension in specialized diabetes care units in Cameroon.

Prevalence and Determinants of Chronic Kidney Disease Among Hypertensive Cameroonians According to Three Common Estimators of the Glomerular Filtration Rate.

Hypertension is a risk factor for renal diseases, which, in turn, are precursors of hypertension. The authors assessed the prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among 336 hypertensive adult Cameroonians (mean age, 60.9±11.