Correction: Recent advances and applications to cultural heritage using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging.

Correction for 'Recent advances and applications to cultural heritage using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging' by Guan-Lin Liu , , 2022, , 1777-1797, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2AN00005A.

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy imaging of bone repair in mandibular laser-osteotomy.

The aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy in the characterization of bone repair in mandibular osteotomy using erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser and multilaminate drill on each side. Two mandible bone fragments were removed from 30 rabbits, and the process of bone repair was studied immediately, 3, 7, 15, 21, and 28 days after the surgery. The histological analysis allowed detecting differences in the early stages of tissue repair after bone cutting performed with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser or multilaminate drill.

Analysis of the Dissolution Behavior of Theophylline and Its Cocrystal Using ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging.

Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopic imaging is a powerful tool to visualize the distribution of components, and it has been used to analyze drug release from tablets. In this work, ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging was applied for observing the dissolution of molecular crystals from tablet compacts. The IR spectra provided chemically specific information about the transformation of crystal structures during the dissolution experiments.

Multimodal Spectroscopic Studies to Evaluate the Effect of Nod-Factor-Based Fertilizer on the Maize () Stem.

Maize () is one of the most cultivated plants in the world. Due to the large area, the scale of its production, and the demand to increase the yield, there is a need for new environmentally friendly fertilizers. One group of such candidates is bacteria-produced nodulation (or nod) factors.

Study of Monoclonal Antibody Aggregation at the Air-Liquid Interface under Flow by ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging.

Throughout bioprocessing, transportation, and storage, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) experience stress conditions that may cause protein unfolding and/or chemical modifications. Such structural changes may lead to the formation of aggregates, which reduce mAb potency and may cause harmful immunogenic responses in patients. Therefore, aggregates need to be detected and removed or ideally prevented from forming.

Advances in ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging for the Analysis of Tablet Dissolution and Drug Release.

One of the major challenges in the development of effective pharmaceutical formulations for oral administration is the poor solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients. For this reason, the dissolution process and drug release from solid oral dosage forms, such as tablets, is usually thoroughly studied in order to understand the dissolution behaviour under various conditions and optimize the formulation accordingly. Standard dissolution tests used in the pharmaceutical industry provide information on the amount of drug released over time; however, these do not allow for a detailed analysis of the underlying chemical and physical mechanisms of tablet dissolution.

Causes of Industrial Protein A Column Degradation, Explored Using Raman Spectroscopy.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used extensively as biotherapeutics for chronic and acute conditions. Production of mAbs is lengthy and expensive, with protein A affinity capture the most costly step, due both to the nature of the resin and its marked reduction in binding capacity with repeated use. Our previous studies using in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy indicated that loss in protein A binding capacity is not the result of leaching or degradation of protein A ligand, suggesting fouling is the principal cause.

Designing two-dimensional temperature profiles using tunable thermoplasmonics.

Heat flow generation and manipulation in nanometer-sized solids using light represents one of the up-and-coming tasks in thermonanophotonics. Enhanced light-matter interaction due to plasmon resonance permits metallic nanostructures to absorb light energy efficiently, and it results in extra optical heating. The net temperature increment of nanostructures is directly dependent on heat exchange with a thermostat.

Nanoscale Melting of 3D Confined Azopolymers through Tunable Thermoplasmonics.

Phase transitions that are thermally induced by using light at the nanoscale play a vital role in material science. Enhanced optical heating sustained by resonant nanostructures can turn out to be insignificant when a higher thermal conductivity of a heatsink, regardless of the pumping intensity. In this Letter, we demonstrate an approach to control an operating temperature range due to excess heating of a structured heatsink.

Recent advances and applications to cultural heritage using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging.

Scientific investigation of cultural heritage objects plays a vital role in a responsible modern approach to conservation and archaeology. Recent advances in spectroscopy, such as the development of Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging, have opened up a window of opportunities for characterisation of materials in artefacts and collections from museums. This review summarises some of the recent advances and applications of these ATR-FTIR spectroscopic analytical techniques in the area of cultural heritage studies, including examples of cross-sections of oil paintings, paper, textiles, plastic objects, potteries, glasses and mineral artefacts.

Time-Resolved ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy and Macro ATR-FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging of Inorganic Treatments for Stone Conservation.

In this study, the novel application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and macro ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging overcame an analytical challenge in conservation science: the time-resolved, chemical, and spatial investigation of the reaction of inorganic treatments for stone conservation (ammonium oxalate, AmOx; ammonium phosphate, DAP) occurring in water-based solutions. The aim was to (1) assess the composition and localization of reaction products and their phase variation during the reaction in real time and directly in an aqueous environment and (2) investigate the reaction of AmOx and DAP with calcite and the transformations induced to the substrate with a time-resolved approach. The new analytical results showed that for both treatments, the formation of new crystalline phases initiated at the early stages of the reaction.

Novel Approaches to In-Situ ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging for Real-Time Simultaneous Monitoring Curing Reaction and Diffusion of the Curing Agent at Rubber Nanocomposite Surface.

Here, we propose a novel attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy method for simultaneously monitoring the curing reaction and the diffusion behavior of curing agents at the surface of rubber in real-time. The proposed scheme was demonstrated by fluorine rubber (FKM) and FKM/carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites with a target curing agent of triallyl-isocyanurate (TAIC). The broadening and the evolution of the C=O stretching of TAIC were quantitatively analyzed to characterize the reaction and the diffusion.

Insight into purification of monoclonal antibodies in industrial columns studies of Protein A binding capacity by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.

Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are effective treatments for a range of cancers and other serious diseases, however mAb treatments cost on average ∼$100 000 per year per patient, limiting their use. Currently, industry favours Protein A affinity chromatography (PrAc) as the key step in downstream processing of mAbs. This step, although highly efficient, represents a significant mAb production cost.

New DRIFT spectroscopic methodology for acquiring infrared spectra of fiberglass materials.

We report a new approach for infrared spectroscopic analysis of fiberglass materials using a mirror substrate, which allowed the specular reflection from the sample surface to be minimized and detect the light passing through the sample. The application of this technique for platinum-containing fiberglass catalysts made it possible for the first time to identify sulfate compounds formed in glass fibers during the oxidation reaction of sulfur dioxide. The developed technique can be applied for a number of research samples that are difficult to analyze by conventional IR spectroscopic methods.

Visualization of Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions in Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/Poly(L-lactic acid) (PHB/PLLA) Blends During Isothermal Melt Crystallization Using Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) Spectroscopic Imaging.

Inter- and intramolecular interactions in multicomponent polymer systems influence their physical and chemical properties significantly and thus have implications on their synthesis and processing. In the present study, chemical images were obtained by plotting the peak position of a spectral band from the data sets generated using in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopic imaging. This approach was successfully used to visualize changes in intra- and intermolecular interactions in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PHB/PLLA) blends during the isothermal melt crystallization.

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging to investigate the behaviour of proteins subjected to freeze-thaw cycles in droplets, wells, and under flow.

Biopharmaceuticals are used to treat a range of diseases from arthritis to cancer, however, since the advent of these highly specific, effective drugs, there have been challenges involved in their production. The most common biopharmaceuticals, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), are vulnerable to aggregation and precipitation during processing. Freeze thaw cycles (FTCs), which can be required for storage and transportation, can lead to a substantial loss of product, and contributes to the high cost of antibody production.

Perspectives on infrared spectroscopic imaging from cancer diagnostics to process analysis.

This perspective paper discusses the recent and potential developments in the application of infrared spectroscopic imaging, with a focus on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging. The current state-of-the-art has been briefly reported, that includes recent trends and advances in applications of FTIR spectroscopic imaging to biomedical systems. Here, some new opportunities for research in the biomedical field, particularly for cancer diagnostics, and also in the engineering field of process analysis; as well as challenges in FTIR spectroscopic imaging are discussed.

Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer.

The current understanding of mechanisms underlying the formation of metastatic tumors has required multi-parametric methods. The tissue micro-environment in secondary organs is not easily evaluated due to complex interpretation with existing tools. Here, we demonstrate the detection of structural modifications in proteins using emerging Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) imaging combined with light polarization.

Collagen maturity and mineralization in mesenchymal stem cells cultured on the hydroxyapatite-based bone scaffold analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging.

Modern bone tissue engineering is based on the use of implants in the form of biomaterials, which are used as scaffolds for osteoprogenitor or stem cells. The task of the scaffolds is to temporarily sustain the function, proliferation and differentiation of bone tissue to enable its regeneration. The aim of this work is to use the macro ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging for analysis of the ceramic-based biomaterial (chitosan/β-1,3-glucan/hydroxyapatite).

Intermolecular Interactions in the Polymer Blends Under High-Pressure CO Studied Using Two-Dimensional Correlation Analysis and Two-Dimensional Disrelation Mapping.

Exposing polymers to high-pressure and supercritical CO is a useful approach in polymer processing. Consequently, the mechanisms of polymer-polymer interaction under such conditions are worthy of further investigation. Two-dimensional correlation analysis and two-dimensional disrelation mapping were applied to datasets of polycaprolactone -poly(lactic acid) blend with or without high-pressure CO obtained using in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform spectroscopic imaging.

Insight into the effects of moisture and layer build-up on the formation of lead soaps using micro-ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging of complex painted stratigraphies.

Metal soaps are formed in paint layers thorough the reaction of metal ions of pigments and fatty acids of organic binders. In this study, micro-ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging was used to analyse the formation of lead soaps in oil-based paint layers in relation to their exposure to moisture sources. The investigations were carried out on authentic samples of complex stratigraphies from cold painted terracotta statues (Sacred Mount, Varallo, UNESCO) and different IR-active lead white pigments, organic materials, and lead soaps were discriminated.

How does high-pressure CO affect the morphology of PCL/PLA blends? Visualization of phase separation using in situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging.

Studies of phase separation in lower critical solution temperature (LCST) polymer blends exposed to high-pressure CO provide an insight to their physical properties. Through using in situ high-pressure ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging, this work visualized the dynamic process of phase separation in Polycaprolactone (PCL)/Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) blend under high-pressure CO for the first time. ATR-FTIR spectroscopic images revealed that phase separation in PCL/PLA blends occurs with increasing temperature or upon exposure to high-pressure CO.

ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging for the analysis of biopharmaceuticals.

Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a label-free, non-destructive technique that can be applied to a vast range of biological applications, from imaging cancer tissues and live cells, to determining protein content and protein secondary structure composition. This review summarises the recent advances in applications of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to biopharmaceuticals, the application of this technique to biosimilars, and the current uses of FTIR spectroscopy in biopharmaceutical production. We discuss the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging to investigate biopharmaceuticals, and finally, give an outlook on the possible future developments and applications of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging to this field.

Effect of Controlled Humidity and Tissue Hydration on Colon Cancer Diagnostic via FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging.

The effects of hydration on the DNA conformation in the colon biopsy tissues at different disease stages, hyperplasia, dysplasia, and cancer, and their subsequent classifications were investigated in this study. FTIR spectroscopic imaging was used to study the tissues while controlling the humidity from 16% RH to 88% RH using saturated salt solutions. A nonuniform uptake of water into the tissue at its maximum hydrated state was observed in the chemical images showing the distribution of the absorbance of the ν OH spectral band.